US1369880A - Train-control apparatus - Google Patents

Description

AJ. aooKlNs. TRAIN` CONTROL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1918'.

A. J. BHOOKINS.

TRAIN CONTROL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAII.6, 1918.

1,369,880. f Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

VWX/2655: [Mae/N021' 52M a ndrew JBFOOACIHS.

WM Tum@ A. l. BROOKINS.

TRAIN CONTROL APPARATUS. APPLICATIQN HLEDl MM. 6, 191s.

l 1,369,880, Patea Mar. 1,1921,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

)1r/C75 M NA6.

5j /wmqu bz2/enton- CQMW mirew roofz'ram Wizness:

A. J. BROOKINS.

TRAIN CONTROL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 191s.

1,369,880. Patented Mar. 1, 1921'.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

A. l. BROOKINS. TRAIN CONTROL APPARATUS;

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1918- Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

l. l ,1mm

inventor: flndrew Jroo k1 715i.-

entre srar ANDREVJ J. BROOKINS, 0F BUXTON, IOWA.

TRAIl-CONTROL APARATUS.

Lacasse.

' Y 10 all whom it may concern.'

Ee it known that I, ANDREW J. BizooKiNs,

i a resident of Buxton, in the county of Montivel or motor car in position to be observedl by the engineer or motor man, with energizing means, also located in said cab or motor, and co-acting with andopera-ted by mechanical and electrical installations including and alongside the rails of a railroad track which is divided into blocks vby suitable insulation.

.Among the objects of this invention are, to obtain improved, automatically actuated, signal devices which continuously exhibit to a person in the cab wherein it is located, the condition, (relative to its being clear or occupied), of the track of the block on which Y the cab or car is about to enter, or entering,

and also the said condition of the next block in advance of said one entered, orabout to be entered, upon; to obtain an improved de vicev of the kind named which requires no considerable change in' the track installation already iii use in what is known as block system of automatic electric singals; to obtain a device which, under-.determined conditions hereinafter set forth, automatically applies brakes to a train which is applicable to a single track, on which trains are open ated in opposite directions, and a device which is certain in operation, not liable to to be broken or to get out of order, and which, if not in operative condition, willi not give a clearusignal Additional objects are disclosed in the v drawings, specification and claims hereof.

In the drawings referred to,`

Figure l is a diagrammatic view ofsev.`

eral blocks or sections'of a railway, track and track side installations.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one vof thev duplicate ramps which are elements of the installation indicated in. Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale; and l Y Fig. 3 is an end elevation of said ramp, a side elevation of an attaching clamp, and across sectional view of a rail of the track.

Specification of Letters Patent.

o Patenten Mar. i, '1921.

Application filed 'March V6, i915. Serial No. 220,729.

.n Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a signal and air pipe controlling device which is mounted on a motor car, or engine cab, land mechanically operated by the sliding contact of the shoe thereof with a-ramp.

Fig. 5, isa top plan View of the control-Y ling device which lis illustrated in section in Fig. 4, with the jaws carrying the armav 4tures of the electromagnets `which are elements ofthe device,in mechanically placed position, (by the raising of the plunger), and the coils of the said magnet not energiZed. 'i

with the coils of the electromagnet energized yand the jaws carrying the armature of said Fig. 6, is a view similar to that in Fig. 5,

Fig. 11, is an end view of theY lever of',

an engineers brake valve and of a link connecting said lever to an airvalve and electric switch which form elements of a construction whichembodies ,this invention, j

showing said valve in section.

. Fig. 12, is a top plan View of said link.

Fig. 13, is a plan view of a modifiedform of the link illustratedin Figsll and 12 and i of a lever of an engineers brake valve, showingan electric switch andan air valve .(in

horizontal section) controlled by said link; and'` Fig. 14, represents in. side elevation a manually loperated switch which, particularly in passenger service, forms an ele- Y ment ofthe mechanism illustrated in Fig. 4.

A reference character applied to designate j a given part indicates. said part throughout the several figures of the drawing wherever the same appears;

Co-acting with the installations embodying this invention areV theV usual track installa-tions, which respectively comprise the yrails of a block, the coils of an electro-*magnet which 'is yarranged to normally hold its armature ina pre-determined position, and thereby control the position of a movable conductor, and a battery or other means to energize the circuit formed bysaid rails, said coils' and said energizing` means. 'The several elements of the track installations are, as usual, so related that when a body Which is provided with suitable electric connecting members, (as Wheels and axles which are electric conductors,) moves on to the rails of the track the coils of the electromagnet are shunted, and When shunted are not of sufficient force to hold the armature thereof in its normal position. Said circuit is also arranged so that said holding of said armature in normal position requires electric continuity in the rails of the block, and energizable condition in said battery (or other electric generator).

In an embodiment .of this invention, the track side installation which is required to co-act With the herein illustrated and described installation on the engine, motor car, or other-track riding moving body, comprises a four part rail in each section or block of the railway, Which rail is secured alongside the track to serve as a ramp rail, or ramp, as it is usually termed. The several parts or sections of each ramp are insulated from each other, as Well as from the ground, and the upper (operative) faces of said sections from the ends of the ramp as they approach the center, in Whatever direction said moving body is traveling,

Yare positioned in upwardly inclined planes,

so that, as the Aco-acting shoe Which is mounted on a moving body traveling over the rails of the track comes in contact With la ramp it will be raised by said ramp until it arrives midway thereof, after Which it will descend until, as it leaves the ramp, it Will be in the same position as when it entered thereon, relative to the mechanism on said moving body Which is adjacent to said shoe.

Said trackside installations respectively comprise a generator, t conductors, (which include the descending sections of ramps), movable conductors, (which are controlledL by the armatures ot' the electro-magnets in the track circuits), and additional elements which are illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter described.

The movable conductors are normally in electric continuity with and form a partv of the trackside conductors, being arranged to be moved and break vsaid continuity on the movement of said armatures, as by a spring or Weight, then said electro-magnets are shunted.

4The installations in the bodies which are movabley onrthe rails of a block of the v track, hereinafter termed the cab installations, illustrated in the drawings and hererlhe trackside installations thus include generators and electric conductors, (comprising ramps and movable conductors), which are adapted to become elements ot electric circuits that include cab installa-g tions; the traekside.conductors of said circuits beinff continuous so long as the ycoils oit the electro-magnets of the track circuits are not shunted, and broken when said coils are shunted; and, said trackside conductors being continuous, said circuits are closed and venergized When a shoe which is an element ci a cab installation arrives at and .ioves on the descending sections of a ramp.

From the foregoing nam-cd installations it occurs that the track and the trackside installations are so constructed that the electrical conditions of the descending sections oir a ramp which is about to be engaged by a shoe of a movino` body are controlled by the conditions, as to being in goed order, clearl or cccupied) of determined blocks in advance 'oiE said ramp.

Vrind that, ina single track system a plurality oit ramps are so installed that from Whichever end or" said blocka moving body is approaching,'the electrical conditions ot the descending sections oi' said ramp is controlled by the cgood order, clear or occupied7 conditions of said blocks, in advance ci the moving body.

Bythe hereinafter described installations and mechanisms, under clear conditions ot given blocks, inV a double track system, the descending sections ot a ramp not less than tivo blocks from Vsaid given blocks,V

(on the opposite end thereof from which the train is designed to approach), are elements of trackside installations of which the electric conductors are continuous; and in a single track system the descending sections of ramps positioned at both ends or sides oit said given blocks, and not less than tivo blocks therefrom, are elements of' trackside installations ol which the tracksideconductors are continuous; and hence` said descending` sections of said ramps and the cab installations of an approaching moving body, will bein a closed and energized circuit as and if'hen the shoe of said cab installation contacts with and moves on said sections. i

Under caution conditions of said given blocks, and under the last above named conditions ci: an approaching moving body, the one ot said descending sections 01"' said ramp (or ramps), which is nearest the summit thereof Will not, and the remaining descending section thereof Will, be in a closedand energized circuit. l

Under' danger conditions of said given blocks, neitherV descending section of said ramp (or ramps) will be in an energizable condition, and no element of the cab installation Will'be electrically energized.

Briefly, in a double track system installation, under signal conditions of given blocks, the descending sections of a vramp Which is in advance of a moving body approaching said blocks from a determined direction, and in a single track system installation the descending sections of an additional ramp on the opposite endsvof said blocks and in advance of a moving body approachingl said opposite ends of said blocks, are in electrical condition to be energized by. trackside batteries, as shoes of the cab installation of a moving body contact therewith. That is, in a single track system installation, blocks'controlling the electrical condition of opposite halves of tivo ramps, (said halves comprising descending sections only), are arranged so that, from whichever direction a body on the rails of the track approaches said blocks, the signal conditions control the electrical condition of the descending and operating sections.

To permit trains in both directions to be operated under this apparatus, both the ascending and the descendin sections of the several ramps are electrical y controlled by the trackside installation; but With a train moving in a given direction on the track it is immaterial Whether the ascending sections are energized or not, as said ascending sections are for the purpose of mechanically operating the shoe and, When said shoe has .come into contact With the lower end of the plunger upon leaving a ramp; and that position is determined by track signal conditions existing at the time the shoe is on the descending side of a ramp. As .the shoe moves over the ascending face of a ramp the plunger is forced up by said shoe from the position in which it is when the train approaches the ramp to attention position. 1f the plunger is on danger the caution lamp becomes the first attention si nal. 4The clear lamp becomes an additional attention signal; and the Whistle as the shoe reaches the apex of the ramp becomes a third attention? signal. It the track is in normal condition, which is clear, and the signal. clear is displayed as the train approaches a ramp, the attention si nal Will simply be a brief sound on the Whistle; because the .invention is'to destroy any and all previous signal indications at each ramp, and a plurality of rapid lightings and eXtinguishings of lamps as a ramp is passed, (occurring When a danger or caution signal is. displayed prior to arriving at a giveniramp), gives positive assurance that the Vapparatus .is f

functioning properly. f

By the raising of the shoeas it travels on the ascending face of a ramp theiface' of'A said shoe in contact With the ramp becomes cleaned, so'that good electrical contact be tween said shoe and ramp occurs as said shoe moves down the incline 4from the highest point of said ramp.

AB indicates a ramp comprising sections a, al, Z), 51, Which areseparated by insulating` material C, and are mounted on clamps D, (see Figs. 2 and 3), from Which-they are electrically separated by insulation d. In each section, or block, the clamp D is secured to the rail E, as by the movable javv (Z1 and bolt d, (see Fig. 3), so that the relative andparallel position of the ramp AB and therail E is obtained. As is usually done, each block of therailroad' track (indicated by numerals 1, 2, 3`aud t, respectively,

Vin Fig.v 1), are provided With batteriesivhich are indicated and lettered 1", 2a, 3a, ande, respectively.

rhe several parts of the track and track.- side installation which are diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1, are indicated by numerals which designate the block in which the element or memberis locatedfandI an index letter to said numerals, respectively,

. Which designates said element, it being understood that the sameelements are installed Y in every block and designated with the same index letter appliedto a numeral ,designat-V ing the block. Y

ln each block lozt the trackf installation a Vrelay comprising an electro-magnet is installed, such magnet, in block 2 being indicated by the character 2b, and in blocks 1 and 3 by the characters 1 and 3b, respectively, as abovesuggested, and the coils oi these magnets are connected to ,the rails ot the track by conductors,'which are indicated in blocks 1,V Q and 3 by the lines designatedv by the characters 1a, 1d, 2C, 2d, and 3, 3d.

YThe coils of these electro-magnets are energized When a block is clearf Vby the batterres la, etc., and are shunted, or short cirfcuited, when a motor, enginev or body which is provided with a metal conductor in con- .tact with both rails ot the track, is on said vblocks.4

Go'facting With said l'electro-Inagnets are movable,electroconductors which are mounted on or connected to the armatures of said magnets. Such devices being well known in the art and in common use in automatic sig'- nal systems as now constructed, they are diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, and arenot otherwise illustrated.

In blocks 1, 2 and 3 these movable conductors,l controlled by armatures, as recited,fare indicated by reference characters 1e, 1f, 2e, 2f, and 3e, 3f. When Vthe magnets are energized by the track batteries of the block in which they are positioned, these movable conductors form members of electric circuits which are broken on the shunting of the coil of the said magnet, or the removal of a rail of said block.

The y circuits last above referred to, in which the movable conductors 1, lf, in block 1; 2e, 2f, in block 2; and 3e, 3f in block 3, and so on, are members, Vare respectively adapted to energize a ramp, as in previously i 'made trackside installations, but in the trackside installations required in the embodiment of this invention, each ramp being, (ashereinbefore stated), formed of four parts or sections, two thereof ascending` and two descending, relative to an approaching body, the said circuits are arranged to energize the descending sections of aramp, (relative to said approaching body), which are positioned in a block in advance of the blocks by which said magnets are controlled. It is immaterial whether the ascending sections of a ramp are energized, as said ascending Asections mechanically' operate the shoe traveling thereover, and, said sections being energized, the only effect thereof is to draw, or attract, the` armatures of-cab carried electro-magnets, and the ascent of said shoe and plunger mechanically forces said armatures from said electro-magnets.

When the coils of electromagnets positioned in blocks in advance of an approaching train, or body, are energized sufficiently to attract the armatures thereof, said members (say 2e, 2f,) are in contact with contact points 2g, 2h, respectively; and 2i` represents a battery which is adapted to energize the track side circuits 0f which said members are elements. 2, Fig. 1, indicates a conductor which connects movable conductor 2e with station 2, and 2J',L represents a conductor from station 2 electrically connecting movable conductor 2e and section al of the ramp` 0f block 3. Tapped into this conductor 2j is the circuit controller Y, operated Y Vby a signal, (y) and from a point (y1) in said controller Y, conductor 211 extends to section a of said ramp in block 3. This circuit controller Y, provided with a signal, (g/)f and point or terminal ((2/1), is well known and in common use in automaticl c block Vsignal systems, .and is diagrammatr -of movable conductors 1f, 2f, 3f.

cally .indicated in Fig. 1, not being otherwise illustrated. i

Also, illustrated as electrically connected to movable conductor 2e, (by tapping into station 2) is conductor -2J`, electrically ductor -211 extends to section b of said ramp in block 1. Vhen either of said signals assumes the caution aspect, .its circuit controller (Y, or Y), is operated by the sigc nal mechanism, to open the electric circuit controlled thereby.

1k, 2k, and 3k, respectively, represent conductors which are connected at one end to contact points 1g, 2g, 3g, and at the other end to the positive sides of batteries 1i, 2i, 3i; and 11, 21, 31, respectively, represent conductors which are attached at one end to the negative side of said batteries and at the other end to contact points 1h, 2, 2 and 311 2p indicates a conductor which connects movable conductor 2t with station 2q. y

Tapped into station 2q are the `conductors 2m, and -2: conductor 2m extending toa rail of the track in block 3, and conductor 2m extending to a rail of the track in block 1, with whichsaid rails said conductors are in electrical contact. Y

1e, 1f, and 3C, 3f, are respectively movable electric conductors, controlled `by thelarmatures of the electro-magnets in the track circuits, which are indicated by numbers designating the blocks and an index, as above rccited, indicating the element or conductor. Conductors --3j and --3j, 'are the same elements in the track side installation of block 3 that conductors-2j and 21, represent in the trackside-installation of blockl 2. In blocks 1 and 4, (Fig. 1), X and X respectively represent a motor, engine, or other movable body on the rails of the track. The coils 0f the electro-magnet 1b, in block 1, are illustrated as not energized bythe battery 1a sulliciently to hold thereto the armature thereof, said coils being shunted or short circuited by car X5 hence the circuits controlled by said magnet are open; while blocks 2 and 3, not havingV a car or similar body thereon, and the coils of electro'- magnets 2b and 3b Hbeing sufliciently energized, the circuits controlled thereby are closed.

In block 2 the track circuit; starting from battery 2, comprises the upper rail, (as viewed in Fig. 1), ofthe track of block 2, conductor 2d, the coilsof the electro-magnet 2b, conductor 2c the lower rail of said block 2, and said battery 2a. The track Side installation of the circuits controlled thereby,

said controller is closed, as under clearl conditions, point y1, conductor 2jl and section a of said ramp in block 3. 'liey also comprise from station 20, conductor --2l and section 1 of the ramp in block l, controller -Y, which is tappedinto conductor 25,

the lower vrail of bloclrl, and conductor -2m, and thence as from the lower rail of vblocl; 3, back to battery 2i, and when said controller is closed, as illustrated, (incident to clear condition), point-y1, conductor -211, and section Z of said ramp in bloelrl.,

The sections o, al, of the ramp in block-3, and Z), b1, of the ramp in block l, are thus elements of a trackside installation which includes a battery 2i and a continuous conductor therefrom to said ramp, as in the last preceding paragraph traced. rlhe remaining elements of said last named circuits are installed in the moving body, or bodies, (X or 'X), and as either,l or both, of saidl bodies move, or moves, into blocks 1 or 3,

said circuits are completed and energized; `I d J1, the other end of said pipe extendingto and signals are given in said moving body to indicate the yconditions of the trackside 'cir-y cuits controlled by the relay in block 2, as is hereinafter fully described.

ln Figa a vertical sectional view of oneof duplicate mechanisms which are mounted on the motor, engine, or other n iovmg body which is adapted to travel on rails E, lis

given: and in said figure, F represents a shoe mounted on arms f, f, and having a plurality of members f1, f1, which are arranged to contact `with the several ramps AB. Shoe F, in Fig. Ll, is illustrated vin its eXtreme up ward position, as when raised by .contact with the apex of a ramp,A and the plunger (G), `of said mechanism is also illustrated,

in said figure, in its extreme upward `position. ',Z. Z1 represents the two part frame, shell or casing, of the mechanism illustrated in el, said partsbeing electrically separated by the insulation indicated by reference character Z2. FlungerG is longitudinally movable incasing vZand comprises a hollow portion,A or part, at thelower end thereof, in which is loosely mounted the lon;

gitudinally movable member g, which n is yieldingly held lin contact with the upper fare of shoe F, by spring g1. The upper end ofv said spring g1 abuts against valveV g2,

hence this spring yieldingly holds said valve closed on its port, as well as holding member g in contact with shoe F. ln case of the breaking of oneor both of the arms f, f,

whileshoe' F is not in contactwith a ramp member j] will be forced outof the plunger (i, and springl g1 and valve g2A will move downward, opening the port whichl at all A other times is closed by said valve. l' H, rep-v resents la piston whichis rigidly mounted on plunger Gr, and h, h, are piston ringson piston l-l.l Piston ll', isadapted to,y close the lower end of .cylindrical chamberl in casing Z.- I1, represents an additional chamber in casing Z, below said piston H,and I2 represents a gland permitting the plunger Gr to move longitudinally without loss of any air under pressure, which is containedjin said chamber' l1 (after'piston H moves beflow port J1). h1, h1, are apertures in plunger fi-, which communicate, respectively,

with the cylindrical chamber I, and with the port of valve g2. 3J, indicates an inlet port tothe .cylindrical chamber I, and jrepfV resents one end of aflexible (rubber), hose, which leads from the train pipe to said inlet port J. Jl, indicates an outlet port to the cylindrical vchamber I, which outlet port is closed by piston H Vwhen said piston is in a position as illustrated in Figs: 4 and 7 ;"V isv partially opened when saidpiston 1s in v,

the position in which it is illustrated inFig.

8, and is openedwhen said piston lis in the position inwliich it is illustrated iniFig. 9,r of the drawings. j1,represents one end' of a iipe, or conduit, attached to the outlet'port and adapted to discharge into signaling apparatus, which is particularly illustrated in Fig. l0 of the drawings, and hereinafter described. la represents a stutling box adapted to close the upper end of cylindrical chamber l, without interfering with longi' tudiiial movement of plunger G, and K represents a spring yieldingly holding the plunger G spring K, being compressed by the raising of the plunger'Gr to.the'position in which it isfillustrated in Fig. ll, by its" resiliency forces said plungerdownward from its said position inFig. d, tending toV hold the plun ger against the slice F, and valso'to hold said shoe against the ramp rail which has raised iooy i in the position thereof which is illustrated in Fig. 9 of the drawings. Said the shoe. The upper end (G1), of plunger j G is represented is insulated from the 'lower end of said plunger, by insulation Gif L represents a table provided'with an aperture throuv'li Awhich the up er end` G1 of o ip y. plunger G, loosely extends, and 1 is a p0rtion or part of tableL onv which-the jaws M, M, (Figs. 4, 5, and 6), carrying arma@l ture N of electro-magnet 0, rest. Jaws' M, M, are pivoted, as at m, and the free end of said jaws, when the same are closed, Vare in the path of movement of the beveled edge of part G1 of the plunger, andhence, as said' plunger is raised by shoe'F in ascending a ramp AB, said jaws are mechanically forced iasV - contacts R, R1. R2, R3, respectively.

apart out of said path orn movement, regardless of wheth-er or not the coils of electromagnet O are energized. The upper edge of end G1, is indicated as chamfered or beveled at G3 in Fig. 4, and the lower edge of jaws M with which said upper .end of the plunger lcomes in contact in its upward travel is also illustrated as beveled (see Figs. '7, 8, and 9). The upper end G1 is provided with the annular grooves or recesses?, P1. Said recesses are illustrated as undercut as at p. Q represents an electrical'contact 'member attached to the upper end G1-ot plunger G, and electrically insulated therefrom by insulation Q1. Q2 represents a brush on contact Q, and Q, Q', represent guides attached to the top or table Zfof partvZ1 of casing Z, but insiulated there'trom by insulation g1. The contact Q is in electrical contact with guides g, g. '92, represents an electrical conductor'which is attached toguide's g, g. R, R1, R2 and B3, represent electrical contacts with; which the brush Q2 is successively inv electrical contact, in the longitudinal movementv of plunger A. electrical conductors attached at one end to 1r. (Fig. l0), represents battery which is arranged to energize the several signals and control circuits contained in the engine, or cab, r1, represents a conductor from battery R1 to ground R1?. Conductors r, r1, r2, and r3, are illustrated as respectively extending to grounds Rg, R125, Rzg, Rag with signals RS,

R11, R25, andRS, interposed thereon; said i grounds Rg, R1g, R2g,R3g, and R, being the frame of the engine, or motor car, or cab. The electro-magnets C)V l, 5, and 6) are contained in frame S, and 4said frame is containedin part Z1, of casing Z. vVhenthe coilsot electro-magnets O are energized armatures N are attracted'thereby, and jaws M, M, are thereby closed on plunger' G, and in the descent of said plunger and the energizing of said coils at the time one'ol' the recesses,- P, P1, isin suitable position, closes said jaws into said recesses, and holds said l plunger suspended. 50

T representsA an electric conductor at.- tachedto shoe F, and to the base of casing Z; and T1 represents a similar conductor attached to casing Z and to the positive side of the coils of electro-magnets O. T2 represents aconductor attached to the negative side of said coils of electro-magnets O, and to top Z3 of casing Z. t represents a conductor from top Z3 to ground t1, said ground being the frame of the engine, motor, or cab. V.

In Fig. l() is illustrated an elevation of a signal apparatus, air releasing mechanism,

a controlling lever, and an electric governor, with a diagram of other members. The discharge pipe y1, from the cylindrical chamr, r1, r2, r3, representv ber I, in casing Z, (see Fig. 4), isftappedVV by the pipes a, a, and said pipes are closed by the valves a, a2, when said valves are seated. The normal position of valve uY is illustrated, being open, so that when the piston H descends to open poi-td.1 to the cylindrical chamber l, rairV from the trainj pipe flowing through flexible `pipe y', port'J, cylindrical chamber I, port J 1, vand pipe or conduit j1, into pipe u, may escape throughv the port with which said valve u 'co-acts, into pipe U, and to and through the whistle U', to sound the saine, as is indicated by the arrows which are designated by character Uf. The valve u2 alsois normallyv open and a similarilow of air may occur throughY pipe u, the port with which valve u2 lco-acts, and

said signal U. V

To enable the engineer to proceed yat a pre-determined speed when piston H is in the position illustrated in Fig. 9, and the air is flowing from the train pipe through the ports of valves u', u2, as last above described, I provide an electric governor, (seefFig. l0), which is illustrated ascomprising springs V1, V1, balls V2, V2, on v said springs, commutator rings V3, attached to one end of said springs,-and slidably movable on shaft V4, and brushes lV, W1. I also provide, from brush lV of this governor, the

.conductor 72, which extends to contacts lVVV; and fromv brush )V1 conductor 73, which extends to the coils of electro-inagnets which are indicated bythe rectangle and conductor W from said coils to ground VVGg. Also, there are provided armature VT, on `lever 78, the rocking bar 79, link 710, and lever 711. WhenV said lever W11 is in the position illustrated by tulll lines in Fig. 10, valves u, a?, may both be 'open and' said valve u is'necessarily open, with the stem Vthereotresting on lever W9; and valve a2 is'openV when the electro-magnet W5 is not energized, y(to draw its armature V71 and lever W8, upward). By moving said lever W11, into the position which is indicated by the/broken lines designated by the characterW12, the rocking bar lV", is moved on its pivot to raise the end of lever W8, (which rests thereon when the coils of electro-magnet W5 are not energized), so as to close valve u2 on its port, thereby preventing the flow of air through said port. When said valve u2 is closed, by movement of'lever 711, as last' above set forth, inthe event of the coils of electromagnet W75. being energized, said magnet will attract armature W1, andA maintain said lever V78 in its raised position; and so long as brushes W, V571, are in contact with the slidable commutator rings V3, said coils will be energized and said valve u2 will remain closedon its ports, after the lever W11 is` iso 1 Reg, `batter7 R1, conductor Rswitch R6, 'so

moved from said position into the position which is indicated by the broken lines designated )V112 Bythe last recitedV movement of lever W11, the rocking bar Vim 'is moved to raise the valve u to close its port,jthe stem of said valve, (as hereinbeiore recited) resting on vsaid lever. s l

Both of said valves Iu and a2 being closed, by the means and the4 above recited movements or" lever V11','the flow of air from the cylindrical chamber I,`through port J', pipe j', pipes u, and the ports of valves u', u2, is stopped; 'and the brakesof the train are released in the ordinary manner of releasing brakes when the if'lowof air from a train` pipe is stopped. The train may now proceed so long as sai'dvalves af, u2, are seated to close their respective ports; and they will remain so seated so long as the engineer retains his grasp on lever W11, holding it in theposition' indicatedbybroken lines W13 and the brushes WV, l/V1 are in contact with commutator rings V3. v Sorlong as the speed determined by the governor' iis not exceeded, the circuits comprising the contacts VW1, conductor W2, brush WV, rings. V3, brush W1, conductor W3, the. coils of electro-magnet W1, conductor W1, ground .Vg, ground conductor g2, the combined guide and'pconductor g, contact Q, brush g1 to said contact VW, are closed; but when the predetermined speed is exceeded the governor will operateV to slide commutator rings V3 on shaft V", out of contact with brushes W, V\71 The circuitwill be broken .b'yj-jsaid last `recited movementof commntator rings V3, and the electro-magnet W5', being thereby denergized, armature Vv/ T71 and lever W8, will fall,

permitting valvemu2 to become V'v1.iiispeated, whereupon a flow 'of'air will againV occur from the train pipe, as hereinbetore recited, lthrough pipes a, U, and signal U; theY brakes being 'thus again Vapplied the speed of the engine, or motor car, -will be slowed down. flVhen the governor moves commutator ringsV3 to electrically .connect brushes WV, V71, uponagain' repeating the movement ,or lever W11 into the position designated by )V12 and from there to W13, valves u1, u2, maybe again closed, the brakes released, land a forward movement of thev A engine resumed.

lt willbe observed'tliat tlievrfrecited manipulation of lever W11, to permit Vsaid forward movement of the train,e ngine, or motorcar, 'is necessitated only vwhen the plun-l ger G is in the position illustrated inFigs. 8 andA 9, (that is, caution or. danger). At said -timefwhen proceeding at not more than a predetermined rate 'of speed. valve a2 is held seated by electro magnet*l W5, and valve'u1. is held seated by lever W11 being maintainedi'in' the osition indicatedlby brokenV lines` W13. ence, if the'person in ments. Said magnet will thereupon release its' armature', allowing valvev u? to open. Should the indication at a ramp be caution, or danger, piston Huncovers outletrJ 1, and

air may escape through valves u1, u2, to ap ply brakes,- and said valves can only be closed by manipulatinglever W11, as-recited.

Y The car `mounted elements, shoe F, con-y ductor T, the lowerpart of casing Z, (it being made of electric conducting material) conductor Tf, the coils of electro mag-V net conductorT2,the upper end Z3., oi:I

casing @conductor @and ground 17,2 hereinbefor'e recited, complete the circuit' oi which the vtrack side installations illustrated in Fig.V l of the drawings, are 'elements ;V and when the operable sections of a ramp with which saidyshoe is in contact are energized, the electro-magnet O will be env-y ergized and jaws M, M, will be closed, to co-act, on the downward movementof plunger G, with vrecesses P, P', as said' plunger follows the downward movement' of shoe F, assaid shoe travels over the descending sections of a ramp. -As but tworsectionsoit' a ramp are electrically operable, (because .of

the mechanical' operation obtainedl by Vthe ascendingl sections)l in whichever direction a body is moving on the trackasaid jaws M, M, are moved in; intimedgrelation with recess Pon plunger G, t'o'engagetherewith'7 iic sectienia,(when thel engine, cab', or cariis moving' in one direction) or b, (when moving vin the opposite direction); isvenergized; and with recess P', (section tor being deenergized) if section 0,V or o", is energized. if botliV sections`V ot'- the electrically operable (on the descending side) sections ofl the ramp are deeiiergized jaws M will not be moved by said; electro-magnet, and henc will not' engage with either oftherecesses l), P, and'plunger G will move downward after passing the ramp, into the position which is illustratedy fdangerpositionj y Y ltfwill be 'seen,oii reference tolFifg. 4, that when the plungery Gis raised to its upward limit of travel, by shoe Fbeingon the apex oit' a'rramp, brush Q2 is in' electrical Contact with contact R; andby reference to Figsql, 7, 8, 9", and 10, that'whenfthe jaws M'engage with recess l), said plunger issus-V pended withsaid brush in electrical Ycontact with Contact R', (as Figs.' 7 and l0), and when said jaws are engaged with recess Pf, said brush is in'electrical contact with coniu Fig. 9, that-istinto lOO ' track, as by the j ar` of a heavy. engine, or by frost, the plunger G is arranged to travel upward beyond the point necessary to d1sengage the jaws M, M, vas the shoe moves over the apex of said ramp.

R4, Fig. l0, represents a battery which is arranged to energize the several signal circuits contained in the engine or cab. r4. represents a conductor from battery. R4 to ground R42. Conductorsr. r, r2, and r2, are illustrated as respectively extending to grounds, R2. R12, R22, R32, with signals R2,

R12, R22, and R22, interposed thereon.

When any of the circuits of .which con- V.tact Ris a member is closed, it is energized by battery R2, and. a signal Rs is energized. This occurs as every ramp is passed, at the time the shoe F, is midway of the ramp, and plungerl Gr is at its` highest point of travel; and said circuit consists of the conductor R, from battery'R4, switch R, conductor g2, guides g, contact Q, brush Q2, contact R, conductor 1', to ground Rg, Ground R42, conductor r4, and the battery IRR The signal Rywhich is interposed orcut into .conductor 0*, is thus energized at the passing of everyramp, and serves to call attention to the fact that entrance is being made on to a new block, andthe signals R12, R22, and R32, should be observed.

The respective circuits of which signalsl R,R22, and R22, are elements, includes the same elements from battery R4V tobrush Q2, as those in the last described circuit of which signal Rs is an element, and as plunger G descends they are successively closed, bythe successive bringing of said brush into electrical contact'with'the contacts R1, R2, and R3.

The circuit which includes signal R, starting from brush Q2, is, contact R1, conductora-1, to contact R1 of the duplicate device `which is installed on the engine, (or

cab), and from said contact, brush Q2, conductor rlto ground R12, ground RfS-cn` ductor 1", and batteryRf. This is. a continuously closed and energized circuit betweeny ramps, when the section a (or b) is energized as a shoe contactswith the first descending section of saidramp, and is the clear signal circuit. The circuit including signalR2S, from said brush Q2, includes contact R2, conductor r2, to ground R22, and thence as before, from ground R42, on conductor r4, to battery R4. This is a continuously closed and energized circuit when .section o (or b), is denergized by thecontinuity of the .trackside conductor of the y' series being broken, bymovableconductors of the.)c series, as hereinbefore recited, `and section a` (or b) is energized, the continuity of the traclrside.conductorsofl the jz-,series being maintained by the movable .conductor of the e series, and is the caution si nal circuit. yThe:circui-tinwhich signal 32 is ineluded, comprises, from saidgbrush Q2, contact R2, conductor 51:3,.uto ground .'Rg, and thence as before, from groundRt?. This is af continuously .',closeid and 4.energized circuit' when the descending side or. end. o'fthe ramp is `wholly denergized, .and isfthe danger signal circuit. It ,occurs when the continuity of the conductors of the y' Aand lj se-V ries of the traclrside installation yis broken, asrby movable conductorsof the e' and f se-` ries breaking contact.

It :Will be. `observed that whenthe caution andtdanger` circuits. are closed, that; is, ,when

the brush Q2 isinl electrical contact with signalcircuit'` as abovetraced. includes the contactiRI ofthe duplicate ldevice which is illustrated inthe engine:v or cab,and which for' alll other-purposes'y isi inoperative, there.

being no ramp on theoppositefside of the track. This ,cont-act'. ofsaidfdplicate 'dei'fice is: included. as anelementof thefc'lear circuit so kas `tolinsure the maintenance and operativeness "fthe .electrical .installation of said duplicatefdevice at'all times, soi' that if y the'engine be turned atan-y' time, tol .be run in the ,opposite direction, the-'signals displayed bythe operation thereof may be relied upon.

`The switchRfis 'mounted on lever Z* of valve Z2, and when ythe deviceiy is' tol be made inoperative,the turningV of saidj lever Z to close the val-ve Z2, (thus cutting oifth'el air supply lfrom' the "train pipe to cylindrical chamber'I), opens said' switch, and opens all `the electrical lcircuits'in which?the'.electricv contactsof the R series are members.

:The -several -g'groi'lnds1?,R^5,1.R21?,y Rajfare installed'so that in casethe, positivejsidesof the coils of electro-.magnets O are accidentally.y grounded said coils will vnotl *be` energized 4by battery Rf, `the effective. operation of the devicefrequiring said coils-tobe energized by the batteries of the'trackside in'- stallationwhich energizes the ramps.

Attention is called tol the vfact that a1- though all. the sections fa ramp may be energized whenA a shoe commences toslide 'or travel thereover, the plunger G will not be affected by the raising of the shoe, provided said plunger is suspended to give a clear signal, until said shoe is near the apex of the ramp, and about to energize the attention whistle RS, and that as said shoe climbs the ramp, it is on the mechanically operal tive side or part thereof and is thoroughly tached at one end to lever Z1 of valve Z3,

and is attachable at its other end to theV lever of the engineers brake valve, so that when said engineers brake is in lap position, as when an engine is used as a pusher or helper, valve Z3 is closed, and switch R is opened, and when said brake .valve is again put into usable position, said valve Z3 and switch R3 are automatically put into operative condition. The lever Z1 in the construction illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12, is provided with a groove, Z1, having an inclined portion, Z3, which is engageable with link Z5, when the engineers brake lever (Z3 in said Fig. 11), is moved from running to lap position. The remainder of said groove is substantially horizontal so that said lever Z4 is not moved on. its fulcrum Z3,

.(Fig. 12), when said brake lever is moved from anyposition, except from running to lap, or back again. In Fig. 11, valveZ3 is illustrated as closed, vand switch R3, as

opened, the engineers brake valve being at lap.l The several parts illustrated in Fig. 11 being .in the position there shown, in case the engineers brake valve is moved to service or emergency, valve Z3 remains closed and switch R3 remains 0pen.

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 13, the severaly parts illustrated are lettered the same as in Figs. 11 and 12, the only difference in this construction being, that the pivot Z9 of the lever Z1, in Figs. 11 and 12 is in a horizontal plane while in Fig. 13 it is in a vertical plane and the portion of the link Z5 which engages with a groove.

Z1 and incline ZG, in Figs. 11 and 12 is in a horizontal plane while the position of `said link which engages with said groove and incline in Fig. 13 is in a vertical plane. By the above described construction of the valve Z3, leverl Z1, said valve Z3 is closed while cngineers brake valve `is in lap, service., or emergency position and opened when Said brake valve is in holding, running or release position. Thus when engine is used as a pusher or helper or engineer is applying the brakes the automaticV train control apparati are inoperative. i

A detail ofthe mechanism lwhereby train must come to a full stop upon a danger signal being displayed, is illustrated in Fig. 14. By said construction the train may thereafter be moved forward at a determined speed until the next ramp ispassed.

.breaker Z11,.which is mounted on lever Z11` and insulated therefrom by insulation -Z12f LeverV Z11, is pivotally mounted on pin Z13. Said circuit breaker or conductor Z, is adapted to form a bridge between the terminals Z15 and Z13, which are mounted on the upper end Z3 of the mechanism illustrated i G3 of` plunger, G. When theengine or movtor car which is provided with this appa- -ratus has come to a full stop the engineer,

or'other person at his direction, may de-v press push button Z2? thereby forcing stem Z21 into abutment Z23 of lever Z11, turning said lever into the position in' which it is illustrated in Fig. 14:; andso long as said lever remains yin said position, said push button returning to its normal position, as

recited, the `electrical circuit of which governor V is .an element is closed so that lever W11 (Fig. 10) may be manipulatedaszJ hereinbefore set forth, and the train proceed as described. Upon passing the next ramp the upper end G3 ofthe plunger Gr will move the lever Z111 of the circuit controller to break electrical connection between terminals Z111 and ,Z1G land on receiving'a new danger signal the train will again be brought to afull' stop, and to proceed push. butto-n Z2o mustagain be depressed. 1

When the above describedl mechanism is used, as in passenger service, the contact, W1, is of substantially the-same length as contact R3, as is indicated in Fig. 141;; the conductor Z13 is attached at -vo'ne end to plate the path of movement kofthebeveled end i izo n R3 and at the other end to terminal Zw, and from terminal Zit", the conductor Z.18 eX- tends to and is tapped into conductor 72. Installed as described, when brush Q2 is in contact with contact R2 and W4 the ccaution signal is given, and the engineer by manipulating lever l/ 11, may Aproceed as 'hereinbefore described; when however, said brush Q2 passes below the contact W4 and electrically engages withk contact R3, the circuit of which conductor W2 is an element, is broken until the push button Z, is depressed to force lever Z11 into the position in which it is illustrated in said F ig. 14, at which time terminals Zl' and Z150 are bridged by conductor Z, and the conductorI Z1 from contact- R3, the terminal Z15, bridge Z1, terminal Z1G and conduc tor Zw, back to conductor "2 are brought into a closed circuit, which comprises from battery R4, the conductor R5', switch RG, conductor g2, the guide g abutment @,brusl'i Q2 to Contact R3 and the last above recited elements, and from said elements the remainder of the circuits hereinbefore de-.f scribed which includes the conductor 72, to wit, (see Fig. l0),`the brushes W, W, rings V3, conductor W3, the coils of the electromagnet W5, and conductor IVG, and ground Vg, and from the ground thence to ground Reg and conductor r4 to said battery R4. The engineer will therefore, after having forced bridge Zl* between'terminals Z15 and Z1, be able toV proceed in the manner hereinbefore described, by manipulating the lever 'W, as hereinbefore set forth.

I claim; y

1. In an installed block railroad track sectional ramps installed adjacent to the track -rails of the blocks adjacent to a determined block, the upper faces of said sections linclined, with the outer ends of the end sections of the ramp in a lower plane than thel adjacent ends of the middle sections thereof,

means to insulate the sections of said ramps from each other and from the ground, means to -energize two of the sections of said ramps, said two sections being at the ends of said ramps which are nearest said deter-` mined block, means to make and break the electric circuits of which said energizable sections of said ramps are elements, means positioned in said ,determined block to control said make and break means, in combi-v 'along ysaid ramp.

trical conductor, inv combination with a 'i movably mounted shoe the operable face whereof is provided with an insulated electrical conductor, and said shoe arrangedto co-a'ct with said ramp to be mechanically operatedk on contact with said ascending face and electrically energizablel on contact with said descending face as said shoe is moved' 3. A casing provided with a base and provided with a cylindrical recess through said base and into said casing, a plunger longitudinally movable in said casing, a piston on said plunger arranged to form the mov-1 able wall to a chamber obtained thereby in said cylindrical recess, an inlet to said chamber and an outlet 4from said ycylindrical recess, said piston' arranged to alternately make and interrupt communication between Ysaid chamber and said outlet on a determined movement of said plunger.

4L. A casing provided with a base and protudinally movable in said casing; andprovided with recesses adjacent to the upper end thereof, an electromagnet, movable jaws adapted to be moved into engagement with said recesses when said magnet is energized, and to be mechanically moved from said engagement on a determined movement of said plunger.v

5. A casing provided with a base and provided ywith a cylindricalV recess throughy said base and into said casing, a plunger longitudinally movable in said casing, and provided with recesses adjacent to the upper ondthereof, an electromagnet, movable jaws adapted to be moved into engagement with saidrecesses when said magnet is energized, and to be mechanically moved from said engagement on a determined movement of said plunger, a piston on said plunger arranged to form the movable wall to a chamber obtained thereby in said cylindrical recess, an inlet to said chamber and an Outlet from said cylindrical recess, said piston arranged to alternately make and interrupt communication between said chamber and' `said outletA on said determined movement of said plunger.

6. A casing provided with a base and provided with a cylindrical recess through said base and into said casing, a plunger longitudinally movable in said casing and provided with a recess adjacent to the upper yend thereof, an electromagnet, movable jaws adapted to be moved into engagement with said recess when said magnet is energized,`

vvided with a cylindrical recess through said base and into said casing, a plunger longi-'m and to. be mechanically moved from said en gagement on a .determined movement of l said plunger, -a piston on said plunger arranged -to form the movable wall to ya chamber obtained thereby in said .cylindrical re-` f cess, an inlettov said chamberand anoutlet .from said cylindrical'recess, said piston ar-v said chamber and said outlet on said deterranged to interrupt communication between mined movement of said plunger, and to make a limitedcommunication between said i chamber and said outlet, when moved in the opposite direction into-positionl to bring said. kjaws and recess into co-acting position, allV combined asset forth.

A casing provided with abase and provided with a cylindrical recess through said base and into said casing,`a plunger longi- Y saidrecesse's when said magnet is energized,

and to be mechanically moved from said engagement on a determined movement of said plunger, stationaryy electric contact members, a'brush mounted on said plunger and arrangedvto successively contact with said contact members-on the longitudinal travel of said plunger, and signals, ysaid contact members and .brush arranged to form, when in contact, elements of electric circuitsv Vwhich include said signals, and means to--f energize'said'fcircuit, all 'combined as set. A

1 lmovement thereof in a determineddirection,

. and manually operable means to return said v forth. --f p Y Y l v 8. A casing provided with a base and pro.-

l.vided with a cylindrical recess through said base and into. said casing,'.in combination with a plunger provided with recesses adj acent to the upper end thereof, and longitudinally 4movable in said casing, an elec- Atroinagnet, movable jaws. adapted. to bev f. moved .into'engageinentwith said recesses 7 when .said magnet is energized, and to be of its upward travel, stationary electric conv gitudinal travelof said. plunger, 4and sigmechanically vmoved from said A engagement on .they approach of said plunger to the end tact members, .a brush mounted onv said plu-nger, and arranged .to successively contact with said contact members ontlie lon- 1 nals, said contact members and brush var- .ranged to form, Vwhen in contact, elements of electric circuitswhich .include said signals,

manually operated means to breaksaidcircuits and means to energize said circuits.

9. A conduit adapted to lorm an air pas- ,.sageivay, fromv thetraiupipe of air con-` ,ntrolled brake mechanism, a plunger, a movable piston arranged-to obstruct said pas-.Q` lsageway, the position ofsaid pistonbeing y vcont-rolledby the position of said plunger, a

. circuit .breakerfnormally in` open .position anda plurality of means for manuallyv obstru'cting Asaid air passageway, thefcontrol-N.

cuit breakers;y

ling elements yof one Aof said-obstructing means and .saidcircuit breaker being ele- 1 ments of an electric circuit, and a track .sidehmeinbensaid plunger arranged to coact .with'saidj track side member to mechanically control an open position to said cir- 10; An air passageway, a arranged to obstructv said; passageway, an

electric circuit provided 'w ith energizing means, said circuit comprisingya mechanically loperablecircuit breaker arranged to benormally open and the coils of any elec- 1 tromagnet, an yarmatureto said magnet arranged to maintain said valve subsequent to the manual operation thereof on its` seat When'said Ymagnet is energized, 4track side means arranged to coact with saidplunger to move saidcircuit breaker toits .normal position, and manually operablemeansto move said circuit breaker to a `closed position.

11. Ina train 'carried signal apparatus, theY combination ofa VpluralityV of electric circuits comprising means to generate an 5 electric current, a brush actuated by va movably mounted plunger, a contact plate positionedA in the path of movement -of saidY brush, f a-conductorrfrom said plate and a Vsignal 'interposed on: said conductor, fand:

one ofsaid circuits also 'comprising-aphormally open v.circuit breaker positioned in thepatli of movement of said plunger and being closed, arranged ,to be opened by the circuit breaker to its closed position. n

.12.' Traing controlling mechanismV proplunger, a valve videdwith'an electric circuit Acomprising a f 4circuit breaker, andprovided with an air valve, in jcombination with means to join said circuit breaker., and said air valve with theengineers brake leverof` an air brake mechanism to open said circuit breakerfand i, close said valvev when said vbrakelever is moved in a determined directiony t0 a predetermined position, to maintain said circuit breaker open and said valve closed .when movedinone direction and to .close circuit breaker and open said .valve `when moved inthe opposite direction from said predetermined position.

13. In a traincontrol' mechanism, a signal, an air passageway communicating at its inlet end with the ,train pipeoflair4 brake mechanism" and .arranged to discharge throughv said' signal aft its outlet end, and

mechanically operable Vmeans ltonobstruct vsaid passageway,fincombinationwith trackside means tooperate said means to obstruct, means to. `close `said passageways and ymeans 'to join .said closing means to the lever ofthe engineersbrake lvalve of said v.airjbrake mechanism, said ,meansf to join `arrz'mged tofclose said closing meanswhen yio said lever is moved in a determined directon to a predeterminedA position, to maintain it closed when saidy lever is moved in one direction fromlsaid pre-determined position and to open'itwhen'moved in the opposite direction therefrom.

14. In a Vtrain carried signal apparatus duplicate mechanismsy respectively provided with a longitudinally movable plunger, an electrical brush controlled vby. said plunger and a contact plate positioned in the path Vof movement of said brush, in combination with electric conductors from a contact v plate in one'to the brush in the other of said mechanisms, and a conductor from the contact plate in the last named mechanism to and through a signalfand to ground.

15. Duplicatemechanisms respectively comprising a longitudinally movable plunger, electrical brushes mounted onsaid plunger,

contact points positioned in the path of.

travel of said brushes, means to conduct electrical energy from va contact in one of lsaid-"mechanisms tothe brush of the other of said mechanisms and means to conduct electrical energy from the contact of said last named mechanism to ground, with signals interposed in 'said last named conducting means, and means to energize the circuit ofwhich said recited parts are elements. l'

16. Duplicate mechanisms respectively comprising a longitudinally movable plunger,

` electrical brushes movably controlled by the l Vmovement ofsad plunger, contact points positioned inthe pathv of travel ofy said' brushes', means to conduct electrical energy from a contact in one of said mechanisms to the brush of the other of said mechanisms and means :to conductelectrical energy from the contact point of said last named mechanism and from the remaining contact points of said mechanisms, to ground, with signals interposed in said last named Vconducting means, and means to energize the circuits ofy e Which said recited parts are elements.

17. VIn a train :control mechanism, a sig-v nal, an air passageway communicating at its inlet end with the train pipe of air brake mechanism Vand y arranged to dischargeV through said signal at its outlet end, and

mechanically operable means to obstruct said passageway, means to close said passageway and. means to Join said closing mea'ns to the lever' of the engineers brake 'i valve of said air brake mechanism, said means to join arranged to close `said closing means when said lever is moved in a determined direction to a pre-determined position, to maintain it closed when said lever is moved in one direction from said pre-determined position and to open it when moved in the opposite vdirection therefrom, additional means adapted to vclose said passageway, and manually operable means arranged on the movement thereof to a determined position to close said additional means, saidmanually operable means arranged to automatically releasesaid additional closing means on the failure to retain said manually operable cuit, means to closey said passageway and means to join said closing means `to the lever of the engineers brake valve of said air brake mechanism, said means to Join arranged to close said closing means when said lever 'is moved in a determined directionto a predetermined position, to maintain it closed when said lever is moved in one direction vfrom said pre-determined position and to openk it when moved in the opposite direction therefrom, additional means adapted to close said passageway, and manually operable means arranged, on thc movement thereof to a determined position', to

operable means arranged to automaticallyv release said additional closing means on the failure to retain `said manually operable means in 'said determined position in combination with Vtrackside means'to operate said combinedmeans to obstruct said passageway and close said circuits.

' 19. In a train control mechanism, al signah-an airfpassageway communicating at Yits inlet end with the train pipe of air mechanism and arranged-to discharge through saidsignal at its'outlet end, and mechanically operable means-toobstructsaid passageway,`means to close said passageway and means to join said closing means to the lever of the engineers brake valve of said air brakev mechanism, said means to join arranged to close said closing means when said vlever is moved in a determined direction to a pre-determinedl position, to maintain it closed when said lever'is moved 1n one direction from said pre-determined vposition and to open it when moved in the opposite direction therefroima plurality of additional `means toclose vsaid passageway, anelectromagnet, means to energize said magnet,v manually operable means to close said plurality of additional means, and vmeans controlled by said energized magnet. to maintain one of said plurality of additional means closed, said manually operable means arranged to automatically,releasefthe one of said plurality of additional closing means lclose said additional means, said manually l'lO iov

which is not controlled by said magnet on the failure to retain said manually operable means in said .determined positiominA com-` bination with trackside means to operate said signal at its outlet end, and mechanically operable means to obstruct said passageway, means to close said passageway and means to join said closing means to the lever of the engineers brake valve of said air brake mechanism, said means to join arranged to 'close' said closing means when said lever is moved in a determined direction to a pre-determined position, to maintain'it closed when'said lever is moved in one direction from said pre-determined position and to open it when moved in the opposite direction therefrom, a plurality of additional means to close said passageway, any electric circuit, an electromagnet in said circuit, means toenergize said circuit, a governor adapted to break said circuit, manually operable means to close said plurality of additional means, and means controlled by said energized magnet-to maintain'one of said plurality of additional means closed, said manually operable means arranged to automatically release `the oneof said plurality of additional closing means which .is not controlled by said magnet onthe failure to retain said manually operable means. in said determined position, in combination vwith trackside means to operate said means to obstruct.

21. Ina train control mechanism, a signal, an air passageway communicating at its inlet end with theV train pipe of air mecha- Vnism and arranged to discharge through said signal at its outlet end, and mechanically operable means to obstruct said passageway, means to close said passageway and means to join said closing means to the lever ofthe engineers brake valve of said air brake mechanism, said means to join Varranged to close said closing means when said lever is moved in a determined direction to a predetermined position, to maintain it closed when said lever is moved in one direction vfrom said pre-determined position, and to said energized magnet to maintain one of said plurality loit' additionaly means' closed, said manually operable means arranged to automatically release the one of said plurality of additional closing ymeans which isvnot controlled-by' saidV magnet on the iailure to retain said manually operable means insaid determined position, in combinationv with trackside ymeans tofoperate 'said means to obstruct and'V also toA break said relectric circuit. Y'

22.v Ina trackside apparatus, standards attached .to trackiails ofinsulated blocks,- a'. -v

ramp rail comprising a plurality of ascending and descending members insulated from.

each other mounted in and insulated from said standards, electric conductors frompdetermined blocks to determined members of said ramp, circuit breakers forming elements of saidconductors, electromagnets `forming elements in additional circuits, whereof the track rails of said determinedV blocks are ele- *y ments, arranged to control said circuit breakers, in combination with a cab carried apparatus arranged to co-act mechanically with said ascending and descending members, and electrically with-selected sections with saidramp, said bars being of electricy conductingmaterialand adapted tobe members of an electric circuit,fin combination withl a plunger arranged to be actuated by to subsequently selectively retain said plunger in an actuatedposition. f

24;. In a railway signal system, a track way divided into blocks, a road side member said shoe, and electrically controlledmeans Y ioo. i

in each of said blocks, said road side member having ascending and descending sections, 'in combination with a car carried electrically and mechanically responsive member,

and an additional car carried member arcending and electrically with said descending sections.

way, a ramp provided with ascending and ldescending insulated sections, in spaced reranged to co-act mechanically ,with said asi ii' 25. In a railway'y signal system, a track lation to the trackway, in combination with i a cab carried apparatus arranged to co-act mechanically with the ascending and electrically with the descending sectionsV of said ramp. n 4 .f

` 26. In a railway signal system, a track way, a road side member in spaced relation to the track way, said-road side member having ascending and descending insulated sections, in combination with a car carried api paratu's having as elements thereof a shoe, a plunger and electroresponsiveV means adapted to co-act with said descending section, to suspend said plunger, and said shoe Vand plunger arranged to co-act'with saidvascending section to mechanically release said electroresponsive means,

27. a railway signalV system, track.'

Way divided into blocks, a road side member 1n each of said blocksv comprising ascending anddescendin Sections, said descending sec! tions beingA e ectrically controlled b the apparatus having. a* suspended slieejj; a4

V'With said descendinv section.y f

yplunger and an elleet'ioi'es'ponsive meml'nef,"

said ,shoe adapted Vto coraet mechanically 10 with said ascending section, and electrically ANDREW J. BROOKINS. In the. presence o-k CHARLES TURNER BROWN,- 1 n v J. SQUDDEKK Y A

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