US1371205A

US1371205A - Factory air-clarifier and fume-collector

Info

Publication number: US1371205A
Application number: US361281A
Authority: US
Inventors: Nashlund Axel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-02-25
Filing date: 1920-02-25
Publication date: 1921-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 1938-03-08

Description

A. NASHLUND.

FACTORY AIR CLARIFIER AND FUME COLLECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25, 1920. v 1,371,205. Patented Mar. 8,1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

l f I NN 2 1 g T0 SEWER A. NASHLUND. FACTORY AIR CLARIFIER AND FUME COLLECTOR.

' APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25 I920. 1,371,205, Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

s SHE ETSSHEET 2.

A. NASHLUND.

FACTORY MR CLARIFIER AND FUME COLLECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25,1920- 1,371,205, Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- C i ulllllllu 1 mes.

AXEL NASHL'U'Nl), OF M ARQUETTE, MICHIGAN.

FACTORY AIR-CLAIRIIFIER AND FUME-GOLLECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

Application filed. February 25, 1 920. Serial No. 861,281.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AXEL NASHLUND, subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Mar-' will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates primarily to a method and apparatus for protecting employees of factories or plants from the 1njurious efiects of the difierent chemicals and gases and obnoxious and in urious odors which escape during the production of certain products, and the preparing and concentrating of certain materials with partlcular reference to the manufacture of sulfuric acid, alcohol, creosote, formaldehyde and the like. The invention also contemplates a, recovery of the escaping fumes and the subsequent utilization thereof. Many chemicals and gases formed in the making of the various substances are very injurious to the health of those engaged in the manufacture of such products, effecting not only the skin, but the throat and various other organs of the body. These fumes are also detrimental to ve etation in the vicinities of the factories or p ants and oftentimes result in the total extinction thereof. It is to obviate the foregoing v injurious effects above related that the apparatus, to be hereinafter more fully referred to, has been devised, forming the subject of this application, which apparatus will collect and remove all gaseous fumes and either dispose of them into a sewer or the like, or collect and recover the same for further disposition or use.

Briefly stated, the invention comprises a metallic casing or shell adapted to completely inclose a still, column, retort, or the like, used in the manufacture of the difierent acids, and chemicals, from which it is desired to collect and recover the escaping fumes. This casin is constructed of a series" of over-lapplng doors, or sections, forming the sides thereof, and a conical shaped top, which extends slightly beyond the sides leaving a space therebetween. Supporting this top and arranged diametrically opposite are two vertical suction pipes, or standards, to which the doors are hinged.

said product. it can be used to a These pipes are provided with perforations This increase in size of the holes increases the c1rculat1on caused by the fan, but is only necessary where a very high still or column is used. These suction pipes extend beyond thetop of the casing and are connected to a plpe running to a fan. The top of the casing is also provided with a. p pe outlet which is connected to this same pipe.

Detachably secured to the outside of the column or still are suction pipes arranged on each side of the doors or closures in said still in order to catch the fumes that escape from these closures. grouped at the top and center of the column and their upper ends are preferably enlarged or funnel-shape and when in posit1on are under the pipe outlet in the top of the casing.

The fumes that are drawn ofi, during the operation of the device, by the fan, are conducted to a receiving chamber or'receptacle, preferably placed under ground. This chamber is provided with outlet openin s, one connected to a sewer or the like, providmg a dischar e or waste, and the other connected to aplpe line, which line is in turn These pipes are connected to a series of receptacles or tanks.

by the condensing of the fumes on the way to the receiving chamber is not desired, it may be discharged through the waste pipe into the sewer, but if it is desired to save ood advantage by drawin it off into t e tanks above mentioned. hese tanks ordinarily will contain a quantity of a similar liquid, but of a much weaker condition and the liquid drawn off from the receiving receptacle can be used advantageously for increasing the strength of this weaker liquid to the desired degree.

The apparatus particularly adapted for carrying on this operation or process is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which,

Figure 1 shows the general arrangement of the complete apparatus.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view, and Fig. 4 is a view/of the main pant of the apparatus with the cover removed.

eferring ,tothe drawings in detail in which like numerals refer to like partsthroughout the several views, 1 is'the casing,

and the bottom edge of the cover. It will be also noted that the casing is supported slightly above the ground level. These standards not only act as supports, but are provided with openings 6 on their 1n ner sides and are connected to a pipe 7 running to an exhaust fan 8. An opening 1s provided in the cover 5 to which is connected an exhaust pipe 9, also connected to fan 8 by way of pipe 7, and positioned between plpe 7 and fan 8 is a regulating valve 8'. I

The casing 1 is preferably made circular and is constructed of a series of doors or sections 9, said doors being hinged at a point.

adjoining the standards 3 and are provided with fastening means 10. In one or more of the hinged sections there is provlded sight openings'll for the purpose of examining the inside of the apparatus when desired without opening the casing. In the cover 5 there is an opening provided with a hlnged door 12, allowing the insertion of a plpe running to the still for feedmg sald still.

Secured to the inside of the casing by suitable means are a series of flaps or heaters 13, preferably made of wool or similar material, to withstand the action of the acid fumes. These flaps or beaters are arranged adjoinin the openings in the casing and around t e various pipe outlets for the purpose to be hereinafter referred to.

Detachably su ported on the still 2 are ipes 14 provide with holes or openings 15. hese pipes are placed adjoining the doors or closures 16 of the still, grouped at the top thereof and secured together by a clamp or similar'device 17. The lower ends of these pipes are closed and the upper ends thereof are enlarged or funnel-shape as shown at 18. It will be noted that the enlarged ends of these pipes are directly beneath and adjoining the outlet pipe 9' of the cover 5. Connecting the fan'8 with a receiving chamber 19 is a pipe or conduit 20. This chamber is placed well under ground and is surrounded with a substantial layer of charcoal and may be made of wood lined with lead or the like, but it is preferably made of vitreous material. The pipe 20 enters the chamber and extends well into the same and the end of said pipe is pro vided with apertures or openings 21. At a point substantially at the bottom of the chamber is an outlet or waste pipe 22, provided with a valve 23 leading to a sewer or other waste receiving means. Positioned slightly above the bottom of the chamber is an outlet pipe 24 connected to a supply line 25 which line is in turn connected to a series of receiving tanks 26 by suitable valves 27 It is to be understood that the various parts of this apparatus, subject to the action of the fumes and acids, are to be constructed of material to withstand the action of said fumes or acids.

During the operation of the apparatus the casing 1 being in position surrounding the still 2 and the various exhaust pipes being connected to the fan 8, the fan is set in motion creating a suction in the

pipes

7 and 9 and standards 3 and at the same time in View of the fact that the pipes 14 are directly beneath the exhaust pipe 9, a suction will also be created in said pipes 14. As the air is exhausted from these pipes, a circulation is maintained within the casing causing the agitation of the flaps or boaters and keeping the air within said casing in motion. As hereinbefore stated, these flaps or boaters are positioned adjacent the openings in the casing and are so placed to prevent the gas from escaping at these openings byt lriving said gases therefrom. The pipes 14 be ng arranged near the doors or closures of-thesstill, most of the gas escaping from around these closures will be collected and takencare of by said pipes and exhausted from the top thereof through the pipe 9'. All gases or fumes which are not completely exhausted by these pipes are retained by the casing 1 and exhausted therefrom through the openings 6 in the standards 3. As hereinbefore stated, the standards 3 and central exhaust 9 are both connected to a common suction pipe 7 running to the fan 8. As the fumes and gases are withdrawn from the casmg and around the still by the fan 8, they are conducted to a receiving chamber 19, being condensed on the way, and the resulting liquid .can be disposed of through the waste pipe into the sewer.

If it be desired to save this resulting liquid, the same can be conducted to receiving tanks containing similar liquid but of a reduced strength, the said resulting liquid being advantageously conducted into said tanks to increase the strength of said liquid contained therein to a desired degree. Obviously, this liquid may be recovered in empty tanks provided for the purpose instead of being used to strengthen a similar liquid of a weaker strength.

Applicant has only shown his apparatus in connection with a single still or column, but it'is to be understood that in the ordi nary practice these stills or columns are arranged in numbers and under these conditions, of course, it is simply a matter of duplicating the arrangement for each still or column. Of course, it will be apparent that additional tie rods or braces may be used for supporting the casing where it will be found necessary in a large apparatus.

What I claim is:

1. An apparatus for the recovery of fumes from stills, columns, retorts, and the like, comprising a casing surrounding said still, column, or retort,means for maintaining a circulation of air through said casing, and means of agitating the air within said cas- 3 An apparatus for the recovery of fumes from stills, columns, reto'rts, and the like, comprising a casing surrounding said still, column, or retort, means for maintaining a circulation of air throu h said casing, and flexible flaps or beaters or agitating the air within said casing.

3. An apparatus for the recovery of fumes from stills, columns, retorts and the like,

comprising a casing surrounding said still or column, means carried by said still or column for collecting the fumesescaping therefrom and means for creating a suction in said fume collecting means.

. 4. An apparatus for the recovery of fumes from stills, columns, retorts and the like,

comprising a casing therefor, means carried by both the casing and the still or column for collecting the fumes escaping from said still or column and means for creating a suction in said fume collecting means.

5. An apparatus for the recovery of fumes from stills, columns, retorts, or the like, comprising a casing therefor, means located near the closures in said stills for collecting the fumes escaping therefrom, means associated with the casing for agitating the air and fumes within said casing and means for creating a suction in both the casing and the fume collecting means carried by the still.

6. An apparatus for the recovery of fumes from stills, columns, retorts, and the like, comprising a casing therefor, perforated pipes carried by the still, located near the closures thereof, perforated pipes positioned within the casing and means for creating a suction in both sets of pipes.

7. In an apparatus for the recovery of fumes, the combination with a still or the like, of a cylindrical casing, hollow standards for said casing, base supports for said standards, the bottom edge of said casing elevated above saidbase support, a cover or top for said casing, an annular space separating the casing from the top, perforations in said standards and means for creating a suction in said standards.

8. In an apparatus for the recovery of fumes, the combination with a still or the like, of a cylindrical casing therefor, hollow standards for said casing, base supports for said standards, the bottom edge of said tom edge of said casing elevated above said base support, a. cover or top for said casing, an annular space separating the casing from the top, an outlet 1n the top of said cover, an exhaust pipe connected with said outlet, plpes connecting said outlet pipe and holow standards, and means for creating a suction in said pipes.

10. In an apparatus for the recovery of fumes, the combination with a still or the like, of a cylindrical casing therefor, hollow perforated standards for said casing, base supports for said standards, a cover or top for said casing, an outlet in the top,

exhaust pipes connecting said outlet and hollow standards, perforated pipes carried by the still adjacent the closures thereof, extending upwardly and converging at the top of said still communicating with the exhaust outlet in the top of the casing and means for creatin a suction in said exhaust pipes.

11. 11 an apparatus for the recovery of fumes, the combination with a still or the like, of a cylindrical casing therefor, said casing comprising hinged sections, a cover or top for said casing, pipe openings in said top, flaps or boaters on the inside of said casing encircling said pipe openings and adjacent the joints of the hinged sections, and means for causing a circulation of air through the casing and the operation of the flaps or heaters.

12. In an apparatus for the recovery of fumes, the combination with a still or the like, of a cylindrical casing therefor, said casmg comprising overlapping hinged sectlons, a cover or top for said casing, pipe openings in said top, perforated pipes carried by the still adjacent the closures thereof extending upwardly and converging at the top of said still, communicating with one of the pipe openings in the top of the casing, flaps or beaters on the inside of said casing encircling said pipe openings and adj acent the joints of the hinged sections, and means for creating a suction in the "pipes carried by the still, causing a circulation of air through the casing, and the operation of the flaps or beaters.

13. In an apparatus for the recovery of fumes, the combination with a still or, the like, of a cylindrical casing therefor, provided with sight openings, said casing comprising overlapping hinged sections, hollow perforated standards for said casing, base supports for the standard, the bottom edge of said casing elevated above said base support, a cover for the casing, an outlet-in said cover, an annular space separating the easlng from the cover, perforated pipes carried by the still adjacent the closures thereof extending upwardly and converging at the top of said still communicating with the outlet in the cover, flaps or beaters on the tion in the hollow standards and the pipes carried by the still, causing a circulation of air through the casing and operating the 20 flap o-r beater.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AXEL NASHLUN D.

Witnesses:

OSCAR VON ZELLEN, K. CLYDE Cnurr.