US137835A - Improvement in the manufacture of glue - Google Patents
Improvement in the manufacture of glue Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US137835A US137835A US137835DA US137835A US 137835 A US137835 A US 137835A US 137835D A US137835D A US 137835DA US 137835 A US137835 A US 137835A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- glue
- water
- manufacture
- improvement
- calcium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 title description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000501754 Astronotus ocellatus Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004833 fish glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 108010059642 isinglass Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
Definitions
- My invention is based upon the following principle, viz: that if two solids containing water are placed near each other the water will spontaneously leave that for which it has least affinity.
- the application of this principle to the drying of glue constitutes the main feature of my invention. 7
- the jellied glue When the jellied glue is placed upon the nets to be dried it contains from three to six times its weight of water, or thereabout, but the water is not retained by a very strong affinity. There is a class of hygrometric substances, such as chloride of calcium, which absorb water and hold it'with great avidity. To carry out my'invention it isonly necessary that the glue be placed in a close chamber containing the water-absorbent material, the
- ent materials may be used, such as chloride of magnesium, sulphuric acid, or any of the known hygroscopic materials which maybe found described in works relating to chemistry and physics.
- Chloride of calcium is easily restored. bysimply evaporating the moisture it contains after using it, and thoroughly drying it or fusing it by means of heat. I generally add water to dissolve it, then filter it and dry it down thoroughly or fuse it. I
- my invention is applicable to the drying of fishglue,isin glass, or gelatinc, as well as to ordinary glue.
- a convenient arrangement is to place trays containing chloride of calcium between alternate frames containing the glue, or shallow trays containing the water-absorbent material may be placed around the room or at intervals with the nets holding the glue. interspersed between. -By placing the'frames containing the glue alternating with trays containing chloride of calcium or other water-absorbent material with a packing of rubber or thin material between, an ordinary room may be employed; the top frame should be closed with a cover. In a few days the water in the glue will be found to have passed from the glue and to have been taken up by the chloride of calcium.
- the chamber may have the air entirely removed from it; but as that would involve additional expense'I prefer not to use it.
- the glue made by my process, being free from all fermentation during the drying, is a superior article of manufacture readily recognized by experts.
- the apparatus herein described for removing water from glue consisting of a closed chamber, a series of removable frames for supporting the glue-cakes, and a series of boxes or trays for containing chloride of calcium or other hygrometric substance.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIGE."
OSCAR SKFOLLETT, 0F MONT CLAIR, NEW JERSEY.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLUE.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 13?,835, dated April 15,1873; applica'ion filed March 31, 1873.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, OSCAR S. FOLLETT, of Mont Olair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have made a new and useful Im provement in the Manufacture of Glue; and I hereby declare the following to be a full and exact description of the same.
In the manufacture of glue the great difficulty is to remove the water from the jelly and reduce it to a solid state. This is usually accomplished by placing slices or cakes of glue in the jellied condition in which it is removed from the coolers upon netting and exposingit to the drying action of the air; sometimes a blast of air, either hot or cold, and sometimes artificially dried, has been blown over and among and through the netting holding the g ue.
When glue is dried by the natural air it is often spoiled by the change of temperature;
I if the air is too much confined and warm it will decompose; if the weather is too warm the glue will lose all shape, unite with the nets, or melt and drop through the nets upon the fioor;-fog will mold it; a too brisk wind I will harden it so rapidly as to make it unsightly and unmarketable, and frost will crack and disfigure it, making remeltin g necessary. Owing to these dificulties, and the length of time required for properly drying glue, it cannot be made at all with any certainty, except at certain seasons of the year.
When air has been dried, heated, or cooled,
. and then driven over or through the nettings holding the glue, the expense of preparing so large a quantity of air has rendered the process impracticable, so the methods used for centuries are generally those still employed.
My invention is based upon the following principle, viz: that if two solids containing water are placed near each other the water will spontaneously leave that for which it has least affinity. The application of this principle to the drying of glue constitutes the main feature of my invention. 7
When the jellied glue is placed upon the nets to be dried it contains from three to six times its weight of water, or thereabout, but the water is not retained by a very strong affinity. There is a class of hygrometric substances, such as chloride of calcium, which absorb water and hold it'with great avidity. To carry out my'invention it isonly necessary that the glue be placed in a close chamber containing the water-absorbent material, the
ent materials may be used, such as chloride of magnesium, sulphuric acid, or any of the known hygroscopic materials which maybe found described in works relating to chemistry and physics.
After the water-absorbent material has be-- come saturated it may be revivilied and re used. Chloride of calcium is easily restored. bysimply evaporating the moisture it contains after using it, and thoroughly drying it or fusing it by means of heat. I generally add water to dissolve it, then filter it and dry it down thoroughly or fuse it. I
To assist in eliminating the water from the glue I sometimes form the lue-cakes with numerous the methods in use, as well as with my special improvement by means of water-absorbents. By placing the perforations in regular lines the glue may be easily broken up for use or for the manufacture of comminuted glue.
It is obvious that my invention is applicable to the drying of fishglue,isin glass, or gelatinc, as well as to ordinary glue.
erforations byizi-lacing sticks or wires in the coo ifig boxes or tanks. By havride of calcium or other absorbent ingredients in position that the water in the glue may pass as freely as possible from the glue to the chloride of calcium.
A convenient arrangement is to place trays containing chloride of calcium between alternate frames containing the glue, or shallow trays containing the water-absorbent material may be placed around the room or at intervals with the nets holding the glue. interspersed between. -By placing the'frames containing the glue alternating with trays containing chloride of calcium or other water-absorbent material with a packing of rubber or thin material between, an ordinary room may be employed; the top frame should be closed with a cover. In a few days the water in the glue will be found to have passed from the glue and to have been taken up by the chloride of calcium.
From the nature of the apparatus, supposing the temperature to have been properly regulated, there can be no change of weather inside the chamber, and therefore that fruitful source of loss to the glue manufacturer is entirely avoided, and the business may be carried on at all seasons of the year regardless of the weather or temperature out of doors.
If desired, the chamber may have the air entirely removed from it; but as that would involve additional expense'I prefer not to use it. The glue made by my process, being free from all fermentation during the drying, is a superior article of manufacture readily recognized by experts.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,
1. The process herein described for drying glue, the same consisting in inclosing it in a chamber with a water-absorbent material, substantially such as herein described.
2. The apparatus herein described for removing water from glue, consisting of a closed chamber, a series of removable frames for supporting the glue-cakes, and a series of boxes or trays for containing chloride of calcium or other hygrometric substance.
3. The method herein described for-aiding in eliminating the water by forming perforations in the cakes of glue, as set forth.
4. The combination of a closed chamber, provided with frames for supporting the glue and trays or boxes for containing a water-ab sorbent material, with device for either heating or cooling the interior of the chamber so as to maintain a regulated temperature in the chamber, as set forth.
5. The improved article of glue in plain or perforated sheets.
OSCAR S. FOLLETT.
Witnesses:
J OHN G. DOREMUS, WILLIAM L. DoREMUs.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US137835A true US137835A (en) | 1873-04-15 |
Family
ID=2207250
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US137835D Expired - Lifetime US137835A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of glue |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US137835A (en) |
-
0
- US US137835D patent/US137835A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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