US1372336A

US1372336A - Firearm

Info

Publication number: US1372336A
Application number: US376922A
Authority: US
Inventors: John M Browning
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-04-27
Filing date: 1920-04-27
Publication date: 1921-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 1938-03-22

Description

I. M. BROWNING.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 27. 1920.

Patented Mar. 22, 1921.

I! llllllllllllllllllll lll ATTORNEY.

rim of'the lcartridge comes result is that the breech-block is parts Vbeing shown citizen of the United.

Ytended to be adapted to'22 caliber rim-fire vsimple means of adjusting the extractor just i Specification of Letters Patent.

1,372,336.. Patented Mar.22,1921.

Application led April 27, 1920. Serial No. 376,922.

i principal elementsnof Fig. A1, with the movable parts 1n retractedor backward position. F1g..3 1s a cross section on the line 3 -3 of looking toward the right.

To all who/m, 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. BROWNING, a States, residing at of-Weber and State certain new and useof which the Ogden in the county of Uta have invented ful Improvements in Firearms, following is a specification.

This invention while applicable to differ.-

ent kinds of firearms 1s more particularly-inblock;

5 .is a to plan view, and F1 6 1s a si e elevation of a pusher 1 throughout the several views. The frame or receiver of noted by 2and itis generally speaking, like that shown in fore mentioned. I he magazine comprises a passage 5, `into which the cartridges are inserted and fed automatically therealong. by the'flexible follower Gthe forward end of which engages the rearmost cartridge to advance the line of cartridges along the pasgreased cartridges.

I provide improved extracting means including. an extractor, acting together with the firing pin to', grip the rim of the car tridge while it is being extracted, which does awaywiththe necessity of the lower portion of the cartridge-'guide holding it to the ex tractor. The cartridge being gripped between the extractor and the iiring pin is held' securely while being extracted and until the in contact with the'downward depending ejecting shoulder on the cartridge guide, when it is turned on the point of t e extractor andejected from the receiver.

Another object of my invention is to provide an adjustable extractor. When using cartridgesas s mall as the caliber A22 'and greased, the recoil spring cannot be very strong and the 'grease especlally in cold weather, has a tendency to gum up the ex. tractor and causeit to work slowly or not' at all, unless .it is provided with a fairly strong sprin hen a strong spring is used, if the hook on the extractor extends upward too fai-, it has to be forced down by the recoil spring and if chamber ofthe arrel. In the frame or receiver 2, is the breech-block 7, the backward motionv of the breech-block being brought 'during firing, while thereof is effected by the recoil spring (not shown). Thefiring pin is and its spring b 12,- the firing pin having a point 13, whic strikes the cartridge. v

After the foremost cartridge passes from the passage 5, it engagesthe cam surfaces 8 and 9 and, asitffalls, i directed thereby into the vp ath'of the breech-block7 which then. inserts ity into thec'hamber of the bar- Irel. This is the normal action, butthere may be cases, however, as I have already the block rebounds or is drawn back slightly for any purpose, the recoil spring 1sy not strong enough to force the extractor down and the had Slightly the end of the barrel which I have a into the ypath of the breechook. To insure vide means of a positive away from causes r'nisfring.A To prevent thls,

azine passa e is l into the pa of t e breech-block.l f,

As shown thismeans is 1n high enough to` en age the rim of -the cartridge properly 'an have no tendency whatever to hold the breech-block away from thev endof .the barrel. I l

Referring to the drawlngis: L l Figure 1 is a sectional s1 e elevation of the frame, action and certain ladJunctiv'e mem-l bers of a rifle involving the invention, the

advanced. Fig. 2 is a practically similar view of the nel to receive the engages the bottom sion 17 which lits a ,cut Ain the'side of the breech-block and thus prevents. endwise giga is a top plan. viewv of the breech# i thev gun, is .de--

sage for subse uent introduction into the.

about by the pressure of the gases generated forward movement denoted by. 11

istv Y Li e characters refer to -vlike parts l.

the Letters Patent hereinbenoted, in which the cartrid e does not get I this latter result under all conditions, I proz nature by which the foremost cartrid e when out of the ma" us ed forward positive y?.

the form ofa pusher 113. oscillatoryon the upper side of the breech-block, which'has a longitudinal chan- I pusher, the latter having f about its central underside ythe lug 16 which Y of the channel. In addi-` v tion to this the pusher h as a lateral extenupward position also holds shown as tapered or pointed as at 18 which is adapted to enter an opening 19 in the lug 19 of the trigger plate, lthe upper surface of the tail part ofthepusher having a cam surface 2O to cause the .upward tip of the forward end of the pusher when the tail thereof' enters the openingfl9.

It will be assumed that the breech-block 7 is moved backwardby recoil and that its forward end is back of the head of the front cartridge of the row, said front cartridge having just omer ed from the passage 5. In Fig. 2 the breec -block is shown as all the way back, the pusher havingbeen caused to be moved to its operative position. When, therefore,.the breechbl`0ck is advanced, the pusher will strike the head of the first ca rtridge, then out of the passage 5, and will positively cause said first, cartridge to be guided downward by the cam surfaces 8 and 9 into the path of the breech-block.

The extractor is denoted 'by 22 and it has a lug 23 loosely fitting a cut 24 in -the front end of the breech-block. The extractor 22 is-supported by the front end of the plun ger 25 loosely fitting a socket in the breechblock and engaged by the spring 26 to hold the front cam end of the plunger against the lower cam surface ofthe extractor. An examination of the drawings, will 'show clearly that this thrust of the plunger 25 against the cam surface of the extractor 22,

while holding the extractor yieldingly in its the upper end of the extractor yieldingly against `the face of the breech-block. When the breechblock is in its advanced position theA upper end of the extractor engages the rim of the cartridge in the usual manner. When the point 13 of the firing pin strikes the cartridge the roughened end of the point will be slightly embedded and the yextractor will with the point clamp jointly the shell to insurethe shell being withdrawn from place. As the breech-block moves backward during which time the cartridge is gripped/by theextractor and the ring pin, it comes in contact with the downward depending shoulder 27 at which time it is turned on the point of the extractor and discharged positively from the receiver.

Through the breech-block 7 is tapped the screw 28 the upper end of which engages the plunger 25 so that when necessary the extractor may be adjusted vertically throuoh the action of the screw engaging the ptlunger and effecting correspondingmovements of the extractor.

-What I claim is:

1. A` lre arm comprising a frame, a breech-block, a firing pin carried by the breech-block, an extractor also carried by the breech-block, to coact with the firing pin when the cartridge is fired to clamp the shell both on the same side of the shell,

breech-block, an r the breech-block,

'when the cartridge .is fired tractor towar means for imparting a movement to the extractor toward the rear. of the breech-block to secure said clamping shell from the joint clamplng engagement of the firing pin and the extractor on recoil of the breech-block.

2. A. fire arm comprising a frame, a breech-block, a firing' pin carried bythe extractor also carried by to coact with the'firing pin when the cartridge is fired to clamp the shell' both on the same side of the4 shell, means for imparting a movement to the extractor toward the rear of the breech-block to secure said clampin action, and means on the frame, for positive y separating the shell from the joint clamping engagement of the firing pin and the extractor on recoil of the breech-block.

3. A 'fire arm comprising a' frame, a breech-block, a firing pin carried by the breech-block, an extractor also carried by the breech-block to coact with the liring pin, to clamp thc shell `both -on the sainev side of the shell, means for imparting a movement to the extractor toward the rear of the breech-block to secure said clamping action, spring means acting against theextractor to yieldingly cause the extractor to engage the shell, and means for positively separating the shell from the joint clamping engagement of the firing pin and the extractor on recoil.

lire arm comprising a frame, a breech-block, a firing pin carried by the breech-block, an extractor also carried 4by the breech-bloclnto coact with when the cartridge is fired, to clamp the shell both on the same side of the shell, means for imparting a movement to the exthe rear of the breech-block to secure said clamping action, and means for positively separatin the shell from the joint clamping effect o the firing pin and the extractor on recoil.

5. A fire arm comprising a frame, a breech-block, a firing pin carried bythe breech-block, an extractor also carried by the breech-block, to coact with the ring pin when thev cartridge is fired, to clamp the shell Vboth o n the same side of the shell, means for im arting a movement to the extractor toward the rear of the breech-block to secure said clamping action, and means for positively separatin joint clamping effect of, the firing pin and the extractor on recoil, the clamping means acting to retain the shell in the position in w 1ch it was in and until it is ejected.

6. lire arm. comprising a frame, a breech-block, a' firing pin carried by the breech-block, an extractor also carried by the breech-block for up and down'and lateral movements action, and inde@ ,1 pendent means for positlvely separating the I the firing pin the shell from the with respect to the breech- 1.80

an opening .through 1ts lower side,

block, and means for yeldngly causing the by the breech-block, a ring pin carried,

' breech-block, an extractor also carried by lbreech-block having a cam the extractor,

the breech-block, means for causing the extractor to clamp the shell when the cartridge is fired against the front of the firing pin and both on the sa'me side of the shell, and means for positively separating the shelllfrom the joint hold of the extractor andthe firing pin and causing it to .pass said opening.

8. A fire arm comprising a frame, a breech-block, a laterally immovable firing pin carried by the breech-block, a .rocking downwardly through extractor also carried by the breech-block, to

coact with the firing pm, a spring actuated member carried by apply a forward thrust against the extractor to causey it to jointly clamp 'with the firing pin, the shell, andmeans for positively separating the shell from the extractor and the breech-block, on recoil.

9. A fire arm comprising a frame, a breech-block, a laterally immovable firing pin carried by the breech-block, a rocking extractor also carried by the breech-block and having a lug, the frame having a cut to receive the lug, the extractor also having a cam, a spring-operated plunger on the Ato engage the cam of the extractor to cause to rock rearwardly and thus jointly clamp the shell with the firing the cartridge, and means for positively separating the shell from the clamping means on recoil of the breech-block.

10. A lire arm comprising a frame, a breechblock, a laterally immovable ,firing pin carried by the breech-block, an extractor also carried` by the breech-blockfto coact with the firing pin when the cartridge 1s fired to clamp the shell, means for adjusting and means for positively separating the shell from the joint clamping engagement of the firing pin and the extractor, on recoil of the breech-block.

11. A fire arm comprising. a frame, a

breech-block, a laterally immovable firing pin carried by the breech-block, a rocking extractor also carried by the breech-block, to c'oact with the firing pin when the cartridge is fired, to clamp the shell, the breech-block having a bore, a' plunger set into the bore, and a spring acting against the plunger to apply a forward thrust thereto, the .plunger engaging the extractor, the engaging surfaces of the plunger and the extractor being of cam form.

the breech-block and to the extractor pin on exploslon of gers andthe extractor being of cam form,

and a screw tapped through the breech-block to engage the plunger to effect thereby ad= justment of the extractor.

13. A fire arm comprising a frame, a breech-block, a iiring pin carried by the breech-block', an extractor against the front end of the breech-block, having on its rear side a lug, the breech-block having a cut to freely receive the lug, the bottom of the 'extractor havingla cam surface, a plunger, the breech-block aving a bore in which said plunger 1s laterally adjustable, the plunger having at its front end a cam surface to en'- gage that on the extractor, a spring in the bore to engage the rear end of the plunger,

gagement of the ring pin andthe extractor` on recoil of the breech-block.

14. A ire arm com rising a frame, a breech block, alatera y 'immovable` ring pin carried by the breech block, an extractor also carried by thebreech with the ring pin when the red to clamp the shell`,fmeans the extractor `to inove rearwardly to effect such coaction, and independent means for positively 'separating the shell from the joint clamping engagemento-f the fringpin and the extractor on recoil ofthebreech block.

15. A fire arm comprising a frame, a breech block, a iring pin carried by the breech block, an extractor also the breech block, meansjfor applying a thrust to the. extractor toward the rear of the breech-block to cause it to clamp the shell against the firing both on the same side of the shell, and 1ndependent means for positively separating the shell from the, joint clamping engagement of the firing pm on recoil vof the breech block.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.l

JOHN' M. BRoWNiNe.

cartridge is block to coact carried by f end of the firing pin for lcausing