US1365578A - Piston - Google Patents

Description

F. J. ZIPPLER.

Wnesses: 3 In Uen for:

UNITED vSTATES FRANCIS J'.

PATENT OFFICE. l'

ZIPPLER, 0F AVALON, PENNSYLVANIA, .ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF T0 CHARLES M. HOFFERT, 0F READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

PISTON.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jari'. 1&1, 1921.

Application filed May 8, 1920. Serial No. 379,801. n

To all 'whom t may concern.'-

Beit known that I, FRANCIS J. ZIPPLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Avalon in the county of` Allegheny and State of ennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pistons; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof. invention relates to pistons, and has special reference to what are known as hollow pistons, such as areused in internal combustion engines for automobiles etc.

These pistons are generally provided. with split piston or packing rings for engaging with the interior wall of the cylin` der, and the main object of my invention is to provide a cheap, simple and eilicient form of a piston, which will enable such rings to adhere more closely against the interior wall of the cylinder, and thus prevent the compression or explosive mixture from passing between such rings and said cylinder wall, thereby overcoming loss of 'compression and the power incident thereto.

Various other objects, such as durability,

cheapness in manufacture, and the general improvement of the art are also provided for and will be brought out in the following specilication and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

To these ends my invention consists, generally stated, in' the novel arrangement, construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter more specifically set forth and described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to construct and use my improved piston, I will describe the same more fully, referring to the accom` panying dra-wing, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a hollow piston having my invention applied theretoand showing the piston within the cylinder, which isin section;

Fig. 2 is a like view ,but showing the piston in section, and taken on the line 2--2 Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the plston and showing the cylinder in cross-section;

As illustrated inthe drawing l designatesv the piston, which is provided with the annular hollow piston or chamber 2 within the same, with the side walls 3 surrounding such portion and end walls 4 over the same. Vithin such hollow portion 2 is the usual wrist-pin 5, which extends across the same and is supported in bearings 6 formed in the side wall 3. Within the side walls 3 of the piston l and at one end of the same is the annular seat or groove 7 for `the reception of the usual piston or acking ring 8, which 'is movable around andD within said seatand is of the well known split form'. AAt the other end of the piston ,1' and within the side wall-s 3 and` adjacent the end wall 4 is the annular seat .or groove 9, which is of greater depth and length than the seat 7 and has a plurality of openings 10 leading through said side walls. Each ofthe openings 10 communicate with an inclined groove or passage-way 11 formed in the end wall 4 of the piston 1 and leading from the face of said end wall inwardly to the inner end of said openings. Within the seat 9 is the master or supporting ring 12, which is of the split form, by being formed in a single section and connected to# gether at end portions 13 by4 a miter or oblique lapped joint 14, and such ring is providedwith lug portions 15 on its inner face, each of which extends into each of the openings 10.v These lug portions 15 act to keep the ring 12 in position in the seat 9, so that the joint 14 on the ring will not register with the openings 10 by moving along the seat in front of such openings. The openings 10 are smaller' in depth than the seat 9 inv order to form shoulders 10 in the side walls 3, for fitting over the lugs 15 and against which the ring 12 bears in order to overcome any loss of compression byvpreventing the explosive mixture from passing around the edges of the said lugs and ring and through said openings from the grooves 11. The ring 12 is provided with an annular flange 16 extending out from the outer face of the same, which acts to form the two seats 17' between the same and the ends of the groove 9, and within each of said seats is the piston ring 17 for bearing against the cylinder wall a of the cylinder. These piston rings 17 are of the usual split form and have the single section connected together at their end portions 18 by a miter or oblique lapped joint 19, and such rings are movable around the seats 17' in bearing against the cylinder wall a.

The lugs 15 on the supporting ring 12 are formed slightly smaller than the openings 10 in order to allow sufficient play or clearance in the openings to prevent binding therein and permit the operating fluid to strike the saine, thereby forcing the ring 12 outward to enable the ring 17 to come against the cylinder Wall a.

In operation of my improved piston 1 within the cylinder A, such piston will travel in the usual back and forth movement therein by reason of the explosive mixture striking the end of the piston in the usual manner, and in order to move the piston rings 17 against the cylinder wall a, a portion of such mixture will pass through the passageavays or grooves 11 and impinge against the rear face of the lugs 15 on the supporting ring 12, vand this action of the explosive mixture will press the ring 12 and rings 17 mounted on the outer face of said ring 12 outward, so thatthe ringsA 17 will come against the cylinder wall a and thus prevent any of such mixture passing by and between said rings, piston wall 3 and said cylinder Wall.

Various modifications and changes in the design and construction of my improved piston may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

It will thus be seen that the use of my improved piston will provide a tight lit of the same to the cylinder bore or wall, and will enable the outer piston or packing rings used with the same to be worn down to a small thickness before requiring renewal.

It will also bel seen that the outer piston or packing rings will engage the cylinder bore or wall more closely and without much friction between the parts` and enable the full force of the explosive mixture to act in moving the piston, yet at the same time prevent leakage of such mixture along these piston rings` and thereby overcome any loss of power in moving the piston by such leaka e.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An internal combustion engine piston f having its outer side walls provided with a seat within the outer face of the same and openings in said seat extending through said wall, said piston having its end wall provided with grooves leading to said openings,` a supporting split ring within said seat, split piston rings carried by said first named ring, and lug portions on said first named ring extending into said openings and adapted to hold the split portion of said ring away from said openings, said lug portions being adapted to receive a portion of the operating fluid passing through said grooves for forcing said rings outward and said last named rings against the cylinder wall.

2. An internal combustion engine piston having its outer side walls provided with a seat within the outer face of the same and openings in said seat extending through said wall, said piston having its end wall provided with grooves leading to said openings, a supporting split ring within said seat, split piston rings carried by said first named ring, lug portions on said first named ring extending into said openings and adapted to hold the split portion of said ring away from said openings, said lug portions being adapted to receive a portion of the operating fluid passing through said grooves for forcing said rings outward and said last named rings against the cylinder wall, and

shoulders on said side wall extending into said openings for fitting around said .lug portions and for bearing against said first named ring.

3. An internal combustion engine piston having its outer side wall provided with a seat within the outer face of the same and openings in said seat extending through said wall, said piston having its end wall provided with grooves leading tosaid openings, a supporting split ring within said seat having a flange extending out from the same, split piston rings carried by said first named ring, and lug portions on said first 1I named ring extending into said openings and adapted to hold the split portion of said ring away from said openings, said lug portions being adapted to receive a portion of the operating fluid passing through said 1I grooves for forcing said rings outward and said 'last named rings against the cylinder wall.

4. An internal combustion engine piston having its outer side walls provided with a 1 seat within the outer' face of the same and openings in said seat extending through said wall, said piston having its end wall provided with grooves leading to said openings` a supporting split ring within said 1 seat, split piston rings carried by said first named ring and supported by said wall and flange` lug portions on said first named ring extending into said openings and adapted to hold the split portion of said ring away 1 means from said openings, said lug portions being adapted to receive a portion of the operating fluid passing through said grooves for forcing said rings outward and said last named rings against the cylinder Wall, and shoulders on said side Wall extending into said openings for fitting around said lug portions and for bearing against said first named ring.

In testimony whereof, I, the said FRANCIS 10 J ZIPPLER, have hereunto set m hand.

FRANCIS J. ZI PLER. Witness:

J. M. GEOGHEGAN.

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