US1358864A - Cultivator - Google Patents

Description

V. GUERRA Y MARRERO- CULTIVATOR. APPLICATION FILED AUG-10, 1920.

Patented NOV. 16, 1920.

a SHEETS-SHEET I.

VfGUEHRA Y MARRERO.

CULTIVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1920.

V. GUERRA Y MARRERO.

CULTIVA TOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. I0, 1920.

. Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- PATENT OFFICE.

VICENTE GUERRA Y MARRERO, OF CAIBARIEN, CUBA.

CULTIVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented NOV. 16, 1920.

Application filed August 10, 1920. Serial No. 402,674.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VICENTE GUERRA Y Mnannno, a subject of the King of Spain, and resident of Caibarien, Cuba, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cultivators, of which the following is a specifkation.

This invention relates to cultivators; and its object, stated briefly,is to providea machine of the general class or character indicated embodying various improvements in the construction and arrangement of the ground-treating devices and their associated supporting and operating parts, whereby such devices are caused to effectively dig up the ground during the progress of the ma' hine and, at the same time. to chop down and remove any weeds which may happen to be in their path.

According to the invention, each of the ground-treating devices (which term is intended to cover both the digging or chopping implements proper as well as the supporting bars or equivalent elements with which they are connected) is pivotally re lated to an operating linkage or link system which, when actuated, serves to move said device successively upward. forward. downward and rearward. so that it travels in a substantially ellipti"al path which more or less losely ap roximates the movements imparted to su h implements when operated ma uall These linkages are actuated individuallv by means of cams mounted on a sleeve wh ch, in turn. is looselv fitted on the main shaft or axle of the machine; and improved means I or devices are provided whereby this sleeve may be connected to be driven from a cross-shaft which is itself driven from the axle. the driving connectio s preferably in luding s eed-increasing g arings and a clutch mech nism for coupling or uncoupling one of the gearings at will. The hopping imp ements are attached to spe ial carriers which are removablv connected to the above-mentioned supporting bars. so that they may e readily untasrened to permit the subst tution of one type of chopper or another. or the replaci g of a damaced part by a new one. and for other purposes of a like character. Special devices are also provided for yieldingly choking the upward movements of the supporting bars, so as to avoid possible injury due to sudden shocks.

Other and further improvements and advantages are comprised in the invention, as will presently appear; but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise structural details of the embodiment thereof represented in the accompanying drawing, but is susceptible of modifications and changes within its scope as hereinafter claimed. Parts of the invention may also be utilized to the exclusion of others and in other and different environments.

In said drawing:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved cultivator.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof.

F ig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of one of the linkages.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical section on line 44, Fig. 3. of one of the carriers for the chopping implements.

Fig. 5 is a similar view of the presser device which acts on the carrier bars.

Fig. 6 is a detail view of a modified form of chopper.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, 1 indicates the frame or chassis of the machine, which is supported toward its rear end by a pair of ground or traction wheels 2 mounted on the main shaft or axle 3, and at its forward end by a guide wheel 4 carried by a rotatably-mounted, vertical fork 5; the latter being connected to the front beam of the hassis and having se'ured to it a pole or equivalent element 6 to which the draft animals are h tched. The wheels 2 are fixed to the'axle to rotate the same and are equipped with large sprockets 7 connected by chains 8 wi h relatively-small sprockets 9 fastened to the ends of a cross-shaft 10 jour aled in the rear portion of the chass s, so that the rotation of the axle will thus be tra smitted to said shaft duriner the progress of the machine. It will be understood. however. that a suita le motor (not shown) may be mount: ed on the chassis and conne ted to pos tively drive the main sha t or axle. in which case the pole wi l be om tted and the ma hine eonipped with a steering me hanism of some ch acter.

Be ween the two g ound whee s 2 the e is loosely mounted on the sale a hollow shaft or sleeve 11., carrying a set of cams 12, here shown as having the form of curved arms, which are spaced laterally from one another and are arran ed at equidistant angular inrelatively-small sprocket fast on the ceniii).

tral portion of the sleeve, theloose sprocket 13 being provided with a 'clutch hub 16 for co-action with a clutch member or sleeve 17 keyed to shaft 10 to slide thereon. The sliding clutch member 17 is peripherally grooved or recessed to permit the engagement therewith of a vertical-fork '18 formed on the rear end of an elevated rock shaft 19, which is journaled adjacent its rear end in a vertical bearing bracket 20' suitably connected to the chassis, and at its front end in a bearing provided centrally in a hori zontal cross-bar 21 which bridgesthe upper ends of a pair of vertical posts 22 secured centrally to the longitudinal sidebeams of the chassis. Shaft 19 is rocked manually by means of an arm or handle 23 located adjacent its front end.

Slightly in advance of each of the posts 22, there is fixed to the adjacent side beam a second vertical post or bar 24;, which terminates at its upper end in a toothed se ment 25 for engagement'by a detent carried by a lever 26; the two levers 26 being fixed at their lower ends to a horizontal rock shaft 27 which is journaled i-n'bearings provided in the lower ends of the posts 24. The shaft 27 carries a pain of forwardlyprojecting arms 2-8, located near its opposite ends and connected by a cross-bar 29, the

parts 28 and 29 conjointly forming a lifting frame which extends transversely through the bifurcated forward portions of a set of longitudinal rocker bars or levers 31. The bifurcations in these bars open through the front ends thereof, as shown, to receive the 'rearwardly-entending arms 32 formed on a set of hollow cylindrical elements 33 to which the ground-treating implements 3 1 are attached, so that the rocking movements of the bars 31 will cause the cylindrical carriers 33, and with them the parts 34, to move toward or from the ground, as'will be understood. Each carrier 33 has slidably fitted in it a vertical spindle 35, projecting at its lower end through an opening in the bottom of the carrier, and at its upper end through a corresponding opening in a cap 36; the latter being screwed on the upper end of the carrier to regulate the pressure of an expansible coil spring 3? disi osed within the carrier in encirclin relation to the spindle and bearing at one enc against the cap and atthe other end against a collar 38 fixed to the lower portion of the spindle. The grounchtreating implement 34 may take the form of a hoe-shaped chopping blade (Fig. 1), or it may comprise a plurality of sharpened teeth 39 (Fig. 6); but in any case it will be pressed downward toward the ground by the action of its associated spring 37 which also serves to cushion the parts against possible injury due to sudden shocks. The extensions 32 on the cylindrical carriers are removably engaged in the bifurcatedportions 30 of the lifter bars 31, and are retained in place therein by means of suitable fasteners "40.

Tonormally hold the'lifter bars in horizontal position and to limit the upward movement of their bifurcated portions the latter are engaged by a set of rollers n. These rollers are carried by a cross-rod 42 whose ends slidably fit in longitudinal slots 43 formed in the lower portions of a third pair of vertical posts 44, which are secured to the side-bars of the chassis slightly in of a pair of spaced normally vertical links 47, whose upper ends are joined by a cross pin or roller 48 and are connected by a pair of similarly spaced diagonal links 49 with a third pair of spaced links 50/ The lastm'entioned links are inclined upwardly and rearwardly, as shown, and are'joined together at their free upperends by a crosspin or roller 51', their central por ions being connected by links 52 with therear portions I of the'lifter bars and'with the lower ends of the first pair of links 47. Each set of links a7, 49, 50 and 52 is associated with one of the curved cam arms 12 to be actuated thereby, the arrangement being such that the cam operates in the space between the links and is adapted to act directly against the rollers 48 and51; see Fig. 1.

Assuming that all of the parts are in Fig. 2 position'and taking any one of the came, for example'the upper one, the operations which occur during the ensuing clockwise rotation of sleeve 11 are substantially as follows: As the rotation of the sleeve commences, said cam will engage roller 48 on the upper end of links 4c? and will first depress said links and then shift them forward, until at the time the cam reaches the end of its engagement with the roller, links 4:? will have assumed the position indicated at 47, and links 50 will have assumed that indicated at 50. The initial downward movement of links 4:7 causes the associated bar 31 to rock about shaft '27 as a fulcrum, with the result that the front end of the bar moves upward, carrying with it the cylinder 38 and the hoe 3d, the latter thus being lifted clear of the ground; the parts ultimately assuming the position indicated diagrammatically in dotted lines. As soon as the cam actually disengages roller 48, the linkage system rocks in the opposite direction about shaft 27, due in part to the weight of the cylinder and associated devices and in part to the action of the presser device a1 and of the cam, which latter thereupon engages the roller 51 carried by the rear links 50; the preceding upward movement of the bar and cylinder having been limited by the presser device which was forced upward at such time. During this upward or return movement of the linkage, the lin is 47 and 50 assume the positions represented at at?" and 50".

As stated above, the cam, after having disengaged roller 48, moves into engage ment with roller 51; and it is during the interval between such disengagement and engagement that the return movement of the linkage and the cylinder occurs. During its engagement with roller 51, the cam first raises links 50 and then shifts them rearward, the upward movement of the links continuing the return movement just mentioned and, in consequence, pressing the hoe into the soil to the required extent. The succeeding rearward movement of the linkage has the eifect of pulling the hoe in the same direction, the speed of such movement being double that of the wheels 2, due to the relative proportions of the sprockets 7, 9, 13 and 15, so that each active stroke of the hoe will start from the precise point where the preceding one stopped. At the completion of the rearward movement, the component members of the linkage occupy their initial positions, and the cycle is thereafter repeated. The operation of each of the other cams is precisely the same as the one just described.

It will be understood, of course, that the lever 26 is shifted, prior to the commencement of the cultivating operation, to a position in which the frame 2829 connected to rock shaft 27 is depressed, thereby low ering the hoes or blades into operative position; and that said lever is subsequently shifted in the opposite direction, after the completion of the cultivating operation, to lift the hoes and connected parts away from the ground.

I claim as my invention 1. In a cultivator, the combination of a chassis; an axle journaled therein; traction wheels carried by the axle; a set of groundtreating devices mounted in the chassis to reciprocate endwise forward and backward and to rock up and down; a system of links for operating each of said devices and comprising a pair of links connected in spaced relation; and an operating cam for each link system disposed between the spaced links thereof and adapted to operate one of said links to effect an upward and forward move ment of the associated device, and to operate the other link to efiect a downward and rearward movement of said device.

2. In a cultivator, the combination of a wheeled frame; a set of ground-treating devices mounted therein and comprising, each, a hollow carrier, a vertically-movable spindle disposed in the carrier and projecting through the lower end thereof, a blade attached to the lower end of the spindle, a presser spring acting on said spindle to normally force it downward, and a supporting bar to which said barrier is attached; and means for operating said ground-treating devices.

3. In a cultivator, the combination of a wheeled frame; a set of ground-treating devices mounted therein and comprising, each, a longitudinally slotted supporting bar and a cutting element connected with the front end thereof; a cross-piece extending transversely through the slots in all of said bars: and set of operating devices, one for each ground-treating device, for reciprocating said bars endwise forward and backward and for rocking them up and down about said cross-piece as a fulcrum.

4-. In a cultivator, the combination of a wheeled frame; a set of ground-treating devices mounted therein and comprising, each, a longitudinally slotted supporting bar and a cutting element connected with the front end thereof; a cross-piece extending transversely through the slots in all of said bars; a system of links for operating each ground-treating device; and an operating element individual o each link system for causing the latter to reciprocate the associated bar endwise forward and backward and to rock it up and down about said cross-piece as a fulcrum.

5. In a cultivator, the combination of a wheeled frame; a set of ground-treating devices mounted therein to move up and down toward and from the ground; and a springpressed element mounted immediately over each ground-treating device to limit its upward movement.

6. In a cultivator, the combination of a chassis; an axle journaled therein; traction said axle and said shaft; driving connec- Wheels mounted on the axle; a set of groundtions between said shaft to said sleeve; and treating devices mounted in the chassis; a means for throwing the last-mentioned eon- 10 sleeve revolubly mounted on the axle; a set nections into and out of action.

1 of operating elements, one for each ground- Signed at city of Habana this 3rd day of treating device, attached to said sleeve; a August, 1920. cross-shaft; driving connections between VICENTE GUERRA y MARRERO.

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