US1388352A - Means for controlling admission and exhaust in double-acting explosionengines - Google Patents

Description

J. C. W. LLOYD.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ADMISSION AND EXHAUST IN DOUBLE ACTING EXPLOSION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20. 1918.

1,388,352, Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

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I. C. W. LLOYD.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ADMISSION AND EXHAUST IN DOUBLE ACTING EXPLOSION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED SEPT- ZO, I918.

1,388,352, Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

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MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ADMISSION AND EXHAUST IN I JOUBLE ACTING EXPLOSION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20. I918.

1,888,352 I Patented Aug. 23,1921.

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JOSEPH CHARLES WILLIAM LLOYD, 'OF' ALPERTON, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ADMISSION ANDEXHAUST LIN DOUBLE-ACTING EXPLOSION- ENGINES.

"Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

Application filed-September 20, 1918. Serial No. 255,004.

To all whom it may concern. 7

Be it known that I, JosnPH CHARLES WIL- LIAM LLOYD, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Alperton, in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Controlling Admission and Exhaust in Double-Acting Explosion- Engines, of which the following is a specification. 7

This invention relates to double acting explosion engines working on the fourstroke cycle and in which the admission and exhaust is controlled by concentric slide valve and sleeve-operated by time eccentric device of the kind giving double acting, silent and positive movement tothe valves, the object being to provide an improved apparatus of this kind. 7 7

According to this invention the concentric slide valve and sleeves are arranged within auxiliary cylinders, independent of the main cylinders but communicating therewith. Each auxiliary cylinder communicates with two of the main cylinders, thus controlling the admission and exhaust of two main cylinders at the same time.

Each of the auxiliary cylinder valve and sleeve functions for the top of one main cylinder and the bottom of the adjacent main cylinder.

The cranks of the main cylinders are ar-- ranged so that the angle between the cranks of two cylinders is 180 while the sleeve and slide valve is driven at half the speed of the crank shaft and may be operated by two rods pivotally connected to two eccentrics or cranks on one shaft about 90 to each other.

The admission preferably communicates midway in the auxiliary cylinder by annular openings extending around the said auxiliary cylinder, through lateral openings in the sleeve valve and around the circumferential throat arranged midway of the length of the slide valve.

Or as an alternative method of operation, the admission may communicate at the end of the auxiliary cylinder by an axial opening in the slide valve and annular openings around the auxiliary cylinder. I

The valve comprises a sleeve open-at both ends and having lateral openings Which will slide withinthe auxiliar cylinder and be brought into position wit its lateral openings, opposite thelateral openings between admission and exhaust alternately.

The exhaust pipe may communicate from midway of the auxiliary cylinder to the main cylinder'through the circumferential throat-arranged midway of the length of the slide valve.

The exhaust pipe preferably communi- .cates from one end of the auxiliary cylinder to the main cylinder through an axial opening in the slide valve.

In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the tiwo main cylinders and one auxiliary cylin- Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation of the two auxiliary cylindersand one main cylinder. v

Fig. 3 is a development of the two main and two auxiliary cylinders, showing the movement 0f-the valves.

Fig. 4 is a plan of the cylinders.

The motor consists; of two main cylinders a and b in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4,'in which move pistons a and b acting on the crank shaft 0 in Figs. 1 and 2. Parallel with the main cylinders a and b are mounted two auxiliary cylinders d and e in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of smaller diameter than the main cylinders a and b and communicating with the latter by lateral passages a a b and Win Figs. 1, 2 and 3, in which auxiliary cylinder (5 opens by passage 6 to top of main cylinder 6 and by passage 21? to bottom main cylinder a, also auxiliary cylinder ,0 opens by passage a to top main cylinder a and by passage 6 to bottom main cylinder b.

"In the auxiliary cylinder (i and e are arranged two slide valvesa sleeve f in Figs; 1, 2 and3, slide 9 in Figs. 1, 2 and 3,*mounted concentrically one in the other, the sleeve f being provided near the middle and ends with a ring or orifices h, h and 72. in Figs.1, 2 and 3, while the slide q is provided also at the middle with a throat "orreduced portion g. The sleeve f and the slidewg are connected by their respective rods 70 and Z in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, to eccentries secured 90 apart on a shaft m in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 to 'which the rotatory motion of the driving shaft'c is transmitted at half speed by wheels n and 0 in Figs. 1 and 2.

The ends of the auxiliary cylinders d and e communicate with the exhaust pipe p in Figs. 1 and 2, and the said auxiliary cyl-- inders d and e are provided between the annular assa es d and d in Fi s. 1 2

works in the same manner as a four-stroke motor as follows I Assuming the parts to be in position for the commencement of admission, at the bottom of piston b in Figs. 1 and 2, that is to say, at the moment when the piston b after the expulsion of the consumed gases is at the dead point of its stroke preceding the aspiration period in that portion of the parts, the orifices k of sleeve f coincide exactly with the annular cavity e but are closed by slide 9 so that there is no communication between any of the openings in the motor and the outside.

The half-speed shaft on turning in the direction of the arrow, as soon as the sleeve f begins its up stroke, the slide 9 which is then on the down stroke, uncovers the orifices 71/ which then come into position opposite the annular cavity 6 and passage 5 It follows that in proportion, as the piston 5' moves and produces a vacuum in its rear, the sleeve f and slide 9 increase progressively the sectional area for the passage of the explosive mixture, which therefore enters the cylinder 5 through the throat of the slide 9 as well as through such portions of the orifices h as are in communication with the cavities e and e as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

When the piston 5 reaches the end of its admission stroke the half-speed shaft has made l-turn, bringing the sleeve f and slide 9 into a position for shutting off the admis sion completely, as shown at a? in auxiliary cylinder d. The piston continuing its stroke and moving downward in order to compress the admitted mixture, the sleeve and slide 9 move without uncovering any of the orifices.

The same occurs during the period following the displacement of the piston b, that is to say, the period corresponding to the active phase or working stroke of the motor and following the explosion.

When the piston b has reached the end of its working stroke and is about to expel the burned gases, the sleeve f and slide ,7

move simultaneously upward in order to uncover the orifices h and g and place the cylinder Z) in communicatlon wlth the exhaust' pipe p shown at cl of annular cylinder d.

At the end of the expulsion or scavenging stroke of the piston 5, the sleeve f and slide 9 close the exhaust passages and reopen the admission passages, thus renewing and containing the cycle of the motor.

The timing of the sleeves f and f, .and slides g and g are shown suction at the bottom and firing at the top of auxiliary cylinder 0, also'compressing at the'bottom and exhaust at the top of the auxiliary cylinder d. I

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by. Letters Patent is 1. An explosion motor of the class referred to and having double-acting reciprocating concentric slide and sleeve valves arranged Within auxiliary cylinders inde pendent of the main cylinders but communicating therewith and operating for the two main cylinders simultaneously; in which each auxiliary cylinder communicates with the admission pipe at midway of the length of said auxiliary cylinder, with the exhaust pipe at the top of the auxiliary cylinder, and with the top end of one main cylinder and the bottom end of another main cylinder by lateralopenings.

2. Apparatus of the kind specified in claim 1, in which a sleeve open at both ends and provided with lateral openings reciprocates within the auxiliary cylinder, and a hollow cylindrical slide valve with a narrow throat about midway of its length reciprocates within the sleeve, for the purpose set forth.

3. Apparatus of the kind specified in claim 2, in which the sleeve and the slide valve are operated by two rods connected to eccentrics or crank pins on the shaft at about 90 to each other, the said shaft being driven at half the speed of the main crank shaft.

4:. An explosion motor of the kind specified in claim 1, comprising in combination with an auxiliary shaft at right angles to the main crank shaft driven at half the speed thereof, and cranks or eccentricson the auxiliary shaft for driving the two sleeves and the two slide valves, two main cylinders, a main crank shaft with two cranks at 180, connecting rods, pistons reciprocati-ng within the cylinders, and two auxiliary cylinders within each of which reciprocate a sleeve and a concentric slide valve. I

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification. JOSEPH CHARLES WILLIAM LLOYD.

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