US1358982A

US1358982A - Vania

Info

Publication number: US1358982A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1920-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 1937-11-16

Description

A, PAPIN'. AUTOMATIC HEATER FOR WATER AND THER LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED APFLZE, 1920.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

4 7 M. w w36 fr 33 dei. 4 mouw .w

UNITE-n .STATES PATE-NT OFFICE.

ANTONIO 'PAPINL on PIIILADELPLIIAQPENNSYLVANIA, AssIGNon To A MECIIY COMPANY, or PHILADELPHIA PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION or PENNSYL VANIA.

T all 'it may concern.' y f ABe'it known thatgL ANTONIO P APINI, a subject of the King @f Italy, having lresided inthe United States one year last past, and having declared my .intentions of becoming a citizen thereof residing -in the city vand county of Philadelphia, tate of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful-Automatic'Hea'ter for Water and other Liquid, of which the vfollowing is a, specification,-Y My 'invention vconsists of 1ajnovel construction of .an automatic electric"fheater fon wateror otherliquid, whereinf'I Y'employ a batte4 l ofcarbontubes or openendedv carbon' cy inders connected in 'series with a heat` ing .coil or element, whosefoh'inic resistance is ten times or more,`that of the carbonwhen immersed in water.;

My invention further consists of a novel construction of a heater case, having at its upper'. and Vlower portions porcelainv apertured plates of'novel construction and provided with spacing'devices for enabling the battery of carbon tubes or open endedfcylinders to be accurately and positively-positioned and' retained with respect to each other in said casing.

My invention further consists of a novel manner'of assembling a battery of carbon cylinders, a'porce'lain muffler and its resist ance coil in series with said battery and with respect to the upper and lower apertured porcelain disks and the cover of the casing, whereby all of the parts are effectively housed when in assembled condition, v It further consists of a novel manner of assembling the carbons,'resistanc'coil and their adjuncts, whereb the fluid vif; effectively and V automatical y heated and a free circulationithereofpermitted. A

Itfurther consists of a novel manner of insulating 'and ,sealing the connections for the electrical conductors. i

It further consists of a novel construction of upper and lower apertured insulating disks, which are provided with spacing devices or positioning the battery of carbons employed. v f

. It further consists of other novel features Offconstruction, all as will hereinafter be fully set forth. g

bor the purpose of illustrating Iny invention, I have shownin the accompanying drawings one form thereof which is at presspecification of Letters Patent. l Patented NOV, 16, 192@ Application ma'ApriI 2 6, 1920. seria; No. 376,445.

AUTOMATIC IIEATEPLPOR WATER AND oTHEIg, LIQUIDs.

ent preferred by me, since the same will be found In practlce t0' give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is 'to Vbe understood that the 'various in strumentalitiesV of which my invention consists` can be variously arranged and organized and-that my invention is notv limitedto the precise'arrangement and Organization of these. instrumentalities as herein shownand described.

.Figure llj'represents a'-vertical. sectional v'view 'of-anvautomatic electric liquid heater embodying :my-invention. .:fff'

F1g.2 represents asection on=line12y2 of tig; 8 -representson 'anl enlarged scale-a vertical-sectional view of the' top cover plate, showmg :the lnsulatingiand sealing devices em i, 1

1g. 4 represents a plan view of the under sideof 'the upper porcelain disk employed.

Fig. 5 represents a top plan viewfo'fth'e bottom porcelainfdiskshowing the spacing devices thereon.

Fig. 6 represents-a section on the line 6 6 OfFig.4.'""'V-' Fig. 8 represents 'a`wiring'diagram, showing the electrical connections commonfto the battery of carbon tubes or open'ended'cylinders employed and nthe resistance coil, connected ingseries with said battery. v-

Similar numeralsy of referenceA indicate corresponding parts. 'y v Y 1 designates -Iny-novel construction of electric water heater, wherein I employ thecase 2, which may be cast out of white 'metal or the like, and is provided with'the'bottom 3, having f-a central depressed portion 4.-, wherebythe inlet'chambe'r 5 is formed ,which communicates with the inlet 6 for thewater or other fluid to be heated` the flow 'thereof to said inlet being controlled by'any suitable valve, cock or the like, which it is unnecessary to show or describe in' detail. 7- desig nates the' outlet for the heated liquid, which is located at the lower portion of the case 2, while the upper portlon of the latter is cast open and provided with the horizontal seat or shoulder 8, above which extends the annular flange 9, which is internally threaded at 10. f

11 designates a steam packing washer 'which is supported on the seat 8, and upon which rests the outer deflected ring or flange Fig. 7 represents a side elevation of Fig. 5.d

f screwedinto the ring 14.

1 2 pf the "top merhberis, whiifis iiid in pti s1t1on in the upper part of the case 2 by the externally threaded ring 14, which is screwed 1ntp' 'engagement AvWith the threaded portion 1 0 by 'means of'a spannerwrench or the like, whereby the top ,ofthe case 2is tightly closed or sealed.V v15 designates the" coverfor the electrical connections 16 land 17, which is `-an invertedf'ia'nged cup held in position with respect to ;the ri ng 14 vandthe top 13 by the screws 18, which may be At ltheibottomfof the case 2,- and above the chamber 5, I locate-the disk 19 of-:porcelain lor. .the like' whose shape in cross .section will be vunderstood from the bottom of Fig. 1 andwhich ihas :an .outerflanged porT lugs 255 and `the ,outer ispacingvdugs 26,

which serve-to accurately position vthe bottoms of the carbon tubes or open ended cylind-

e rs

27, 28, and 29, wh i;h areconcentrically arranged in the orderstated, whereby thin, annular,

water circulating passages

30, 31, 32 and 33 `are formed,r.the in nerpassage .30 being in direct communication with; the 'main inlet =6 t hrough the chamber 5- and

ports

24 and 23, as will be understood from 34 des.; ateaaeentral-npenndedJP01 celain m e having. a .coiled resistance -wire 35 coiledaroundorsecured toit. vIt will be evident-thatfthe ,battery of carbons .27, 28 and 29 is connected in ser-ies with the heating Coil or element 3 5, andlprefer to have the ohmic resistance ofthe latter aboutten times ormorethatof v'the carbons when immersed in water. i

The upper ends .of the concentric carbon cylinders V27, 28, and 29 are positioned 'between the inner lugs 36 and the outer lugs 37 of the upper porcelain plate f 3'8 which has the top boss 39 thereon, which contacts with the bottom ofthe top member or cover 13, sov that .when the parts are assembled, as seen in Fig. `1, it Vwill be apparent that the central muiile and the carbon cylinders are effeI tively held in assembled position.

The top plate38 is. rovided with the cen- .tral port 40, which a ines with the passage 41 through the Vmufile 34, the latter having the bottom lateral ports 42 therein, and being also provided .with the annular row oi ports 43, which communicate with the water chamber 30, while the elongated inner'and outer ports 44 and 45 (see Figs. 1^ and -4) afford communication with the water 1charn- BEST AVAILABLE 90m bers 32respectively. The lower portions of the

outer carbon cylinders

28 and 29, have the

recesses

46 and 47 therein, so that a free circulation ofthe heated medium by reason of the ports and passages above described is provided from the inlet to the outlet 7.

It is essential that the electrical connections tothe resistanoe coil 35 be AWaterti ht andproperly insulated and in Figs. 1 an 3,

- assembled position by Ythe vscrew 54 'and nut v-asseen in 'liig 3, and avery'eiiicient sealing, and-insulating vdevice is thus produced.

VAAs alreadyrexplaine d, the lower-end ofthe .conductor 53 leads to the bottom of the vresistance coil y35, while from the top of the latter leads the conductor 56 to the to of the intermediate carbon cylinder 28. *rom thetop of the innerand

outer carbon'cylinders

27 and 29 lead the conductors 57'vand 58 to the conductor 59, which latter through :the medium of the insulating andv sealing devicesseen in the upper left hand ortion of F ig; 1 l(conforming to those seen in Fig. 3) isin electrical communication with the conductor 17.

I line the inside wall of the' case2 with porcelain or other insillating material, as

indicated at.0, and I also line the inside of y the inner carbon cylinder or tube with a similar. insulating lining of porcelain or the like 61, as -will be understood from Fig. 1.

The. operation .is as follows The water or .other liquid to be heated on being admittedthrough the inlet 6, flows through the chamber 5,

ports

23 and 24 upwardly through the-chamber 30 in proximity to the resistance 35. and thence through the

ports

43, 44 and 45 to the annular chambers31 and32 and thence downwardly throu h the recessesr46 and 47 to the outlet 7. en the water level reaches the proper height'in the chambers between the

carbons

27, 28 and 29. it closes the electric circuit, and the current passes through the reslstance coil 35, whlch latter becomes heated and imparts its heat to the liquid in proximity thereto and the heated liquid is discharged through the holes-or

recesses

46 and 47 and theoutlet 7 as i"ill be evident to those skilled in thisart.

When the flow of, the water orV other liquid ceases or the cock (not shown) in lthe inlet 6 is closed, the water between the carhaving 5 immediately becomes dried out and the circuit being opened, the current 1s practically shut oii' at once, so that there is no waste of electrical energy.

My novel device is entirely no moving parts is obviously not liable to get out of order. Y

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an automatic electric heater, a battery of open-ended carbon cylinders of different diametels, and a resistance coil supported concentrically within the smaller of said cylinders and connected in series with said battery and having an ohmic resistance substantially ten'times that of said battery when immersed in water.

, 2. In an automatic electric heater, a battery of open-ended carbon cylinders of different diameters concentrically arranged, a

mufiler located within the cylinder of lesser diameter, and aresistance coil on said muffler connected in series with said battery andhaving an ohmic resistance of substantially ten times that ofsaid battery when immersed in a liquid.

3. In an automatic electric heater, a battery of open-ended carbon cylinders of uniform length and different diameters concen- 85 trically arranged, a inuler located in the cylinder of lesser diameter, a resistance coil on said muilier connected in serieswith said battery and having an ohmic resistance of ten times that of said battery when im- 4'0 mersed in the liquid to be heated, and apertured retaining devices contacting with the ends of said cylinders for spacing and retaining the latter in assembled position.

4;. In an automatic electric heater, a battery of open-ended carbon cylinders of different diameters concentrically arranged, a muliler located within said cylinders, a resistance coil on said muiiler connected in series with said battery and having an p ohmic resistance of substantially ten times that of said battery when immersed in water, upper and lower apertured non-conducting plates engaging the ends of said cylinders, and spacing devices on said plates for concentrically positioning said cylinders.

5. In a device of the character stated, a battery of open-ended carbon cylinders of different diameters concentrically arranged,

a resistance coil supported concentrically within the smaller of said cylinders and connected in series with said battery and having an ohmic resistance substantially ten times that of said battery when immersed in water, a case surrounding said battery,

automatic and sealing devices for the top of said case, upper and lower plates engaging the ends of said cylinders, and spacing lugs on said plates for positioning the upper and lower portions of said cylinders.

6. In an automatic electric heater, a case, a cover plate therefor, an inlet and outlet for the fiuid to be heated at the lower portion of said case, a lower non-conducting plate supported on the bottom of said case, spacing devices on the top of said plate, a battery of concentric carbon cylinders supported upon said lower plate, and an upper non-conducting plate having spacing devices on the bottom thereof, whereby said cylinders are held in concentric alinement, said plates having ports therein to permit circulation of the liquid to be heated, in combination with a resistance coil connected in series with said cylinders.

7. In an automatic electric heater, a case, a cover plate therefor, an inlet and outlet for the fluid to be heated at the lower portion of said case, a lower non-conducting plate supported on the bottom of said case, spacing devices on the top of said plate, a battery of concentric carbon cylinders supported upon said plate and positioned by said spacing devices, and an upper plate having spacing devices on the bottom thereof and adapted to position the upper portions of said cylinders, said upper plate having a projection formed integral therewith and contacting with the bottom of said cover plate for securing the parts in assembled position.

8. In an automatic electric heater, a case, a cover plate therefor, an inlet and outlet for the fluid to be heated at the lower portion of said case, a lower non-conducting plate supported on the bottom of said case, spacing devices on the top of said plate, a battery of concentric carbon cylinders supported upon said plate and positioned by said spacing devices, and an upper plate having spacing devices on the bottom thereof and adapted to position the upper portions of said cylinders, said upper plate having a projection on its top contacting with the bottom of said cover plate for securing the parts in assembled position, in combination with a resistance coil connected in series with said cylinders.

9. In an automatic electric heater, a case, a cover plate therefor, an inlet and outlet for the fiuid to be heated at the lower portion of said case, a lower apertured nonconducting4 plate supported on the bottom of said case, spacing devices on the top of said plate, a battery of concentric carbon cylinders supported upon said plate and located within the inner of said cylinders and supported between said plates, a mufile positioned within the inner cylinder, a resistance coil carried by said muflle and connected in series to said battery and having an ohmic resistance of ten times that of said battery when immersed in water, said case inclosing said battery, and having on its interior a lining of non-conducting material, and a non-conducting lining on the inner periphery of the inner cylinder.

l0. In an automatic electric heater, a battery of open-ended carbon cylinders of uniform length and' diierent diameters, upper and lower apertured non-conducting plates having spacing. devices thereon for positioning the upper and lower ends of said cylinders, a hollow non-conducting muilier located within the inner of said cylinders and supported: between said plates, a resistance coil carried by said ymuffler and connected in series to said battery and having an ohmic resistance of ten' times that `of said battery when immersed in water, aicasefinclosing said battery and having inletand outlet openings bottom;` and sealing devices Jforv the top of-saidcaseA l1; In an automatic electric heater, a battery 1 of' open-ended carbon cylinders of differentI diameters, npper and lower nonicon'- ducting plates having spacing devices thereon for positioning'the-upper and lower ends of said cylinders, a-non-conducting muffler locatedwithin the inner-of said cylinders and supported between said plates, a'resistance coil carried by said muHerfand connected in series to said battery and having an ohmic resistance of ten times that of said battery when immersed in water, a case inclosing said battery and having on its interior a lining of. non-conducting material, and a non-conductingtlining on the inner periphery of the inner cylinder.

12. In an automatic electric heater, a battery dopen-ended 'carbon cylinders of different diameters concentrically arranged, upper and lower non-conducting plates having spacing devices thereon for positioning the upper and lower ends of said cylinders, a non-conducting muliler located within the inner of said cylinders, and supported between said-plates, a resistance coil carried by said mulierand connected in series to said battery and having an ohmic `resistance of ten times that of said battery when immersed i'n water, a case inclosing said battery, a cover plate for said case, and sealing devices for said cover plate, said case having on its interior a lining of non-conducting material and the' inner periphery of the inner cylinder being also lined with nonconducting material, said case having an inlet and an outlet in its lower portion for the' liquid to be heated.

13. In an automatic electric heater,a case, a cover plate therefor, sealing devices for said plate, an inlet and outlet for the .iuid to be heated' at the lower'portion-of said case, 'a lower non-conducting plate sup`l ported -on the bottom of said case, spacing devices on the top of said plate, a battery of concentric carbon, cylinders supported upon said plate and positioned by said spacing devices, an upper plate having spacing'devices on the bottomxthereof, andl adapted to position. the upper 'portionpisaid cylinders, said upper plate having its-top portionwin contact, withgsaidfcover plate for securing the parts inassembledposition, said lower plate having a recess therein, a -.rnbbe`ridis k supported in said recess, a non-conducting muil'lermounted on said rubber disk, a resistance coil carried by said muffler,-a cap above said cover plate,-electrical conductors passing through said cap and cover plate, insulating and sealing devices 4carried vby said cover plate, and connections from said insulating and sealing devices tosaid re-A sistance coiland to said cylinders. l 14. In a device of the character stated, an insulating and sealing connection L comprising a` plate, fa 'contact washer 48 having a `conductor 'connected thereto, a rubebr washer 49 belowsaid contact washer and in contact with the top of said plate, a second rubber lwasher 51 below .y said plate and in contact therewith, a contact washer 52 below said last-mentioned rubber washer, a screw 54 passing Ythrough `said. washers and plate and surrounded by an insulating sleeve-50 and a nut on'said screw. 'f

15. In a device of the character stated, an upper non-conducting plate having a cen'- tral opening therethrough, Van inner series of ports 43 and an outer series of elon ated ports. 44 and 45,'spacing-lugs 36 and 3 depending from said plate and concentrically arranged, a lower non-conducting plate-19 having a central recess therein, a rubber, disk seated in said recess and provided with ports 23 alining with ports 24 in said bottom plate, the top of the latter having spacing lugs 25 and 26 therein, a battery of carbon elements secured between andspaced apart by said plates and lugs, and a resistance coil connected ,in series. with said-*carbon elements. .-V; g l 16, In a device of the character.' stated, a battery of three open-ended carbon cylinders` concentrically arranged, a resistance coil mounted within the inner of said cylinders. and connected to the intermediate cylinder, andelectrical connections common to the inner. and outer cylinders, the lower portions of the two outer cylinders having holes therein to permit the egress of the heated liquid.' 17. In adevi'ce of the character stated, a battery of three open-ended carbon cylinders concentrically arranged, a case inclosing said battery, a resistance coil mounted within' the inner of said vcylinders and connected to the intermediate cylinder, electrical connections common tothe inner and outer cylinders, the lower portions of the two outer cylinders having holes therein to permit the egress of the heated liquid, the inner surface of said case being provided with a non-conducting lining and a nonconducting lining on the inner portion of said inner cylinder.

18. In a device oi' the character stated, an upper non-conducting plate having a central opening therethrough, an inner series of ports 43, an outer series of

elongated ports

44 and 45 and depending spacing lugs 36 and 37 concentrically arranged, a lower non-conducting plate 19 having a central recess therein, a rubber disk seated in said recess and provided with ports 23 alining with ports Q4 in said bottom plate, the top of the latter having spacing lugs 25 and 26 therein, and a battery of carbon elements secured between and spaced apart by said plates and lugs, a porcelain muilier supported upon said rubber disk and held in position by said plates, said muilier having a vertical passage extending therethrough, and lateral ports at its bottom, a case inclosing said plate and battery. and a resistance coil mounted on said muffler and connected in series with said battery of carbon elements.

19. In a device of the character stated, an upper non-conducting plate having a central opening therethrough, an inner series of ports 43, an outer series of

elongated ports

44 and 45 and depending spacing lugs 36 and 37 concentrically arranged, a lower non-conducting plate 19 having a centra-l recess therein, a rubber disk seated in said recess and provided with ports alining with ports in said bottom plate, the top of the latter havingI spacing lugs and 26 therein, a battery of tubular carbon elements secured between and spaced apart by said plates, a porcelain Inutile supported upon said rubber disk and held in position between said plates, said muiiler having a vertical passage extending therethrough. and lateral ports at its bottom and a resistance coil mounted on said muiiler and connected in series with said battery of carbon elements.

20. In a device of the character stated, a case open at its top and provided at its bottom withinlet and outlet openings, a hollow muffle supported within said case, and havingr a resistance coil thereon, a plurality of carbon cylinders also supported within said case concentricallv with respect to each other and to said muille, an. annular enlargement in the top of said case, a steam and water-tight packing ring supported upon a shoulder in the top of said case, a cover plate having a laterally projecting flange engaging said packing, and an externally threaded ring engaging an internal upper threaded portion oi said case for holding said cover plate in assembled position.

21. In a device of the character stated, a case open at its top and provided at its bottom with inlet and outlet openings, a hollow muiile supported within said case and having a resistance coil thereon, a plurality of carbon cylinders also supported within said case concentrically with respect to each other and to said muiiie, an annular enlargement in the top of said case, a steam and water-tight packing ring supported upon a shoulder in the top of said case, a cover plate having a laterally projecting flange engaging said packing, an externally threaded ring engaging an internal upper threaded portion of said case for holding the cover plate in assembled position, and an inverted cup-shaped plate supported on top of said cover plate and provided with a bottom flange and fastening devices common to said flange and said threaded ring.

22. In a device of the character stated, an upper non-conducting plate having a central opening therethrough, an inner series of ports 43, an outer series of

elongated ports

44 and 45 and depending spacing lugs 36 and 37 concentrically arranged, a lower non-conducting plate 19 having a central recess therein, a rubber disk seated in said recess and provided with ports alining with ports in said lower plate, the top of the latter having,r spacing lugs 25 and 26 therein, a battery of carbon elements secured between and spaced apart by said plates and lugs, a porcelain muiile supported upon said rubber disk and held in position between said plates, said muille having a vertical passage extending therethrough and lateral ports at its bottom, a resistance coil mounted on said muille and connected in series with said battery of carbon elements, a case surrounding said plates and battery and having its inner `wall rovided with a non-conducting lining and a non-conducting lining on the inner periphery of the inner carbon element.

VANTOYIO PAPINI. Witnesses:

JOHN A. WIEDnnsHEn-w, N. BUssrNGER`