US1367704A - Gas-burner - Google Patents

Description

I. M. JUSTICE.

GAS BURNER.

APPUCATION FILED SEPT. a, me.

1,367,704. Patented Feb.,8,1921.

- 2 SHEETSSHEET l. M. JUSTICE.

GAS BURNER APPLICATION FILED SEPT. s, 1919.

ice

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

barren stares PATENT ()FFECE.

ITHAMAR M. JUSTICE, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE MANUFACTURERS EQUIP- MENU. COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

GAS-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

Application filed September 6, 1919. Serial No. 322,085.

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, Trimaran M. JUs'rIon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to gas burners, particularly to gas burners used in the manufacture of ceramic products. The improved burner of the present invention is especially adaptable to the use of producer gas, but may also be used successfully, with slight modifications or 2cCljllSt11'l6I1tS,Wltll Dowson gas, water gas, or other similar gases, both the air and gas being introduced into the burners under pressure with the result that the pressure within the burner and within the furnace or kiln, to which the fuel in the state of combustion is discharged from the burner, will be above atmospheric pressure.

An important object of the present invention is to provide in a gas burner of the general type of my earlier invention upon which Patent No. 1,148,903 was issued to me Aug. 3rd, 1915, or other types of gas burners used for similar 1)L1IPOS6S,1IW111S to cause a more direct and thorough intermixture of the air and gas as it is discharged from the burner into the kiln. This is accomplished in the present improved burner by converging the flow of air as it is discharged from the air port and nozzle and comes in contact with the fuel gas. Thus a thorough inter-mixture of the two elements, air and gas, is forced and maintained at uniform proportions.

Both the air and gas supply inlets or conductors being provided with suitable means of regulation, and both air and gas being introduced under pressure, volume of air and gas may at all times be determined. Thus the temperatures within the lriln required to produce the best results in the treatment of diflferent wares as taught by experience may be maintained throughout the burning operation and with the minimum of fuel consumption.

The other features of? the present invention consist in. detail improvements and refine the relative erally to more convenient and effective operation of the burners; the improvements being the outgrowth of practical experience with burners of this type. i

A further object of my invention consists in providing for the portability of the burners so that a given number of burners may serve a battery of kilns having a greater number of individual kilns than the number of burners. This is an important feature of the invention tending to economy in equipment cost, and is provided for merely by providing suitable burner and kiln connections.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved burner;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical cross section of the burner taken on the line 2-.2 of ig- Fig. 3 is an elevation of the discharge end of the burner;

Figs. 1, 5 and 6 are details, respectively, of the sand seal base cap, burner door and slide valve.

The improved burner as here shown consists of a gas chamber '1 having integral side and bottom walls and a removable top cover on wall 2. The front end of the burner is closed by an inclined door 3, which during the burning operations is seated in any suitable manner to prevent leakage of gas through the door aperture.

The burner may be connected to a gas conduit 1, as here shown, or any suitable source of gas supply, by means of a base 5 which is hollow and serves as the inlet port for the introduction of gas, preferably under pres sure, from the conduit 4 into the gas chamber 1. To provide for portability oithe burner, the connection of the base 5 with the gas conduit is made detachable, the con duit being provided with asupporting. plate 6 having an aperture 7 therein opening from the conduit into the base 5, and having an upwardly extending flange 8 which serves to form an annular channel space 9 around the lower portion of base 5 when the base is seated on the supporting. plate 6. VVhenthe burner is detached from the gas conduit and the particular kiln which. the conduit sup plies with gas, the sand seal, or such portion of it as may be required, is removed and a the conduit, the seal being restored if need be to prevent leakage of gas therefrom.

The discharge or nozzle end of the burner is preferably formed integrally with the walls of the gas chamber 1, and consists of concentric air and gas nozzles '11 and 12 respectively, the nozzle 12 being in effect an extension," somewhat reduced in diameter of the gas chamber 1 and terminating at its discharge end substantially inward of the discharge end of the air nozzle 11.

The air nozzle, as here shown, is also formed inte rally with the walls of the gas chamber 1 and consists of annular air passages 13 and let surrounding the gas nozzle and having an inlet port 15 communicating with an air pipe 16, the air passages 13 and 14: being separated by ribs or partition flanges 17 which are formed integrally with the nozzles 11 and 12 and extend longitudinally therebetween, curving up "'ardly and terminating in a partition wall 18 extending upwardly from the nozzle 12 intothe lower portion of the air inlet port 15. Thus the air received through the port is deflected over the outer top and bottom surfaces of gas nozzle 12 and evenly distributed through passages 13 and let to the discharge end of the air nozzle 11.

The gas and air nozzles as above described are substantially the same as shown in my patent herein referred to. An improvement of the present invention consists in providing the air pipe 16 with a suitable valve 19 whereby the volume of air delivered therethrough may be regulated as required. A further improvement consists in modifying the construction of the air nozzle by inclining the inner wall thereof, as itapproaches the discharge end of the nozzle, inwardly, as shown at 20, whereby the air as it is discharged from the nozzle will be caused to converge a short distance in advance of the end of the nozzle. Thus it will be seen that the air and gas, both flowing under pressure, in practice about one ounce of pressure to the square inch in excess of atmospheric pressure, will be thoroughly intermingled and highly effective volatilization and combustion will result.

In the practice of heat treating processes with burners of this character in the manufacture of ceramic wares, the best results can be obtained only when the conditions of heat treatment are responsive-to the requirements of the particular ware or quality of the clay undergoing treatment. A marked improvement over ordinary practice consists in introducing the air and gas to the kiln under properly balanced or better regulated pres sure in excess of atmospheric pressure. Thus combustion of the fuel can be developed to a high state of incandescence and maintained thereat throughout the kiln without any deteriorating effect which might otherwise result, under the old practice, from ingress of cold air through crevices in the wall of the kiln. The practice of introducing air and fuel under pressure is not new in the present invention. However, the improved means above described to cause more rapid and more complete interminture of air and fuel in the burner aid materially in producing and maintaining the required effectiveness of incandescent combustion to obtain the best results in production.

The remaining features of improvement of the present invention relate to details of construction. as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the slide valve 21, by means of which the volume of gas delivered into chamber 1 is regulated, is provided with a shifting bar 22 which extends at its free end through an aperture in the door 3, the bar being provided with a series of apertures 23 by means of which the bar and the valve 21 attached thereto may be shifted longitudinally to regulate the size of the inlet into the gas chamber 1; adjustment of the valve being made by suitable lever 24: which is adapted at one end to extend throughone of the apertures 23 and engage an aperture 25 in a. fulcrum plate 26 secured on the under side of the burner to lugs 27 by screws 28, and extending outwardly of the burner substantially in the vertical plane of and parallel with the shifting bar 22. Thus by operating the lever 24 the valve 21 may be adjusted to any desired position relative to the gas intake port.

It has been found by experience that the formation and accumulation of soot and tar and other adhesive substances in the gas -.liamber 1 causes the slide valve 21 to stick at times to the bottom of the chamber, thus making it difficult or impossible to adjust the valve in the usual way. To overcome the difliculty, the slide is provided in the lower edge thereof toward the door 3 with a recess 29, and the door is provided with an apertureBO through which a pinch bar or other suitable device may be extended to en gage the plate at its recessed edge to pry the same free of the bottom of the chamber and to enable normal operation thereof through the adjusting bar 22. The aperture 30 serves the further purpose of an observation opening into the burner. and to admit air to the chamber as required at times to procure desired mixtures of air and gas before the passes through the nozzle 12, being nor mally closed by a cover cap 31., a detail of which is shown in Fig. 5. To provide for convenient access to the interior of'the chamber 1, the top cover plate 2 of the chamberis' made removable, the plate being concave or arch-shaped in cross section and extending longitudinally substantially the full length of the chamber. Thus with the removal of the'plate, ample and convenient access to the chamber is provided. The cover plate is provided with a flange 32 extending inwardly adjacent the four edges thereof which serves to form a close fitting joint in the aperture in the top of the chamber. If required, the joint may be made gas and air tight by sealing the same in any suitable manner.

The cover plate is further provided with an eye or aperturcd lug by means of which the plate may be engaged by a suit able lifting device to adjust the same rela tive to the chamber. An aperture 3%, normally closed by a ball 35, is also provided on the plate 2 whereby observations may be made of the interior of the chamber, and through which suitable devices such as pokers or scrapers may be extended into the chamber to remove any accumulation of sootor tar or other obstructing substances therein.

From the foregoing detailed description, the construction and operation of my improved burner will be readily understood, the features of the invention being further defined in the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a gas burner, the combination, with a gas supply conduit and a sealing plate having a recess therein, with a chamber having a base movably located in said recess, a sealing medium in said recess permitting of the movement of the base therein, and a valve mounted in said chamber and operabletherein to control the flow of gas from the conduit to the chamber irrespective of the altitude of the chamber base in the recess.

2. In a gas burner, a gas chamber having a slide valve operable on the bottom thereof; said valve having an apertured adjusting bar connected thereto and. extending at the free end thereof outside said chamber; an apertured fulcrum plate supported in fixed relation relative to said chamber and to the valve adjusting bar; and a lever adapted to extend through an aperture in the adjusting bar and engage an aperture in said fulcrum plate whereby said valve may be adjusted by operation of said lever.

3. In a gas burner, a gas chamber having a slide valve operable on the bottom thereof; said valve having an adjusting bar connected thereto and extending at the free end thereof outside said chamber; a fulcrum plate sup ported in fixed relation relative to said chamber and to the valve adjusting bar; and a lever adapted to be connected with the adjusting bar and said fulcrum whereby said valve may be adjusted. by operation of said lever.

41. In a gas burner, a gas chamber having a slide valve operable on the bottom thereof; said valve having a recessed edge, whereby the valve may be engaged by a suitable lever introduced through an aperture in the wall of said chamber and lifted at one edge thereof from the bottom of the chamber.

5. In a as burner, a gas chamber having relatively nXed side and bottom walls, a gas inlet and a, valve in the bottom of said chamber, said chamber having an open topextending longitudinally thereof and normally closed by a cover plate, whereby, with the removal of said plate, ready access may be obtained to the chamber to effect adjustments of said valve.

6. In a gas burner, a gas chamber having relatively fixed side and bottom walls, a gas inlet and a valve in the bottom of said chamher, said chamber having an open top extending longitudinally thereof and normally closed by a cover plate, whereby, with the removal of said plate, ready access may be obtained to the chamber to effect adjustments of said valve, and a normally closed aperture in the cover plate whereby when said plate is in normal position relative to the chamber, suitable devices may be introduced therethrough to remove obstructing substances relative to said valve.

7. In a. gas burner, a gas nozzle, an air nozzle outside thereof, an inlet for air at one side of said air nozzle, and a partition dividing said inlet on a line perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle, said partition continuing into and dividing the space between the nozzles into two parts on a line substantially perpendicular to the axis of the inlet, and an inclined portion of the wall of the air nozzle whereby air discharged therethrough will be caused to converge at a. point opposite the discharge aperture thereof.

8. In a gas burner, a gas nozzle, an air 1.

nozzle outside thereof, an inlet admitting air to the outer nozzle, and a partition which divides the air at the inlet and delivers it at the end of the gas nozzle in two sections divided on a line perpendicular to the axis of the inlet, and an inclined portion of the wall of the air nozzle whereby air discharged therethrough will be caused to converge at a point opposite the discharge aperture thereof.

9. in a gas burner, a nozzle, an air nozzle outside thereof, the latter extending a substantial distance beyond the end of the former, an inlet admitting air to the outer nozzle, and a partition whichdivides the inlet on a line perpendicular to the axis of the nozzles, said partition continuing into and dividing the space between the nozzles into two parts on a line substantially perpendicu lar to the axis of the inlet, and an inclined portion of the wall of the air nozzle whereby air discharged therethrough will be caused to converge at point opposite the discharge aperture thereof.

10. In a gas burner, agas nozzle, and an air nozzle outside thereof formed integrally with the burner, an inlet to admit air to the outer nozzle, and means for confining part of said air to half of the space between the nozzles and the remainder of the air to'the other half oi said space, and an inwardly inclined end of the air nozzle whereby air discharged therethrough will be caused to intersect the discharge from the gas nozzle and to converge at a point opposite the discharge aperture thereof.

11. In a gas burner, a gas nozzle, and an air nozzle outside thereof formed integrally with the burner, means for introducing air to said air nozzle, and a partition dividing the space between the nozzles into two parts, said partition being so arranged that the air admitted will be equally divided between said parts, and an inwardly inclined end of the air nozzle whereby air discharged therethrough will be caused to intersect the discharge from the gas nozzle and to converge at a point opposite the discharge aperture thereof.

In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature.

IIHAMAR M. answer.

Images