US1368288A - Electromagnetic device - Google Patents

Description

R. E. PIERCE.

ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 13, 1918.

1,368,288. Patented Feb. 15,1921.

INVENTOR.

. REBierce BY Z y /a- ATTORNEY when connected into a circuit of the char acter heretofore mentioned, and so arranged;

untrue, 5mm

PATENT OFF-ICE.

RALPH E. PIERCE, 0F LARCHMONT, NEW YORK, ASSIGN'OR Ti) AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTROMMNBTIC DEVICE.

7 Application meafn e bei'is, 1918.;8crla11io. 256,831.

To all it concern: I e Be it known thatI, RALPH E. Pruner: residing at Larchmont, in the county of ci'ally useful in composite telephone and telegraph systems where com lete metallic 1 circuits are provided fpr both. ds oi messages, over the same line conductors as de-;

scribed in the copending ap lication of Osborne and Parker Serial 0. 266,326, .filed December 11, 1918, assigned to the sameiassignee as this application, but is obviously 1' edto a" metallic telephone circuit in accord- 1 t me with the disclosure of the above men-' t1onedcoiending applications. The receivapplicable to a variety of apparatus as w' appear hereinafter. v 1

It is very desirable in a'system' of the kind mentioned for instance to have the relay' 'winding' equally divided between the ,two'telegraph leads in order to avoid unbalancing the telephone system. Where the telegraph circuit "is arranged for duplex working it is further necessary that the relay windings be in two sections having equal and-opposite magnetic effects with respect to currents from the local transmitter, but cumulative with respect to currents from the distant transmitter. Where the telegraph circuits are arranged 'to provide a phantom circuit it is also necessary to have the relay windings produce connected that the electrical and magnetic effects will be balanced when subjected to condition such as above indicated.

I have illustrated the invention as embodied in a telegraph relay provided With eight windings, so disposed that their magnetic effects willbe balanced for both side circuit and phantom circuit transmission that the resistance in each branch of the circuit is substantially the same for current coming either from the side circuit trans-- Westchester and State of New York, have in-/ magnetic Devices, of which the following is I,

mitter or the phantom circuit transmitter. As w ll appear hereinafter, the invention-is especially adapted for a circuit of the character shown the copending application of H. S. Osborne, Serial No. 276,485, filed Feb. 12, 1919,;ass 1gned to the same assigneo as this appl cation, though .it isobviously not limited to this use. 1 a

The invention will be more fully 'de-' scribed in connection with the accompanying drawings inwhich'Figurel is a diagram of the electrical connections of a relay embody ng the. invention' and Fig. 2 is a schematic-showing of the relay indicating the arrangement of the windlngs on the fmagnet cores. I

Leads 1 and represent the op osite sides of a telegraph circuit which may he connecting relay is provided with eight windings,

.fourbeing connected serially in each of the -,leads 1 and 2. 7 To provide for duplex workin g, ,the other' ends of the two sets of relay windings are connected to an artificialline Specification Lettersratent- I r'atented Feb. 15, 1921. M

N and the sending apparatus is bridged 7 across the center points of the two. sets-of relay windings as shown at 3 .and 4. This apparatus is indicated herein by batteries .5, 51 and key 6, though it is to be understoodthat any suitable sending apparatus may he used, such for instance as 18 indi cated in the above mentioned applications. To provide for phantoming the-telephone or the telegraph circuit, the elements of the artificial line N are arranged to provide a neutral point 7 to which is connected 'a conductor 8 constituting one of the two phantom leads. The other lead will. connect with i a similar'neutral point in another telegraph circuit which may be a duplicate of that here illustrated and which it is therefore unnecessary to show or describe in detail or to a ground'return... It will be understood that this phantom circuit may likewise be scribed, it will be vapparent that the current of outgoing signals may ,flow through the relay windings from either the source 5 -5,

or the source 9--9 Current from the 'to the source."

- source 5-5 will divide at 4, traversing the two pairs of windings in lead in parallel, one portion of the current flowing out over the line to the receiving station and the other through the artificial line N, and will return through the two pairs of windings in the lead 1, reuniting 'at 3 and thus back Current from 9-9 W111 to the source. divide at 7 between the two halves of the artificial line and pass in parallel through the four windings m' the leads land 2 re;l spectively, and return to the source 9-9 line 1', passes through the up er 'set of relay windings, the sendlng branc connecting 3 and 4 and the artificial line in parallel, the

lower set of relsiy windings, line 2, and back windings in either branch. of the circuit, whether weconsider the current flowing from 5-5 or from 9-9, must have substantially equal impedances for without this the currents and therefore the magnetic ef-' fects of the two branches will not be the same notwithstanding the fact that they may have a like number of turns similarly disposed upon the magnet core. a

The arrangement of windings to produce the necessary balance for sending-current from-either source 5-5 or 9- -9 is indicated in Fig. 2. The magnet is provided withtwo cores a and and on each core are four windings A, B, and D arranged con centrically as shown on the drawing. The outer winding A on core at is connected to the inner winding D on core y, and the inner winding'D on core a: is connected to the outer winding A on core 3 The next to the outer winding B on core w is connected to the next to the inner winding C on core 1 and the next to the inner winding C on core w is connected to the next to the outer winding have substantially the B on core y. These connections are indi-. cated in Fig. 2 but more clearly in Fig. 1

are designated b the approprlate letter B, C, or D, wit

the character as or y suflixed to indicate the particular winding is core on which the located.

Itwill be observed that the windings'D, being immediately next to the cores, will have a less resistance than the windings C, and so on outward,.the windings A having the greatest resistance, same number of turns, WhICh lS ne sary in order that they will also be clear that the assuming that vthey 1',ses,ase

may be balanced inagnetically. With windrings arranged in this manner to give substantially equalmagnetic effects, the impedance of winding A plus the impedanceof winding D is substantially equal to the impedance of winding Bplus the impedance of winding C. With the windings disposed on the cores and connected as above de scribed it will be observed that, whether the current be flowing from the source 5.-5 or from the source 99-there is an A, a .B, a C and a D winding in each branch of the circuit and that each branch, in either instance, has two windings on each of the two magnetic cores. Furthermore, by connecting the A windings to the D windings and the C windings to the B windings, as above indicated, the halves of the branch clrcuits are likewise balanced.

Thus for current dividing at the point 7 and proceeding over the upper and lower windings, as shown in Fig. 1, the potential drops to the points 3 and 4, respectively, will be the same. If it were not for this there would be a current flow across the sending bridge between 3. and 4, whenever this bridge was closed, as it frequentlywould be.

Any current from source 9-9 taking such a course would obviously unbalance the whole relay. Similarly it is necessary that current from source 5-5 have no tendency to traverse the bridge formed by the phantom leads at each end of the line, audit will I be noticed that the arrangement shown likewise avoids any such tendency.

In a magnetic device subject to circuitconditions such as here described, it is not sufiicient that the ordinary requirement of:

balance in a Wheatstone bridge be satisfied i. e. that where a, b, c, and (1, represent the four arms, but it is further necessary I' sides of the line will remain the same as if no relay were connected thereto.

The specific arrangement of windings hereon show is illustrative only as it will be obvious that other specific arrangements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

. In a magnetic device, a plurality of windings-having substantially equal magnetic efle'cts but unequal impedances, a pluffrality,- of sources of current so associated with windings that the windings proyide" two parallel paths for current from the point' either source, and 'difierent for the two sources, the windings being so connected togather and to said sources of current that the total impedance in each parallel branch for current from either source is equal to the total impedance in the other parallel branch for current from the same source.

2. In an electromagnetic device, a plurality of windings having substantiallyequal electromagnetic efi'ects but unequal impedances, two line conductors in each of which half of the said windings are connected, a source of current connected to said windings at points intermediate their terminal connections to the line conductors and such that the windin provide parallel paths for said current, this windings being so connected to each other and to said line conductors and source of current, that the impedance of the windings in the two line conductors is the same and the impedance for current from said source in the two parallel' branches is the same.

3. In an electromagnetic device, a plural-H 2 ity of windin s having substantially equal electromagnetic. efiects but unequal impedanoes, two line conductors in each of which half of the said windings are connected, a source of current connected to said windings at points intermediate their terminal connections to the line conductors such that the windings provide parallel paths for said current, the windings being so connected to each other and to-said line conductors and source of current that the impedance and magnetic effect of the windings in the two line conductors is the same, and the impedance and magnetic effect for current from said source in the two parallel branches is 4 the same.

4. In an electromagnetic device, a plurality of concentric windings, each having substantially the same magnetic effect but of unequal impedances, a second set of concentrio windings-of like character coiiperating therewith, two sources of current connected to said windings at different points and each' having difierent parallel paths through said windings, the several parallel paths for ourrent from either source being of substantially equal impedance and substantially equal electromagnetic eifect.

5. In a relay, a core having two poles, a set of four windings located on each pole,

65 all of the windings having substantially equal magnetic effects but unequal impedances, a pair of line conductors, each line conductor having four of said windings connected in series therein, two from each of said sets and so selected that the total impedance in series with each line conductor is the same, a source of current connected to the center point of the four windings in each line conductor, the arrangement of the windings being such that the impedance of nection of the windings to each other and.

to the sources being such that the two parallel paths presented to current from either source have substantially-equal impedance.

7 In an electromagnetic relay, two sets of windings, each comprising four windings of substantially equal magnetic efiect but an equal impe ance, said windings being connected together serially, two sources of cur rent, each connected to'said windings so as to have parallel paths therethrough, the connection of the windings to each other and-to the sources being such that the two parallel paths presented to -current from either source have substantially equal impedance and substantially equal ma netic efi'ect;

8. In a composite telep one and telegraph system arranged to provide a metallic circuit for the telegraph currents over the telephone conductors, two leads connecting respectively with the twov 13819113110116 0011- ductors, a relay for sald telegraph circuit having a plurality of windings, half of which are connected in series in each of said leads, a source of sending-current connected across the midpoints of the windings in each lead, the windings being proportioned and arranged to provide parallel paths for current from said sourceoof substantially equal magnetic efl'ect and substantially equal impedance.

9. In a composite telephone and telegraph system arranged to provide a metallic circuit for the telegraph currents over the telephone conductors, two leads connecting respectively with the two telephone conductors, a relay for said telegraph circuit having a plurality of windings, half of which are connected in series in each of said leads, and so proportioned that the windings in each lead have substantially the same magnetic effect and substantially the same impedance, a source of sending current connected across the Inidpoints of the windings in each lead, the windings being pr0portioned and arranged to provide parallel paths for current from said source of substantially equal magneticeflect'and substantially equal impedance.

10. In a composite telephone and'telegraph system arranged to provide a metallic circuit for the telegraph currents over the telephone conductors,-two leads connecting respectively with the two telephone conductors, a relay for said telegraph circuit having a plurality of windings, half of which are connected in series in each of said leads,, and so proportioned that the windings .in each lead have substantiallythe same magnetic efiect and substantially the same impedance, a source of sending current connected across the midpoints oftthe;

windings in each lead, the windings being proportioned and arranged to provide parallel paths for current from sald source of 10. substantially equal magnetic Bfi BCt and substantially equal impedance, and a second tively the windings located in each of said 15 leads.

In testimony whereof,-I have'signed my name to this specification this eleventh day of December, 1918. I

' RALPH E. PIERCE.

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