US1378437A - Draft - Google Patents

Description

J. AVELINE.

DRAFT APPLIANCE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29. I920.

Patented May 17, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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JOHN AVELINE, OF SCBAN'ION, PENNSYLVANIA.

DRAFT APPLIANCE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 1'7, 1921.

Application filed January 29, 1920. Serial No. 354,809.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that 1, JOHN Avnmnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Scranton, in the county of Lackawanna and State of Pennsylvania, have invented cer tain new and useful Improvements in Draft Appliances; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in draft appliances and has for its object to provide a spring draft gear especially adapted for railway cars and other vehicles and which, in addition to serving as a resilient means, will act as a brake to retard the movements of the resilient cushioning means when contracted, due to impact with an obstacle, or from a sudden pull of a propelling means.

The invention comprises an apparatus which, due to its resilient and braking features, will prevent destructive wear upon the various parts of a vehicle which are usually subjected to continuous vibration of the resilient gearing after the same has been contracted.

My invention is illustrated in the accompany drawings which, with the numerals of reference marked thereon, form a part of this application, and in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved draft appliance.

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view through the device.

Fig. 3 is an end View of the arrangement of the springs. Fig. 4: is a detail end view of the intermediate spring showing the corrugated portions thereof.

Fig. 5 is an end view of the outer coiled spring.

1 Fig. 6 is an end view of the inner coiled spring, and p Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view through the series of springs.

Reference now being had to the details of-the drawings by numerals:

l designates the usual form of draft bar, provided with the ordinary draft strap or yoke 2, extending around the follower plates 3 and 4, which are positioned between the draw-bar draft lugs or stops 5 and 6 which are bolted, or otherwise secured, to the sills 7 of the car frame.

Positioned between the lugs 3 and 4" upon the followers 3 and 4 is a helical spring 8 having an outer, cross-sectionally, wedgeshaped face 910, formed upon the convolutions thereof. 11 designates a second coiled spring, the convolutions of which are bent sinuously or undulately, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings, forming substantially a corrugated member.

The second spring 11 is also provided with cross-sectionally wedge-shaped inner and outer faces l3-14 and 18-19 respectively, said face 13-14 being seated between the convolutions of the spring 8, and engaging at intervals the wedge-shaped face 9--10 thereof, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

A third or outer coiled spring 15 has a cross-sectionally wedge-shaped inner face 16-17. The beveled outer face 1819 of the spring 11 seats at intervals against the wedge-shaped inner face 16-17 of the spring 15.

It will be understood that the springs 3, 11 and 15 are continuous and not in sections. The advantages of continuous springs are that the various stresses are uniformly absorbed, and a saving in time in assembling is effected.

In operation, compression of the outward and inward projecting portions of the undulatory spring 11 will result in a tendency of said spring to creep, so as to cause said spring to approximate the length of the inner and outer springs, and said spring 11 is therefore made of shorter length than, or less than the normal length of the other two springs to allow for this creeping. The inner and outer springs function, to permit the device to initially exert spring resistance, only, by which minor strains, incident to ordinary train operation, may be opposed, and the resultants transmitted to the car frame without materially involving the exertion of frictional resistance. The construction of the springs so as to set up frictional resistance, in operation, is important, as thereby shocks and strains of greater force than said minor strains are counteracted by the binding of the wavelike spring 11 with the inner and outer springs 8 and 15 respectively.

In assembling the parts, the spring 8 is turned into engagement with the second spring 11, and the third or outer spring 15 turned into engagement with the second spring 11, until the ends are approximately flush with the ends of the inner spring 8, said spring 11 being slightly shorter than the others. The inner spring 8 and the outer spring 15 are so mounted and propertioned that. the intermediate spring 11, formed'sinuate, bears at the outer curves of itssinuations against the inner inclined surfaces of the outer spring 15 and at the inner curves of its sinuations against the outer inclined surfaces of the inner spring 8. This structure is then'placed in position between the followers 3 and 4:, when the device is ready for operation. When the front follower is moved rearwardly under buffer stress, the springs 8 and 15 will be eompressed between the followers, the rear follower at this time being stationary, by reason of its engagement with the fixed stops 6, 6 upon the car center sills 7, 7. The

buffing stresses of the draft bar 1 are thus in absorbed by the frictional engagement of the respective beveled portions or wedge faces of the springs 8, 11 and 15, and further by the transverse movements of the bent or'distorted portions 12 of the spring 11, it being understood that the stresses are absorbed forwardly, a well as rearwardly.

The wave-like contour of the spring 11, as

' shown at 12 in Fig. 3 of the drawings, offers a distinct advantage in the wearing qualities of the outer springs 15. It will be understood that the repeated compressions of the inner and outer springs will in time wear the beveled surfaces of the spring 11. By the provision of the wave-like portions 12, considerable wear of the adj acent-beveled portions of the spring 11 may follow before the said springs 8, 11 and 15 are worn to such an extent that replacement will become necessary.

Furthermore, compression of the springs 8 and 15 and the subsequent absorption of the buffing and draft stresses through the medium of the frictional engagement of the respective beveled surfaces of the springs will cause an expansion of the spring 11, so that the extended portions 12 thereof will bind against the adjacent beveled portlons of the outer and inner springs 15 and 8 respectively, and further assist in absorbing the stresses above referred to (in a wave motion). 7

From the foregoing it will be noted that the device is particularly adapted for use in connection with railway cars, wherein it is desirable that means be provided for taking care of various strains, to which the draft gearing is subjected; and that the device will prevent the continued vibration of the spring cushioning. means, when the same has been once contracted, by reason of the braking or retarding action afforded by the wavelike portions 12.

ll hile I have shown a particular mechanical construction of device embodying the features of my invention, it will be understood that I may vary the details of arrangement of parts and the construction without in any way departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim to be new is:

1. A draft rig comprising in combination spaced followers and a yoke embracing the same, inner and outer helical springs under tension between the followers and having the proximate surfaces of their corresponding convolutions oppositely beveled, and an intermediate sinuate spring helicoidally wound, shorter than the inner and outer springs and stopping short of engagement with the followers and having the inner and outer surfaces of its convolutions oppositely beveled, complementarily to the evels of the inner and outer springs.

2. A draft rig comprising in combination spaced followers and a yoke embracing the same, inner and outer helical springs under tension between the followers and having the proximate surfaces of their corresponding convolutions oppositely beveled, and an intermediate, helicoidally wound spring, sinuate within the planes of its convolutions, shorter than the inner and outer springs, and stopping short of engagement with the followers, and having the inner and outer surfaces of its convolutions oppositely beveled complementarily to the bevels of the inner and outer springs.

8. A draft rig comprising in combination spaced followers and a yoke embracing the same, inner and outer helical springs under tension between the followers and having the proximate surfaces of their corresponding convolutions oppositely beveled, and an intermediate sinuate spring helicoidally wound, and having the inner and outer surfaces of its convolutions oppositely beveled complementarily to the bevels of the inner and outer springs.

4. A. draft rig comprising in combination spaced followers and a yoke embracing the same, inner and outer helical springs under tension between the followers and having the proximate surfaces of their corresponding convolutions oppositely beveled, and an intermediate helicoidally wound spring sinuate within the planes of its own convolutions, and having the inner and outer surfaces of its sinuations oppositely beveled complementarily to the bevels of the inner and outer springs.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

JOHN AVELINE.

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