US1366979A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

G. ULLRICH.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-21, 1'916.

Patented Feb. 1, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

atented Feb. 1, 1921.

a SHEETS-SHEET z.

nml-iimmnm III Inna/awn a. ULLRICH. MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-2|, 1,366,979.

1 r H 8 3 m 7 F 2 G. ULLRICH.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR' APPLICATION FILED JAN-21,1916.

Patented Feb. 1, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

132M fi arators however the zones, which cannot lll the attracted material is carried away either Hill - UNITED S TES PATENT OFFICE.

TO THE CHEMICAL FOUNDATION, INC., A GORPO ATION OF DELAWARE.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

a Application filed January 21, 1916.

To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, Gnone ULLRIGH, eng1- neer, a subject of the German Emperor, re

siding at 2 Winterfeldtstrasse, Magdeburg, Germany, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Magnetic Separators, of which the following is a specification.

It is known in connection with magnetic separators to divide up the magnetic field into several zones which increase in strength in the direction of the stream of raw material under treatment, and to carry'away the attracted material either conjointly or separately according to its permeability. When this method is employed the magnet pole which is divided tor the purpose of forming the zones is placed opposite a common or similarly divided counter magnet pole, and the material is fed in and carried away through the; gap in the held. The

width of the gap in the field is therefore in this method not only dependent upon the magnetic properties of the material but it must also in every case be greater than the size of the grains of the material. In this method the material will be attracted to one pole by the difierence of the attractive forces of the two poles. p

The present invention relates to a magnetic separator in which the magnetic field is likewise divided into several zones which increase or decrease instrength according to the construction in the direction of the stream of the raw material, and in which as in the zone separators hitherto employed oonjointly or separately. In contra-distinction however to the zone separators hitherto employed all the magnet poles are situated in the present case on one side of the supply apparatus. I

It is true that magnetic separators are already known in which all the magnet poles lie on one side of the supply; in these sepbe regulated are of equal dimensions, with the ohject of forming a field of uniform strength and, as great a length as possible i and causing the material attracted in the first field to fall as far away as possible from the non-magnetic material, a. result which however is not obtained in practice. In any event these separators do not at all act as zone separators.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1, 1921.

Serial No. 73,374.

According to this invention in contradistinction to the methods heretofore employed, the raw material is supplied in succession to the several zones lying on the same side of the material supply and each zone sep .arates-out a portion of the raw material.

The extraction of the magnetic material takes place in each zone so that the most efficient separation can be obtained. Furthermore, the zones can be regulated in respect of their magnetic strength for the separation of raw material according to its per-' meability, whereby the zone fields can increase or decrease in magnetic strength in the direction of the sup ly of the raw ma: terial. This regulation 01' the strength of the zone fields is efi'ect'ed in such case as may be desired, 6. g. by mutual lateral adjustment of the pole shoes provided on the zone poles or by adjustment of the zone poles toward the supply oi the raw material. The lateral adjustment oi the pole shoes or blades possesses the important advantage that the length of each zone can be regulated, a cir.

cumstance which enables the particular magnetic zone to be allowed to act for a definite length of time on each kind of ma terial. Again by adjusting the supply of the raw material in a direction toward the magnets the action of the latter on the ma-( terial can be partially regulated. Furthermore the zone poles may be arranged so as to swing for the purpose of regulating the field. Several or all of these methods of adjustment may be also employed in com binat1on.

The distance apart of the cotiperating pairs of poles is in the presentseparator only dependent upon the magnetic-proper ties of the material and not also upon the size of the rains of thematerial. a separator t erefore may be used withad Such vantage for coarse grained material. In

such comparatively heavy bodies it is a special advantage of the new separator that the coiiperating poles act not with the difiierence but withthe sum of their attractive forces. The separator may be also of the drum type as well as'of the ring or ofthe'traveling band type softhat the discharge of the attracted material may take place in the direction of the supply of the raw material as well as at ri ht angles thereto.

In order t at the said invention may be clearly understood and'readily carried into effect, the same will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1, 2 and 3 are cross-sections showing alternative constructional forms of magnetic separators of the drum type embod ing the invention.

ig. 1 shows a perspective view of apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 takenon a line tangential to the deliver drum 7.

Fig. 4 shows a vertica section of a travelin -band type of separator;

ig. 5 a vertical section of a multiple type of separator with circularly arranged fields;

Fig. 6 shows a similar section of a multipleseparator with a two-zone field, four of such two-zone fields being arranged in a circle;

Fig. 6 shows a plan view thereof;

Figs. 7 and 7 show a modified form of Fi s. 6 and 6 in relatively similar views;

ig. 8 a vertical section of a separator similar to Fig. 6, but without a specific delivery device;

- Fig. 8 shows a plan view thereof;

Fig. 8 shows in plan view the lower rotatable pole shoe of Fig. 8 in somewhat modified form;

Figs. 8 and 8 show a multiple separator according to Fig. 8, in which provisions are made for partially or entirely eliminating the magnetic pull exerted upon the movable pole shoes.

Fig. 9 is a part elevation and part section ofda separator with several working fields an Fi 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 provide with a combined delivery and discharging device.

Referring first more particularly to Fig.

. 1, 1, 1, 2 and 3' denote the zone poles, the

poles 1, 1 being excited b the coils 4. The excitation however may e efiected differently, e. 9. it maybe effected by one coil only on one of the four oles, or by coils on the poles 3, 1. The pol ds 1, 1 and 2 carry laterally adjustable shoes 5, b means of I which the strength of the zone elds can be regulated. For the purpose of further regulati'on the pole 2 is arran ed adj ustably with respect to the supply 0 the raw material.

The pole 3 is not ad uStabIe. Furthermore, the entire magnet bod can be rotated within the delivery drum about the spindle 6, so that the raw material can be delivered not only at the point shown, but also in case of necessity at another point of the delivery drum.

" The delivery drum-may be made of magnetic or non magnetic material.

In the present case the zone fields are arranged so as to increase in strength in the direction of the stream of raw material. The weakest zone 21 attracts only the most strongly magnetic portion of the material supplied to the chute 8. U on the en deposited in the zone 1 -3 the chute is t feebly magnetic material and upon the chute is deposited in the strongest zone 31 the more feebly magnetic material. The delivery of the material is effected in the following manner :-The non-magnetic material is delivered at 9, the feebly magnetic material at 10 and 11 and the stron ly magnetic material at 12. The pole sloes are with advantage provided with blades which lie in the direction of rotation of the drum 7 for the purpose of increasin the lines of magnetic force therein. It will be apparent that the distance between the pole shoes bears no relationship to the size of the grains of the material. The distance between the pole shoes is dependent only on the magnetic properties of the material.

In the form shown in Fig. 2 there are two zone fields and three poles 13, 14 and 15 are employed, the poles 13 and 15 being adjustable laterally and vertically and the pole 14c being only adjustable vertically. The field between the poles 13 and 15 is weaker "than the field between the poles 13 and 14:,

so that strongly magnetic material is attracted under the pole 15 and feebly magnetic material under the pole 1s. The delivery of the material is so efiected that the non-magnetic portion emerges at 9 while the discharge of the feebly magnetic portion takes place at 10 and the strongly magnetic portion at 12.

In the form shown in Fig. 3- two Zone fields are formed by poles 17, 18 and poles 16, 17, the poles 16 and 18 being provided with laterally adjustable pole shoes 5. The weaker field is produced between the poles l7 and 18.

In the traveling band type of separator shown in'Fig. 4 four zone fields are provided in which ior example the pole 19 is adjustable laterally and vertically and the pole 20 is only adjustable laterally, while members constltuting the pole 21 are pivotally mounted. The supply of the material takes place in the directlon of the arrow by means of an endless band 23 passing over guide rollers 22, the non-magnetic material being discharged at the right hand end of the band. The conveyance of the'magnetic varities of the material is effected by a delivery belt 2& which runs at right angles to the band 23 and can be divided up so as to constitute several belts, which, if necessary, may run at different speeds dependent on the amount of material to be conveyed.

In the adaptation ,to a separator of the multiple type shown in Fig. 5, there are arranged in a circle in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 6 four fields which are divided up each into zones each field being fed with material from the chute 8 and served by a common delivery device comranged in a circle. There is provided a pole 29 which is capable of being excited andcarries a laterally adjustable shoe 5. Poles 30, 31, are also provided, which poles are vertically adjustable. A zone field is formed between the poles 31, 29 and be tween the poles 30, 29, respectively, so that,

the strongly magnetic material is attracted beneath the pole 31 and the feebly magnetic material attracted between the poles 30 and 29, the material thus attracted being carried away by the rotatable disk 25.

T e form shown in Figs. 7 and 7 is substantially the same as that described with reference to Fig. 6 except that each field is not excited separately. In the form shown in Fig. 7 all the fields which are arranged in a circ1e','are excited by a'com mon axially disposed coil 32 and only one main pole 29 is rovided, which carries a number of lateral y adjustable shoes 5 corresponding to the number of'the principal fields, (in this case four,) while each principal field is provided, as above described, wi trhh tv;o vertlcally adjustable poles 30, 31.

e differs from that previously described p'artlcularly by the absence in this Fig. 8 of t a separate delivery As shown in .Figs. 8 and s,

' provide at the vertically adjustable pole shoes 35 disposed beneath the po cs 32, 33 and 34 are made in the form of ri gs which are connected to the rotatable disk v36 composed partially of non-magnetic material. The poles 32 and 34 are adjustable vertically for the purpose of regulating the intensity of the zones- The regulation can be effected by this means alone or by adjustment'of the aforesaid rings, or by adjustment of the rm and the poles 32, 34.

he polarity: of the fields arranged in a circle may be uniform or alternate. V In the case it is advisable, not to make the rings former case which is illustrated in .Figs. 8

and 8' the lines of force run in a radial direction only. If on the other hand the four main fields have alternate polarity so that for example the outer pole 32 in one main field is a south pole but in the main field is a north pole as shown in Ian vieiilv in Fig. 8", lines of force pass also rom eac ing ring along to the poles of the ad'oining fields corresponding to this ring. 11 this 35 in one piece, but to make them of separate orm shown in Figs. 8, 8', 8", 8, 8"-

same time for the removal of the separated material. These rings adjoining le of each field into the correspondmagnetic pieces 35, which are separated from each other by air gaps or non-magnetic material 35. Corresponding small partial are thus formed which, as soon as the particular gint emerges from a principal field, rapid y lose thelr magnetism so far that the easily throw oil the attracted material. I n the arrangement shown the force of the magnets directed upon the rings acts upwardly. In order partially or wholly to eliminate this force themagnet poles 32, 33 and 34 may also be of such a form that they do not act upon the upper horizontal surfaces of the rings 35 but upon their vertical side faces. How this is accomplished is shown for instance in Figs. 8 and 8. In

Fig. 8 the outermost and innermost ring 35 are each arranged inside of the poles 32 and 34 respectively of each main field so that the magnetic paths extend in the direction shown in dotted lines. This relieves the magnetic upward pull on these two rings' If it be desired to also relieve the upward pull on the middle rings 35, the rings may be arranged with t to their cooperative poles as shown in 1 8". The form shown in 9 is provided with several mainwor elds of which only' one is shown in the rawing and with a delivery'drum 38 adapted to rotate about a vertical axis. Each principal field consists of two zones which are formed by the poles 39, 40 and 41 which are provided with ad- 'ustable pole shoes. The pole 41 is excited y the coil 4. v

In the form shown in Fi 10 a delivery and discharging device 42 o conical formation is adapted to rotate relatively to the 'sufiicientl powerful to deflect it; In t is I V manner t erefore' the two grades of magnetic material fall separated from each other and may thus be collected separately.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is V 1 In a magnetic separator of the character described, an electromagnet having a plurality of pole pieces forming a plum ity of magnetic zones of different intensity, all 'of said zones-extending in one direction,

means for feeding the material to be separated in the direction in which the several zones extend, all of said zones being located on one side of said feeding means.

'2. In a magnetic separator of the character described, an electromagnet having a plurality of pole pieces forming a plura it of magnetic zones of different intensity, a l

of said zones extending in one direction,-

means for feeding the material tobe separated in the direction in which the several zones extend, all of said zones being located on one side of said feeding means, and means "for adjusting the extent of each zone and relative intensity between the zones.

4. In a magnetic separator of the character described, a plurality of electromagnets arranged in a c1rcle, each electromagnet having a plurality of pole pieces formin a plurality of magnetic zones of different 1ntensity, all of said zones extending in substantially radial direction in the circle in which the electromagnets are arranged, ring shaped concentrical arranged pole elements, all corresponding pole pieces of said electromagnets having one of said rings in common, said rings being suitably disposed with relation to said magnets, so that said zones of different intensity are formed between said'rings, means for feeding the material, to be separated beneath said rings in radial direction past the different zones, and means'for varying the relative intensity between the different zones.

In testimony whereof the foregoing specification is signed in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORG ULLRIOH. Witnesses:

A. H. ENTENMANN, RUNTHENIBS.

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