US136634A - Improvement in nickel-plating - Google Patents
Improvement in nickel-plating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US136634A US136634A US136634DA US136634A US 136634 A US136634 A US 136634A US 136634D A US136634D A US 136634DA US 136634 A US136634 A US 136634A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- plating
- solution
- improvement
- double
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 92
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 46
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N Mesotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 alu- Inina Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FNXLCIKXHOPCKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O Br[NH3+] Chemical compound Br[NH3+] FNXLCIKXHOPCKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulphite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-O chloroamine;hydron Chemical compound Cl[NH3+] QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940086735 succinate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
Definitions
- ammonia salts-e there is, however, a certain class of nickel salts, known as ammonia salts-e. 9., the ammonio-chloride, ammonio-bromide, ammonio-sulphate, ammo- -nio-tartrate, &c.of greater or less definite chemical composition, which are formed by dissolving the corresponding simple salts-e. 9., the chloride, bromide, sulphate, &c.-in a solution of ammonia, and which are of necessity alkaline.
- Salts of this nature when made and used in such a manner as to be free from the presence of potash, soda,lime, alumina, and nitric acid,
- the plating solution being but partially supplied from the anode, becomes gradually depleted of its metal, and in about the ratio of its alkalinity, so that the metallic salt must be frequently added in order to keep up the proper supply; the process thus ceases to be a continuous one, and is also attended with other disadvantages to the practical plater, viz: the increased expense attendant upon this manner of applying the solution with metal; the risk of introducing adventitious substances; the rapid accumulation of ammonia salts in the solution; the constant'change in the relative proportion of the materials of the bath, requiring corresponding changes in the strength and density of the current.
Description
v TTNI TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ISAAC ADAMS, JR, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
IMPROVEMENT IN NICKEL-PLATING.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 136,634, dated March 11, 1873.
To all whom it may concern: 7
Be itknown that I, ISAAC AnAns, Jr., of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, iuthe State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Electro-Deposition of Nickel, and in Electroplatin g with Nickel; and I-do hereby declare that the following is a full audexact description thereof:
In my patent, of August 3, 1869, I have given certain directions for the preparation and use of the double sulphate of nickel and ammonium, and thedouble chloride of nickel .and ammonium, by means of which the electro-deposition of nickel from the solutions could be effected with better results than had everbeen before obtained from them, and the art of electroplating with nickel could be successfully practiced.
I have found that the directions given in my said patent for preparing and using the above mentioned solutions are equally applicable to all the soluble salts of nickel, single or double, which are capable of being de composed by the electric current, such as the sulphate, the chloride, the tartrate, the bromide, the double tartrate of nickel and ammonia, the double bromide of nickel and ammonium, the succinate, &c., which, if prepared in such a manner as to be substantially free from the presence of potash, soda, alu- Inina, lime, and nitric acid, and free from acid and alkaline reaction, can be successfully used in the electro-deposition of nickel, or in electroplating with nickel. There is, however, a certain class of nickel salts, known as ammonia salts-e. 9., the ammonio-chloride, ammonio-bromide, ammonio-sulphate, ammo- -nio-tartrate, &c.of greater or less definite chemical composition, which are formed by dissolving the corresponding simple salts-e. 9., the chloride, bromide, sulphate, &c.-in a solution of ammonia, and which are of necessity alkaline.
Salts of this nature, when made and used in such a manner as to be free from the presence of potash, soda,lime, alumina, and nitric acid,
may be made to give, under the influence of a suitable current, a deposit of reguline metal, proper for the purpose of electroplating, and in amount sensibly proportionate to the current strength. There is, however, always a serious inconvenience attached to the use 0t such solutions, in that, owing to their alkalinity, they do not readily dissolve the anode. As a consequence of this, the plating solution, being but partially supplied from the anode, becomes gradually depleted of its metal, and in about the ratio of its alkalinity, so that the metallic salt must be frequently added in order to keep up the proper supply; the process thus ceases to be a continuous one, and is also attended with other disadvantages to the practical plater, viz: the increased expense attendant upon this manner of applying the solution with metal; the risk of introducing adventitious substances; the rapid accumulation of ammonia salts in the solution; the constant'change in the relative proportion of the materials of the bath, requiring corresponding changes in the strength and density of the current.
Each precaution and direction contained in said patent is founded upon independent discoveriesof the individual action and operation of the several substances and conditions named and while it is important, in order to produce the best results, to observe all the directions given, yet electroplaters may see fit to omit one or more of them, observing the rest; thus availing themselves of parts only of my discoveries. But it will be found that any departure from the directionsxgiven will be followed by a greater or less imperfection in the result. 5;.
On the 3d of August, 18 ters Patent for the electrop with nickel, or the electro-deposition of .j ckel, by means of a solution of the double sulphate of nickel and ammonia, and of a solutignof the double chloride of nickel and of amnio'rlijgm.
On the 22d of .March, 1870, I obtained Letters Patent for the electro-deposition of nickel or the electroplating with nickel by means of a solution of the double sulphate of nickel and magnesia; and on the 25th of May, 1870, I obtained Letters Patentifor the electrodeposition of nickel or the electroplating with nickel, by means of a solution of the double sulphite of nickel and ammonia; and referring to each of said Letters Patent for a more particular description of my said inventions, and disclaiming, in my present application, all
btained Letthatl have claimed in the Letters Patent soda, lime, al umin a-, and nitric acid, or either severally above mentioned, of them, and free from acid and alkaline re I. new claimaction, or from either. The electro-deposition of nickel, or the elec- ISAAC ADAMS, J 12.
rtoplating with nickel, by means of a solution of either of the soluble salts of nickel, such Witnesses:
solution being prepared and being used, sub- G. S. SGAMMON, 1 stantially, free from the presence of potash, JEROME '1. WHITE.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US136634A true US136634A (en) | 1873-03-11 |
Family
ID=2206050
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US136634D Expired - Lifetime US136634A (en) | Improvement in nickel-plating |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US136634A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040195046A1 (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2004-10-07 | Manabu Ogura | Sloped part high-speed escalator |
-
0
- US US136634D patent/US136634A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040195046A1 (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2004-10-07 | Manabu Ogura | Sloped part high-speed escalator |
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