US1370735A - Aerial system for wireless signaling - Google Patents

Aerial system for wireless signaling Download PDF

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Publication number
US1370735A
US1370735A US1370735DA US1370735A US 1370735 A US1370735 A US 1370735A US 1370735D A US1370735D A US 1370735DA US 1370735 A US1370735 A US 1370735A
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Prior art keywords
aerials
systems
circuits
wave length
fraction
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path

Definitions

  • the combination provides a system which has a maximum receivin power in one d1- rection in the plane of the system, zero at right angles, and zero in the opposite direction inthe plane of the system, or in any direction desired between this opposite d1- rection and the direction at right angles, but
  • the two framesforming the doubleframe I may be combined with the single frame in several ways. They may be tuned independently and combined through mistuned circuits as described in Patent 1,322,101.
  • the polar curve of the double frame may be varied at will and can be made more nearly identical, both in the horizontal and vertical planes, with one side of the polar curve of the single frame; and by superimposing the two polar curves, as before a more perfect cancellation in all directions at the back of the station is obtained.
  • each system erects the systems each with a small spacing compared with the wave length at a fraction of a wave length apart one behind the other preferably in the line of the desired commumcation.
  • the aerials of each system are combined by suitable phasing circuits so as to obtain similar polar curves from each system.
  • the resulting currents from eachsystem are then The oscillations resulting in brought by properly arranged wires and arranged to act through additional phasing circuits on a common receiver.
  • the resulting polar curve for the combined systems is much better than can be obtained from each system by itself. It is sharper in the direction toward the distant transmitting station and gives nearly complete cancellation in all directions, both vertically and horizontally, at the back of the station.
  • each system may be vertical aerials or frame aerials or combinations of these: It is ad vantageous, particularly for duplex work, that each aerial be two frame aerials at right angles to each other connected up to a radiogoniometer. V
  • Figure 1' is a diagram of circuits in accordance with the invention.
  • V l Fig. 2 is the polar curve of reception of one half of the system.
  • Fig. 3 is the polar curve of reception of the two halves combined. 1 v
  • Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings which figure shows the combination of two systems, each system consisting of two frame aerials spaced a fraction of a wave length apart.
  • effeet-this is thecombination of two s stems such as described in specification atent 1,322,101.
  • the four frame aerials A, B, C, D, are erected inthe same vertical plane, and as nearly as is practicable in the line of the desired communication.
  • a and.v B are combined as one system, and C and D as a similar system.
  • AB and CD are then combined together.
  • the aerials A and B are combined through tuned circuits E and F coupled to them and preferably formed of horizontal wires, properly screened to eliminate all influence except from the aerials, inductance coils at each end and adjustable condensers for tuning.
  • Aerials C and D are similarly combined through the circuits G and H.
  • the coils I and J of circuits E and F are both coupled to coil M of circuit 0 and the coils K and L of circuits G and H are both coupled to coil N of circuit P.
  • the circuits 0 and P combine the systems AB and CD and also may consist of properly screened horizontal wires and the necessary tuning elements.
  • the coils Q and R of the circuits 0 and P are both coupled to a coil S which is connected to a suitable amplifier.
  • the spacing between the frame aerials A, B, C and D may be small and is only limited by the degree of amplification practically attainable. Good results have so far been obtained down to one thirtieth of the wave length. For illustration I assume the spacing between A, B, C and D, to be one twentyfourth of the wave length.
  • circuit E is mistuned so as to advance the phase of the induced oscilla tions 7idegrees and circuit F mistuned so as to retard the phase of the induced oscillations 7% de rees, then waves coming from the direction DA will produce oscillations in E and F of exactly opposite phase, and no current will result therefrom in circuit 0 if the couplings are correctly adjusted; while waves coming from direction AB will produce oscillations in E and F which are 30 degrees out of phase and will therefore produce oscillations in circuit 0.
  • This curve shows two loops toward the back of the station which have a maximum at 120 degrees from the direction AD; as
  • the distance between the centers of the systems AB and CD is one twelfth wave length
  • circuits 0 and P which are 15 degrees out of phase, and by reversing the connection of one circuit can be made 165 degrees out of phase. If therefore circuit 0 is mistuned so as to advance the phase of the induced oscillations 7% degrees and circuit P mistuned so as to retard the phase 7% degrees, then waves arriving from this direction 120 degrees from AD will produce oscillations in circuits 0 and P of exactly opposite phase and if the couplings are correctly adjusted will produce no effect on the coil S and the amplifier.
  • the combined systems will therefore receive best from the direction AD and will give zero reception from directions 90 degrees, 120 degrees and 180 degrees from AD.
  • the polar curve for the combined systems in the horizontal plane is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the curve shows that a great advantage is gained by combining two systems as described.
  • the maximum receiving power of the system in any direction at the back of the station is only 1.65 9 of the receiving power in the direction AD.
  • the system can be given zero receiving power in six directions which are controllable.
  • phase shifting devices are very convenient; particularly for damped waves. This method is not essential to the system. For continuous wave reception especially any of the well known phase shifting devices may be employed.
  • the comb nation of a plurality of aerials effectively separated a fraction of a wa e length, means for combining said aerials into a plurality of directional systems, the aerials comprising each system being effectively separated a fraction of a wave length and the systems also being effectively separated a fraction of a wave length and means for combining the systems.
  • each system comprising two directional aerials effectively separated a fraction of a wave length and means for combining the aerials of each system to produce increased directivity, and means for combiningthe systems to produce further increased directivity.
  • each system comprising a plurality of directional aerials also e'il'ectively separated a fraction of a wave length, means for combining the aerials of each system to produce increased directivity and means for combining the systems to produce greater directivity for the combined systems.
  • each system comprising two directional aerials effectively separated a fraction of a wave length, means for combining the aerials of each system to produce increased directivity, and means for combining the systems to produce a greater directivity for'the combined systems.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
US1370735D 1919-09-24 Aerial system for wireless signaling Expired - Lifetime US1370735A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB23510/19A GB158927A (en) 1919-09-24 1919-09-24 Improvements in aerial systems employed in wireless signalling

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1370735A true US1370735A (en) 1921-03-08

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ID=10196771

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US1370735D Expired - Lifetime US1370735A (en) 1919-09-24 Aerial system for wireless signaling

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US1370735A (https=)
DE (1) DE383450C (https=)
FR (1) FR524779A (https=)
GB (1) GB158927A (https=)
NL (1) NL9010C (https=)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3267472A (en) * 1960-07-20 1966-08-16 Litton Systems Inc Variable aperture antenna system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2100994B1 (https=) * 1970-08-04 1976-04-16 Int Standard Electric Corp

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3267472A (en) * 1960-07-20 1966-08-16 Litton Systems Inc Variable aperture antenna system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR524779A (fr) 1921-09-10
DE383450C (de) 1923-10-13
NL9010C (https=)
GB158927A (en) 1921-02-24

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