US1360182A

US1360182A - Method for propulsion of ships, boats, and flying-machines

Info

Publication number: US1360182A
Application number: US258170A
Authority: US
Inventors: Cortes Salustio Valdes
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-10-04
Filing date: 1918-10-15
Publication date: 1920-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 1937-11-23
Also published as: US1460948A; GB124012A; DE364138C

Description

I U s. v. corms. METHOD FOR PROPULSION 0F SHIPS AND FLYING MACHINES.

, BOATS APPLICATION FILED OCT. 15, 1918.

Patented Nov. 23, 1920.

7SHEETS-SHEET I.

WITNESSES A TI'ORNEVS s. v. CORTES.

METHOD FOR PROPULSION OF'SHIPS, BOATS, AND FLYING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 15, 1918- Patented Nov. 23, 1920.

7SHEETSSHEET 3.

INVENTOR WITNESSES Arm/mas S. V. CORTES.

METHOD FOR PROPULSION 0F SHIPS, BOATS, AND FLYING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 15. 1918.

1,360, 182 Pafiented Nov. 23, 1920.

ISHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESSES INVENTOI? JQWE fih/asf/o Va/des'Carle A TTOR/VEYS S. V. CORTES.

METHOD FOR PROPULSION 0F SHIPS, BOATS, AND FLYING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 15, I9I8.

Patented Nov. 23, 1920.

7SHEETSSHEET 5.

A TTOR/VEVS s. v. CORTES.

METHOD FOR PROPULSION 0F SHIPS, BOATS, AND FLYING MACHI NES.

Patented Nov. 23, 1920.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-15,1918.

w/r/vEssm "vi/Ewan By M ATTORNEYS s. v. CORTES.

METHOD FOR PROPULSION 0F SHIPS, BOATS. AND FLYING MACHINES.

0 2. 9 1T E 3 24 m 0% N m m a P m m C 0 D m H N 0 H A C U P P A "VI/EN TOR jam/7'0 Va/da (or/e5 WITNESSES A TTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SALUSTIO VALDES CORTES, 0F VALPARAISO, CHILE.

METHOD FOR PROPULSION OF SHIPS, BOATS, AND FLYING'MACHIN ES.

Application filed October 15, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SALUSTIO VALmis tonriis, a citizen of the Republic of Chile, and a resident of the city of Valparaiso, at lflumher 268 Avenida del Brazil, (.hile, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Tl lethods for-Propulsion of vShips, Boats, and Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

lily invention relates to propulsion mechanism of the rotating bladeor paddle wheel type, mounted on a vertical, horizontal or inclined shaft, at the Sl(l@S,l')Ott0n1, bow or stern of a vessel.

Hitherto such propeller wheels provided with two or more blades have been arranged to rotate wholly immersed in the medium in which they are employed, air or water, within an impermeable circular hood or casing, lmown as a paddle box, which covers or screens one half or more of the surface of revolution described by the edges of the rotating blades. The hoods or casings were adapted f concentric movement around the paddle wheel in ere to permit a control of the direction of propulsive effort.

The object of my invention. consists essen tially in new and useful improvements in e structure of the hood or casin which as in inve tions is completely sub-- god, and covers approximately one half 2. more of the paddle wheel, but which I cons oral sides and with holes or openings and deflecting plates or vanes in its periphery, whereby I obtain a greater efficiency of proiou than has previously been attained lVlL-l'l submerged paddle wheels and boxes, togother with a lifting or sustaining effort which is especially useful when my system of propulsion is mounted on submarine vesor airships and aeroplanes. Constructed in this manner, the action of my improved propelling mechanism may be.

said to he a combination of the paddle wheel and the turbine, thus characterizing and distinguishing it from all previous inventions.

When it is applied to submarine and air vessels, it has certain important advantages which are especially notable in the case of air vessels of the heavier than air type, which require a maximum of lifting or sustaining power: to be communicated from their engines. These advantages may be stated as follows: y

(1) Great lifting power, permitting the Specification of Letters Patent.

root with permeable or perforated la'tjlf atentml Nov. 23, 1920.

Serial No. 258,170.

vesselto rise quickly within a short space or run,

(2) Possibility of varying the velocity of surface in case of accident.

The general arrangement of my mechanism consists as informer inventions, of a paddle wheel. which may be installed in any suitable part of a vessel with a vertical, horizontal or inclined shaft, conveniently connected to a power source; and a paddle box or casing which covers approximately one half or more of the paddle wheel, and

which may be fixed to or built in the body or hull ofa vessel or airship, or it can be made movable about its axis by means of any suitable mechanism with the object of permitting a control of the direction of the propulsive or lifting effort of the paddle wheel blades.

Permeable casing or paddle Z20ac.-The casing as I have already stated constitutes the essential feature of my invention. It must be constructed with permeable lateral sides and with perforations or with openings and deflecting platesor vanes in its periphery, so that the element in which the propeller ro tates has free access in and out of the holes or openings both inthe sides and periphery.

The deflecting vanes may be fixed or movable.

This new and special form of construe tion of the paddle box has for its objects, (1) the reduction to a minimum of the friction losses against the insides of the casing, and (2) the utilization of the centrifugal force of the revolving medium, air or water, confined in the casing by converting it into propulsive or lifting effort.

Figures 1 and 2 are respectively vertical sectional and side elevations of one form of the invention.

Figs. 3 and l are respectively side and sectional views of another form.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of another modification. v

. form including manual means for adjusting the vanes.

Fig. 14 is a side' elevation of a windmill with my improvement attached.

Figs. 15. and 16 are respectively transverse and longitudinal sections of another modification.

. Figs. 17 and 18 are respectively front and longitudinal sections of a further modification.

Figs. 19 and 20 are respectively side and transverse sectional views of a further modification.

Figs. 21 and 22 are respectively side and plane views of a still further modification.

Figs. 23 and 2% are cross section and side elevation respectively of marine vessels equipped with my improvements.

Figs. 25 and'26 are views corresponding to Figs. 23 and 24 respectively but showing adifferentarrangement of the propelling devices.

igs. 2'? and 2S correspond respectively to Figs. 23 and 24. but indicating still further variations of the application of my improvement.

Fig; 29 is a diagram of the side of a submarine body indicating my improvement arranged to lift the vessel.

Figs. 30 and 31 are respectively a cross section and aside elevation of a vessel in which'the power devices have their shafts arranged perpendicular 'to the vertical plane of the vessel.

Figs. 32 and are respectively a plan view and side elevation of an aeroplane having two propellers arranged thereon.

Fig. 345 is a side elevation of a hydroplane with my'improvement thereon.

Figs. and 36 are respectively side and front elevations of a windmill with my improvement thereon.

is is shown in Fig. 1, which represents a sectional front elevation of the paddle 1 and its casing 2, the water or air has free access in and out of the holes 3 in the lateral. sides 4 of the casing. In this way the friction of the moving mass of water or air on theinside walls 5 of the casing is seen to be materially reduced, as itis practically that of water against water, or air against air, whereaswith impermeable paddle boxes as'used .in former inventions, the friction losses were of considerable importance.

Fig. 2, represents a side view of a paddle wheel 1 with its casing 2 showing the holes or perforations 3 in the lateral sides. and the openings 9 in the perighery 10. together with the deflecting plates or vanes ll. lt will immediately be seen from Fig. how the centrifugal force of the revolving medium inside the paddle box is utilized as in a turbine. and converted into lifting and propulsive effort. In fact. thrusts in three main directions are obtained. a lifting thrust A, (2) a propulsive thrust both of which are produced by the rotating blades. while (3) is a combined lifting and propulsive thrust (l which is converted from the centrifugal force by the impingement and deflection of the revolving water or air on the vanes 11.

Figs. 3 and 4 represent sides and sectional elevations of one. form of my improved system as applied to ship propulsion and which is suitable for use on submarine vessels. In Fig. 3. the four bladed propeller is shown inside the movable casing 13 which is supported in position by the annular guide 14.

In Fig. 1'. the propeller is shown at 12 inside the casing 13, this being constructed with a boss or hub 15 on which is keyed a worm wheel 16 which may be caused to retate by means of the worm 17 in combination with a servomotor or any other suitable mechanism. The circular guide ll for the casing is sho vn in section. V

Fig. 5 shows another form of the up plication of my casing when used in combination with a horizontal propeller for ship propulsion. Here the paddles 21 are shown inside the permeable casing 22 which isheld in position by means of the stays 2 3- inside a water-tight casing 21-. The shaft may be directly or otherwise connected with a source of power. perforated cover-plate 26 is used to protect: the space 2. between the water-tight casing 2-4: and the permeable casing 22. the perforations 28 in the cover-plate being necessary to give free access of the water to the permeable casing.

Figs. 6 and 7 show side and front ele tions of the permeable casing shown at 22 in Fig. 5, wherein the. lateral and peripheral perforations are shown at 29 and 3() respectively.

Figs. 8 and 9 show side and sectional front elevations of a casing in which the openings and vanes of the periphery are constructed in the form of buckets as shown at 31.

In the side view of the using shown at Fig. 10, I have indicated a preferred form of construction making use of slots and deflecting planes or vanes in the lateral sides of the casing, the siee vanes or deflectors being shown at 32.

Fig. 11 is a front elevation of the casing shown in F ig. 10, in which the construction llHl of the peripheral buckets is depicted at 33.

Fig. 12 shows the propelling mechanism 34: as applied to an aeroplane.

Fig. 13 shows one form, of the mechanism which I apply for the purpose ofvarying the angle of the deflecting vanes in order to control the combined lifting and propulsional thrust 0 indicated in Fig. 1 The vanes 35 are shown hinged at 36 and are each connected by hinges 37 to the bent rod 38 which may be moved backward Ward by means of the lever 39 which is c0ntrolled by the handle l-0 by means of the shaft and screw-thread 4.1.

Fig. 14: shows the paddle wheel constructed in the form of a flywheel 42 with suitable blades or vanes 43. The permeable casing is shown at 414-, the Whole being mounted on a suitable support or framework 45. A weather vane as is provided to maintain the casing at the proper angle to the direction of the wind.

Fig. 15 represents a cross sectional eleva tion of the paddles 4'? andthe casing 428, the water or air has free access in and out of the holes 49 in the lateral sides of the casing. i

Fig. 16 represents a sectional side view of a paddle wheel 47 with the casing l8 which envelops a sector of about 243 degrees of the paddle wheel, and showing the holes or perforations l9 in the lateral sides and the openings in the periphery, together with the deflecting vanes 50. fl he arrows indicate the direction of the rotation of the paddle wheel 457' and that of the medium, water or. air, in which the propeller works. It will immediately be seen from Fig. 16 how the centrifugal force of the revolving medium inside the paddle-bo2z isutilized as in a turbine, and converted into propulsive effort.-

In fact, thrusts in two main directions are obtained, (1) the thrusts A. B. which are produced directly by the rotating blades in the medium in which. they are submerged, and (2) thrust (l which is produced. by the reaction of the centrifugal force by the,

impingement and deflections of the revolving water or air on the vanes 50 of the casing". y

Figs. 17 and. 18 represent respectively a cross sectional elevation of the paddle and casing, and a side view of the same. In the 17 and 18 the casing covers a sector of the paddle wheel of about 21.0 degrees. It will immediately be seen in Fig. 18 (as in Fig. 16) that the direction of the force A with relation to the forces B. (l, is in this case practically perpendicular. This disposition of the forces A. B. C. is very convenient for application to an air vessel, of the heavier than air type.

In this case the force A would be utilized principally as a lifting or sustaining force, while B. C. can be utilized as the propulsive forces of the vessel.

and for Figs. 19 and 20 represent respectively a side elevation of a casing and a cross sectional elevation of the same, showing another of the forms or arrangements for making the casing movable around its axis, such as We have already seen in Fig. 4; of the specifications. in the case of l igs. l9 and 20 the casing is moved by means of the geared wheel 5i iixed to the casing or forming part of it, wh1ch may, be rotated by means of the worm or pinion 52 in combination with a handle or any other suitable mechanism.

Figs. 21 and 22 represent respectively a side elevation of the casing and a plan of the same, of another form or arrangement for moving the vanes of the periphery, than that shown in Fig. i3 of the specifications. In the Figs. 21 and 22 the vanes of the periphery are constructed with an additional casing or guide piece or hood 62 hinged to the permeable casing at 63. This casing 62 may he moved backward and forward by means of the screwed shaft 65 working in a nut 66 attached to the permeable casing.

Figs. 21 and 22 show one of the forces or arrangements for moving the lateral vanes or slats55 which are attached to the permeable casing near the holes or openings 5? by means of the hinges 56. These slats 55 may be moved backward and forward by means of the toothed. forked bar or shaft 58 connected with the pinion 59 and the lever 60, or other suitable mechanism.

Figs. 23 and 2st represent respectively a cross sectional elevation of a vessel and a side elevation of the same showing the pe sition of the shaft 68 of the turbine propeller 67 and its motor 69 with relation to the direction of the movement.

In this case the propellers 67 are dis tributed on both sides of the bottom of the vessel and their shafts work in a position parallel to the vertical plane of the said vessel:

This position of the shafts has the advantage ofgiving the maximum power for turn ing or. for giving lateral movement to the vessel.

Figs. 25 and 26 represent respectively a crosssectional elevation of a vessel and a side elevation of the same showing the position of the shaft 71 of a turbine propeller 70 and its motor '72 with relation to the direction of the movement. In this case the propellers '70 are distributed on both sides of the vessel and their shafts 71 work in a perpendicular position to the vertical plane of the said vessel.

Fig. 27 represents a cross sectional elevation of a vessel showing the position of the shaft 74. of a turbine propeller '73 and its motor 75 with relation to the direction of the movement. In this case the propellers 73 are distributed on both side of the bilge with relation to the movement.

of the vessel and the shafts work in an inclined position to the vertical plane of the said vessel.

w- 1 1g. 28 represents 'a cross sectional elevation of a to "pedo and a side elevation of the same and its motor, showing the position of the shaft 76 withrelation to the .peller and movable casing fixed to the hull in a position for producing a lifting movement of the vessel. In this case the shaft 78 works in a position perpendicular to the vertical plane of tne said vessel.

30 and 31 represent respectively a ross sectional elevation of a vessel and side elevation of the same showing the position of the shaft with relation to the direction of the movement. In this case the propellers 79 are distributed on both sides of the vessel andtheir shafts 80 work in perpendicular position to the vertical plane of the saidvessel. v

F igsh32 and 33 represent respectively a plan of an aeroplane and a side elevation of the same with two turbine propellers S2 and 83 coupled to one shaft. 84 of the motor 85 showing the position of the shaft Set In this case the two propellers 82 and 83 are installed one'on'each side of the aeroplane and their tical plane of the said windmill.

The position of the shaft of the propeller with respect to the vertlcal plane of the vehicle or ship in which it is employed, de-

pends essentially on the class of vessel and the use to which it is destined. This shalt may be placed to work in any position pcrpendicular, parallel or inclined to the vertical plane of the ship. iitlce Figs. 25, 26, 23, 2st and 27.

Figs. 3 and i.'lhcsc figures have no other signification than to demonstrate graphically what is understood by movable permeable casing. They show one of the ways in which the permeable casing may he moved around the axis of the propeller by means of the stuiiing box and a handle or lever by which the mechanisn'i is adjusted from the interior of the vessel. The details showing the roller, the flanged rim, and angle irons which fix it to the side of the vessel may be suppressed as these details have no other object than to indicate, if necessary, how a guide or suitable arrangement may be adapted to the wheel to assist in maintaining the permeable casing in positien. See Figs. 19 and 20.

Treating of this matter generally l will. say that as the form as well as the arrangement of the wheel, and also the permeable casing which covers it in part. and its attachment to the hull, depend on the purpose for which the propeller is to be applied, to delermine the proper form of this turbine propeller and its installation, it is necessary to construct it combining the qualities of the paddle wheel and the turbine in order to obtain the greatest amount possible of the forces developed by the rotation ol the blades in the medium in which they work.

I claim:

1.. In a device of the class set forth, the combination with a frame, a power shaft, and a rotating wheel, comprising blades driven thereby, of a permeable casing having perforations in its lateral sides and periphery and enveloping at least one half of said rotating wheel.

2. In a marine vessel, the combination with a power shaft and a rotating wheel driven thereby, connqrising blades, of :1. permeable casing having perforations in its lateral sides and periphery and enveloping at least one half of said rotating wheel, and deflecting vanes cooperating with said per lorations in the casing.

SALUSTIO VALUES CORTES.