US1391789A - Apparatus fob vapostlzibtg fuel-oils and the like - Google Patents

Description

I N VENTO/El Jamue/ Pas/027d 73v 092 0% w ay/ fir Patented Sept. 27, 1921.

S. PESKIND.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3!, I919- APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING FUEL OILS AND THE LIKE.

l h H I I MHUHHH HHHHHQ TOIENEYQ.

UNITE SAMUEL PESKTNID, 031 CLEVELAND, ()HIO.

APPARATUS YEQH VAPORSCZING FUEL-OILS AND THE LIKE.

1,391,789, Specification Application filed May 31,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, SAMUEL Pnsnrnn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Vaporizing Fuel-Oils and the like, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

The present invention relates to apparatus for preheating heavy fuels for internal combustion engines or other oil burning apparatus. More particularly it relates to suitable apparatus for preheating heavy fuels to sufiiciently high temperatures to completely vaporize them and even to crack or decompose the fuel so that upon admission to the engine or combustion chamber, the

entire fuel will be readily and easily burned. The present apparatus is designed to ac complish this result quickly and economically and without danger of premature co1nbustion, the fuel being maintained in a closed chamber prior to its introduction into the combustion chamber of the engine or other device in which it is to be used. To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, said invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The annexed drawing and the following description set forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing The figure is a diagrammatic view of my improved device with portions in section to show constructional features.

As shown in the drawing, the preheating device consists of a suitable casing 1 which will be mounted on any convenient part of the engine or other apparatus with which the device is to be used. This casing is preferably of heavy copper and has an internally threaded base portion 3 into which is threaded a combustion chamber casing 4 which extends almost the full length of the outer casing and leaves an annular chamber 5 between the two. This inner casing flares near the end, leaving a smaller annular of Letters latent.

Patented Sept. 27, 1921.

1919. Serial No. 300,802.

opening 6 between the two casings as an outlet for the vaporized fuel.

T he outer casing is provided with an annular aperture 8 in the base, to which is :onnected a fuel supply pipe 9, small open ings l0 connecting the fuel aperture 8 with the vaporizing chamber 5. Within the combustion chamber casing, which is preferably of porcelain or other highly refractory material, is mounted a screw-threaded plug 11 carrying a burner tube 12, the plug being connected by means of a pipe 13 to a suitable source of fuel. As shown, this consists of a pressure chamber let having a pump 15, whereby a combustible mixture can be forced through said tube. The plug 11 is provided with 7 outlet apertures 26 (only one being shown) through which the burned gas may escape from the interior of the combustion chamber.

At the upper end, the combustion chamber carries an electrical ignition element 16 connected to any suitable current source, such as a battery 17, a control switch 18 being connected in the line. The ignition element is located near the end of the burner tube and is adapted to ignite the combustible mixture issuing therefrom. It is understood that by forcing a combustible mixture through the burner tube and igniting the same within the combustion chamher, the latter is heated sufficiently to vaporizc the oil. which is in the vaporizing chamber.

The apparatus is shown connected to an internal combustion engine of the third valve type in which. as is well known, the head of the cylinder is heated and the fuel forced into the cylinder adjacent such head in order to ignite the same, the cylinder having previously been charged with air.

The outer casing is threaded into a suitable manifold housing 20, which carries the fuel supply pipe 9, this housing being attached to the fuel inlet valve case 21 by means of bolts 22 or the like. The inlet valve 23 is located over the preheating de vice and will be operated in the usual manner.

The fuel supply pipe 9 is connected by a suitable conduit and connections 24 to a fuel pump 25 which is driven by the engine in any suitable manner. In the usual type of engine, this pump is controlled by a governor which regulates the stroke to determine the amount of fuel supplied to the engine. At the outlet end of the pump, a valve is located to prevent back pressure from forcing the fuel from the engine into the pump. It is, of course, understood that this is the usual construction employed on engines of this type.

In using the present apparatus, a suitable combustible mixture is supplied to the burner-tube and ignited by the electric heating element, thus heating the inner casing to a veryhigh temperature. The engine fuel is forced'into the annular chamber 5 between the two casings where it will quickly become vaporized, and in case of many fuels,

cracked or decomposed. The pressure will increase rapidly and when the engine fuel valve 23 is opened, the vaporized fuel will rush into the engine cylinder Where it will be ignited by the hot engine head, the

, charge of air within the cylinder supporting the combustion. I

The present apparatus is easily attached to engines of the type mentioned, being in serted between the fuel pump and the fuel inlet valve chamber. By raising the fuel to high temperatures, the complete combustion of the same is accomplished in the engine, giving a greatly increased efiiciency.

It is, of course, understood that the pre heating device may be used in other connections, such as in connection with a suitable mixing valve or carbureter, or with burners for furnaces or boilers where fuel oil is used. In these cases the vaporized fuel will be kept at such a temperature to prevent premature combustion, but here the completevaporization of the fuel increases the efliciency of the apparatus. The present apparatus is especially adaptable for use in tractors orautomobiles in which heavier fuels are employed. The use of such a de vice gives almost complete combustion and eliminates the formation of carbon and the condensation which ordinarily takes place.

. The device is simple, easily installed and constructed, and may readily be dismantled to substitute parts as the various parts of the device are all removably attached to gether.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:

1. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of an outer casing provided with a fuel inlet opening and a fuel outlet cap, said casing having an interiorly threadedbase portion, a combustion chamber casing having a base threaded into said outer casing and provided with a flared upper end to make a small outlet area between said two casings, outlet apertures in said base of said combustion chamber casing, a burner tube removably mounted through said base of said combustion chamber casing, an electric ignition element mounted in said combustion chamber casing adjacent the outlet end of said burner tube. means for supplying oil to be vaporized between said two casings, and other means for supplying a combustible mixture under pressure to said burner tube.

2. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of an outer casing. a cap therefor, said casing being provided with an interiorly threaded base portion having an annular aperture connected to the interior of said casing, a combustion chamber casing adapted to be threaded into said outer casingand to be spaced therefrom,

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