US1359285A - John roy stark - Google Patents

Description

I I. n. STARK. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND MAGNETO. APPLICATION FILED NOV. l4, I918.

1,359,235, Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

I u I y y 77 nut 42 a! 79 O I, I a

2/ I 4 3 2'2 la ..I Z0 63 m I, I 75" \f'ao 77 A T I I 80 I I G I I 2 SllEi'l'S-SHEET 2.

6 nvw 5 MM w w MW 7 Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

J. R. STARK.

INTERNAL comausnou ENGINE AND MAGNETO.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. H, 1918- 1,359,285.

/ u v m UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN ROY STARK, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO WEBSTER ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF RAGINE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE AND MAGNETO.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

Application and November 14, 1918. Serial No. 262,483.

To all whom. it may concern..- 7

Be itknown that I, JOHN RoY STARK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Racine, in the county of Racine and State of WVisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines and Magnetos, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates" to internal combustion enginesand magnetos therefor, and is especially concerned with the provision of magneto which can be economlcall manufactured, to be used in connection with small engines now generally employed for operating washing machines, pumps, feed cutters, and other apparatus requiring but a small amount of power. These engines are of comparatively cheap construction, and it has been practically the universal custom to supply thecurrent for the ignition system by meansof' batteries, for the reason that magnetos of the usual construction are too expensive to be employed with such engines.

The objects of my invention are: D

(1) To provide an internal combustion engine with a magneto which can be economically manufactured.

scribed which can be secured to the frame of an internal combustion en inc and driven from a movable part of sai engine by very simple driving connections.

(4') To provide an internal combustion engine comprising a crank case having a bearing in one side thereof, a crank shaft journaled in said bearing, a cover for the side of said crank case 0 posite said bearing, the cover being rovide with an opening, a magneto secured to saidcover and having its armature shaft extending through said opening, and means formin drivmg connections between-said crank s aft and armature shaft, these driving connections'bcing such that the cover and 'magneto can be removed from the crank caseas' a unitary structure.

(5) To provide a. magnetocomprisi'ng a supporting member haying a bore therein, a

body member rotatably supported by said supporting member, an armature journaled in said body member, a permanent magnet secured to said body member and having its poles dis osed on opposite sides of the arma ture, an means permitting the body member to be adjusted in said supporting memher to either advance or retard the spark. And

(6) To provide a magneto comprising a novel form of armature which permits the ignition current to be taken from the armature by very simple means. Q

Other objects will appear as the description progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

F lgure 1 is a longitudinal section through an engine equipped with my improved ma neto.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of my improved ma neto.

fig. 3 is an elevation of the end of the magneto shown in Fig. 2, with the insulating caps removed from both the armature and the body member.

Fig. 4 is acentral longitudinal section through my improved magneto. And

Figs. 5, 6' and 7 are transverse sections taken upon the lines 5'5, 6-6, and 7-7 respectivel of Fig. i 4.

In the rawings, similar reference characters refer to similar parts.

My invention relates in particular to that type of internal combustion engine which comprises a crank case having but a sin is hearing, formed on one side thereof, or supporting the crank shaft. This construction is employed in engines of the type referred to above, on account of the cheapness of this structure. I have accordingly lllIlS trated my invention in connection with an engine of this type and do not claim any invention in the details of this engine except as these details enter into the novel combination set forth in certain of the claims ap ended hereto.

eferring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, wherein I have illustrated in a conventional manner a two-cycle engine of the type referred to, the reference character 10 indicates the crank case of this engine, which forms the compression chamber in a wellknown manner. This crank case is provided at one side with a removable member 11,

elongated bearing 12 in which is journaled the crank shaft 13. The inner end of the crank shaft 13 is provided with a crank disk 14, carrying the usual crank pin 15. A pitman 16 connects the crank pin with the piston 17 in the usual well-known manner.

a The side of the crank case opposite the bearing 12 is provided with a cover 18 having a central opening 19, which is substantially concentric with the crank shaft 13. This cover is held in place by means of suitahle'screws 20. The reference character 21 indiciitesjas a whole my improved ma neto, the details of the construction of which will be described later. This magneto is Secured by means of screws 22 to the cover 18 in such a, manner as to close the opening 19 in the coverand thereby seal the compression chamber.

Referring to Ifig. 4, 11 improved magneto comprises a supporting member 23, provided with a longitudinally:extending bore and having at one end the inwardly-extending V flange 24 forminga thrust bearing. At the same end the supportin member 23 is provided with an outwar ly-extending flange 25 which is provided with counter-sunkbores 26 for receiving the screws 22 whicl1 secure the magneto to the cover 18. The reference character 27 indicates as a whole the body member of my improved magneto, which is provided with a stepped cylindrical extension, the portion 28 of which is of larger diameter than the portion 29. The portion 29 of the cylindrical extension is journaled in the bore of thesupporting member 23, and comprises a shoulder 30, which co-acts with the thrust bearing. 24. A pair of oppositely-disposedscrews 31 are threaded through the walls of the supporting member 23 and have their inner ends reduced. as shown at 32. The reduced ends of these screws project through arcuai'e slots formed in the walls of the portion 29 of the cylindrical extension of the body member;

These screws )erform the function oi: holdingthe shoulder of the body member against the thrust bearing 2st of the supporting member, and also act as limiting etc as to limit the rotary movement of the boy member relative to the supporting member. The body member is held in any one of its adjusted positions relative to the supporting member by means of the plunger 34, which is slidably mounted in a suitable bore in the wall of the portion 29 of the cylindrical extension, and its. outer rounded end is urged vinto any one of a plurality of depressions formed in the thrust bearing 24: by means of a spring 35. Only one of these depres sions is illustrated, but it will be readily understood that these depressions are arranged on an arc of a circle having the axis of the cylindrical extension as its center.

The body member 27 is provided with a bore which in part forms a continuation of the bore in the cylindrical extension and receives an armature which is indicated as a whole by the reference character 36. This armature comprises-a disk-she ed end plate 37 whiclrhas formed integra ly therewith and extending from one side'thereof the shaft 38. The shaft 3,8 is rotatably mounted in a pair of ballb'earin s 39 and 40 respectively which are secure in spaced relation in the bore of the portion 29. ofthe cylindr qa xt nfi 2 I end f t jshaft: -3 pro ects beyondthe end of the supporting member d has s c red the an a m provided at ts freeend with a $lot14=1 for receiv ng the pin projecti from the free. end otthe crank pin 15. y this connection it will beseen that: as the [crank pin r a es. th -a matu e oi he, mag eto will be driven substantially in synohronism with the crank shaft of the engine. p I

h a m ure (furthe somp i esa ro bar 42formed.o f nectangularly shaped laminations, the outer-,lazn inations 43, oi which r i ke t a he i n n am mtiqns, t es men a shap dlp le piesesia anos ti ne 9 0 p sts i es-ht the-sme t r 4 24AM the c o s er ndtheipelsiniwss tesemrcd t h nd plate-31h) mea sb fl eiserews 4 w h pass through suite ejhelestin the P l n ec e owend oi h rectangu ar r ss pi ev li e. cro ea carri s two windings, a primary "win 6 and; a ondary winding 41, these windings for thBgPl-IIP OSQ. ofclearness diagrammatirally illustratediin Fig- 4=,, One end 0fithe primary winding securedto-the inner end of the pivot pin 48, ,upo 'whiqhggis pivoted the bell crank leveriil-iwi v, crank lever 49 is provided with a contact 50 which co-acts with one end of the contact screw 51, which is IQOHntedinthe-lugfiZfln plate 53. The plate 53 is secured-to the-end plate 37- of the iarmatnreJby means of: the screws 54, and is insulated from'the end plate by means of ldiesheetof insulation and insulated fromlthe screws .54; by means of the insulating'bushin s 56. The lug. 52 is slotted: as shown at 5 and this slot is spannedrbywa screw-58 which when tightened actsto lock the contact screw 51 in: its adjustedpositlon. The end of the bell crank lever- 49,'opposite the contact 50., is provided with: a fiber plug 59, which eo-acts with the' cam 60. to separate-the contact 50 from the contact "screw 51 at the proper instant and to holdithese two contacts opened during slightly more than; onerha-lf a revolution of the armature. A spring 61, one,

end of which is passed about the pin 48 and secured to the contact end of the lever 49. and the other end of which is secured to a stud 62 formed into a1 with the end plate 37, tends to close 1: e contacts 50 and .51..

From an inspection of Fig. 4 it will be seen that the cylindrical cam 601s provided with an inwardly extending flange 63, the function of which will be referred to later on. As stated above, one end of the primary winding of the armature is connected with the pivot pin 48. The other end of this winding, as shown in Fig. 4, extends through the end plate 37 and contacts with the plate 53, forming a part of the interrupter mechanism. This terminal of the primary winding is, of course, insulated from the end plate 37 in any suitable manner. A condenser (not shown) is connected across the terminals of the primary winding in the usual manner.

One end of the secondary winding is grounded upon the armature, as indicated at 64, and the other end is connected with a contact pin 65 which is located centrally of the insulating cap 66, which is secured by means of screws to the end of the armature opposite the shaft 38. The screws which hold the cap to the armature enter into the screw-threaded openings 67 in' the segmental pole pieces of the armature as shown in Fig. 3. A cap 68 of insulating material is secured to the outer end of the body member by means of screws 69, which enter the openings 70 shown in Fig. 3. The cap 68 has embedded therein a binding post 71, to the inner end of which is secured a spiral contact 72 which contacts with the contact pin 65 of the armature so as to receive current from this contact pin while the armature is in motion. The cap 68 is provided with a bore 73, which receives a terminal at the magneto end of the conductor 74: (see Fig. 1), which is secured to the binding post 71 by means of the screw 7 The cap 68 also carries a pivot pin 76 upon which is pivoted the grounding switch 77, as shown in Figs. 2 and a. The conducting strip 78 connects the pin 76 with the body member. A permanent magnet 79 is carried by the body member and disposed with its poles at opposite sides of the armature. Soft iron pole pieces 80 are cast into the body member, and their inner faces are suitably conformed to the curvature of the armature.

The portion 28 of the cylindrical extension of the body member is provided with an arcuate-shaped opening 81, which per inits inspection and adjustment of the interrupter mechanism. A sleeve 82, which slides upon the portion 28 of the cylindrical extension, forms a closure for the opening 81, but is provided with an arcuate opening 83, which can be brought to register with the opening 81 so as to permit access to the interrupter mechanism. The sleeve 82 is held in its closed position by means of a plunger 84, slidably mounted in the body member and urged outwardly by means of a spring 85. The outer end of the plunger 84 is rounded and projects into a hole 86 in the sleeve 82 to lock the sleeve 82 to the body member. A groove 87, formed in the inner side of the sleeve 82, receives the outer end of the pin 84 when the sleeve 82 is rotated to bring the openings 81 and 83 into re ister.

rorn an inspection of F igs. 4 and 6 it will be seen that the body member is provided with a radially extending duct 88, which opens into a longitudinally extending groove 89 at the bottom side of the body member. This groove discharges through an opening 90 formed in the lower side of the ring 82. The purpose of these openings and duct is to form a passage for draining away any oil which may escape from the space between the ball bearings 39 and 40, and it will be noted that 'the flange 63 of the cam 60 provides a sort of barrier for causing any oil that may escape through the bearings tO to flow into the opening 88. Oil is supplied to the space between the bearings 39 and 40 by removing one of the screws 31.

The inner end of the tubular extension of the body member at the point where it surrounds the inner end of the shaft 38 is provided with a packing ring 91, which is held in place by means of a split washer 92. A convex spring plate 93 surrounds the inner end of the shaft 38, and packing ring 94 fills the space between the arm 40 and the spring plate 93. The purpose of the packing ring 91 and 94 and the spring plate 93 is to provide an airtight seal for this end of the magneto. so that compression can be maintained in the crank case of the engine.

In operation the armature is rotated in synchronism with the crank shaft of the engine-by reason of the connection between its shaft and the crank shaft. This means that two electrical impulses will be produced in the primary winding of the armature during each rotation of the crank shaft. One of these impulses is suppressed, however, b reason of the fact that the cam 60 holds t e contacts 50 and 51 separated during slightly more than one-half the period of rotation of the armature. The relation of the cam and the circuit breaker is, however, 115 such that the interrupter contacts are opened at substantially the instant when one of the electrical impulses at its maximum strength. The current in the primary cir switch 7'? is open,that is, when this switch is disconnected from the screw '75. In the position of the switch shown in Figs. 2 and t the secondary winding is short-circuited, and the engine will not, therefore, operate with the switch in this position.

By rotating the body member and the permanent magnet therewith in one direction relative to the supporting member, the spark will be advanced, and by rotating it in the opposite direction the spark will be retarded in a manner which will be apparent to those skilled in this art.

From the above description it will be clear that I have provided a magneto which is simple in construction, economical to manufacture, and contains no parts which are liehie to get out of order. Its arrangement relative to the moving parts of the engine is such that it permits it very simple driving connection between the piston of the engine and the magneto, and the mugneto can he removed from the engine as a unit simply by removing the bolts which hold the cover 18 in position and lifting the cover and the magneto thereof as a unitary structure.

'hiie I have described the details of the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that my invention is not limited to these details but is capable of other adaptations and modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, whet I claim is:

1. The combination with a two oycle interns combustion engine comprising crank cnse serving as a compression chamher and havinga bearing extending from one side thereof. a crank shaft mounted in said hearing. a crank pin carried by said crank shaft, and a cover for the side of said crank case opposite said hearing, the said cover being provided with an opening. of e magneto comprising, a supporting member hav ng: a bore extending therethrough, s body member rotatably mounted in said supporting member, on armature in said hodv member having a shaft journaled in the said body member and extending through said opening, means for securing the supporting member of said cdrer so that said armature will be substantially coaxial. with said crank shaft, a generating winding on said armature, (in erting: means on said armature and said body member for inter ruptin r the circuit oi? said winding, the means on said body member being rotatable relative to the means of said armature to time the interruption, a permanent magnet secured to said body member and rotatable therewith, with its poles disposed on opposite sides of said armature, an insulating cap secured to the end of the armature opposite said shaft, 21 second insulating cap closin the end of said body member, co-ncting re atively-movable contacts on said caps, on :Ll'lli secured to the end of said shaft extending through said opening in the cover, co- :icting with said crank pin to rotate said ormature sheft, and means carried by the end of said shaft adjacent said cover for sealing the magneto against the compression in said crank case.

The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a crank case having a bearing extending from one side thereof, a crank shaft mounted in said bearing, a crank pin carried by said crank shaft, and a. cover for the side of said crank case .opposite said bearing, the said cover being pro vided with an opening, of a magneto comprising a supporting member having a. bore extending therethrough, a body member rotzitably mounted in said supporting member, an armature in said body member having a shaft journaled in the said body memher and extending through said opening, means for securing the supporting member of said cover so that said armature will be substantially co-axiztl with said crank shaft, in generating winding on said armature, c0- acting means on said armature and said body member for interrupting the circuit of said winding, a permanent magnet secured to said body member and rotatable therewith, with its poles disposed on opposite sides of said armature, an insulating cap secured to the end of the armature opposite said shaft, a second insulating cap closing the end of said body member, co-acting relatively-movable contacts on said caps, an arm secured to the end of said shaft extending through said opening in the cover, and coacting with said crank pin to rotate said ormeturc shaft.

3. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a. crank case how ing 2 bearing extending from one side thereof, a crank shaft mounted in said bearing, the side of said crank case opposite said bearing being provided with an opening, a cover therefor, of a magneto comprising a supporting member having a bore extending therethrough, a body member rotatably mounted in said supporting member, an an nurture in said body member having a shaft journnled in the said body member and extending through said opening, means for securing the supporting member to said cover so that said armature will be substantially co-axial with said crank shaft, 3. generating winding on said armature, a permanent magnet secured to said body member and rotatable therewith, with its poles disposed on opposite sides of said armature, an insulating cap secured to the end of the armature opposite said shaft, a second in suleting cap closing the end of said body member, co-acting relatively-movable contacts on said caps, and means for driving said armature shaft from said crank shaft 4. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a crank case having a bearing on one side thereof and a crank shaft journaled in said bearing, the other side of said crank case being provided with an opening, of a magneto comprising a supporting member having a bore therein, a body member rotatably mounted in said bore, an armature in said body member having a shaft extending from one end thereof and through the opening in said crank case, the said shaft being journaled in said body member, a permanent magnet having its poles disposed on opposite sides of said armature, means for driving said shaft from said crank shaft, and means for securing said supporting member to said crank case.

5. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a crank case haw ing a bearing on one side thereof and a crank shaft journaled in said bearing, the other side of said crank case being provided with an opening, of a magneto comprising a supportin member having a bore therein, a body member rotatably mounted in said bore, an armature in said body member having a shaft extending from one end thereof and through the opening in said crank case, the said shaft being journaled in said body member, a permanent magnet having its poles disposed on opposite sides of said armature, and means for driving said shaft from said crank shaft.

6. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a crank case hav ing a bearing extending from one side thereof, a crank shaft journaled in said bearing, and a crank pin secured to said crank shaft, the side of said crank case opposite said bearing being provided with an opening, of a magneto comprising an armature shaft extending through said opening and held substantially co-axial with said crank shaft, a pin on said crank pin, and a slotted arm secured to said armature shaft with the sides of said slot engaging said pin.

7. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a crank case having a bearing extending from one side thereof, a crank shaft journaled in said bearing, and crank pin secured to said crank shaft. the side of said crank case opposite said bearing being provided with an opening, of a magneto comprising an armature shaft extending through said opening, a pin on said crank pin, and a slotted arm secured to said armature shaft with the sides of said slot engaging said pin.

8. A magneto comprising a supporting member having a bore therein, a body member having a hollow cylindrical extension journaled in said bore, an armature in said body member having a shaft rotatably mounted in said hollow extension and projecting beyond said supporting member, primary and secondary windings on said armature, co-actine means on said armature and said body member for interrupting said primary winding, an insulating cap on the end of said armature opposite said shaft, a second insulating cap secured to said body member adjacent said first-named cap, a terminal on said second cap, co-acting contacts on said caps for conducting, the current from one end of said secondary winding to said terminal, a permanent magnet secured to said body member and having its noles disposed on o posite sides of said armature. the said body member comprising a cylindrical portion surrounding said interrupter means and having an arcuate opening therein, a rotatable sleeve closure for said opening. means for preventing, said cylindrical extension from being withdrawn from said supporting member, and means for holding said body member in Various angular positions relative to said supporting member.

9. A magneto comprising a supporting member having a bore therein, a body member having a hollow cylindrical. extension iournaled in said bore, an armature in said body member having a shaft rotatably mounted in said hollow extension, primary and secondary windings on said armature, eo-acting means on said armature and said body member for interrupting said primary winding, an insulating cap on the end of said armature opposite said shaft, a second insulating cap secured to said body member adiacent said first-named can, a terminal on said second cap, co-acting contacts on said cans for conducting the current from one end of said secondary winding to said terminal, a permanent magnet secured to said body member and having its poles disposed on opposite sides of said armature, and means for holdin said body member in various angular positions relative to said so iortin 0 member. 10. A dynamo-electric machine comprislng an armature having an operating shaft extending from one end thereof, the said armature comprising a winding having one terminal grounded, an insulating cap secured to the other end of said armature, a contact connecting with the other end of said winding and secured in said cap, and a stationary contact co-acting with said firstnamed contact for receiving current therefrom.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 8th day of November, 1918,

JOHN ROY STARK. Witnesses:

B. E. NnLsoN, P. G. Cnnwn.

Images