US1356465A

US1356465A - Coal-breaker

Info

Publication number: US1356465A
Application number: US194688A
Authority: US
Inventors: Pardee Frank
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-10-04
Filing date: 1917-10-04
Publication date: 1920-10-19
Anticipated expiration: 1937-10-19

Description

F. PARDEE.

COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FILED OCT. 4, I917- 1,356,465. I Patented Oct. 19,1920.

6 SHEE1S-SHEET 1. Fg la,

/ a F Q6GZLDV y 62 M ZZZ y m V WWITOBNL-V F. PARDEE.

COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FILED ocT. 4, l9l7.

Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

6 SHEEIS-SHEET Z.

INVENTOR ,4 TTORNEY F. PARDEE. COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FI LED. OCT. 4, 1917.

Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

5 SHE1S-SHEET 3.

ATTORNEY F. PARDEE.

COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FILED ocT. 4, 1917.

I 13356365. Patented 0ct.19,1920.

6 SHEE] S-SHEET 5.

F. PARDEE.

COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FILED 0014,1911.

Patented 00a 19,1920.

6 SHEEIS-SHEET 6.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

rRA K PARDEE, or HAZLETON, PENNSYLVANIA.

' GOAL-BREAKER.

, ncati n filed. October 4, 1917. Serial No. 194,653.

T0 aZZ 10710272 it may concern I Be it known that l, FRANK PARDEE, a citizen of the United States, residingin Hazleton, Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and usefulimprovements in Coal- Breakers, of which the following is a specification.

In my Patent No. 12185693 dated March 13th, 1.917, I have described a method and apparatus for breaking larger lumps ofcoal into a smaller determined size with minimum production of particles finer than said determined size by subjectingvthe lumps to OPPOSEQ pressures along practically continuous lines extending-across the lumps as distinguished from a number of breaks radiating from a focal point.- The machine shown in said patent contains two directly opposed blades between whicl'i the individuallumps of coal are broken or cut into the smaller sizes desired. The present applicationcovers other features of the machine and shows another type of machine working on the same general principle such machine being 'llustrated inthe accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation;

Fig. l is a detail planof the shaking chute;

Fig; 2 is a front elevation ofthe first breaking unit being a view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; I

Figs. 3 and are transverse sections of the same showing the parts in different posi tions;

Fig. 5' is a partial rear elevation on an enlarged scale of one of the breaking units, parts being broken away in the interest of clearness Fig. 6 is a sectional perspective view of the supporting table;

Fig. 7 is a sectionon the line 7-7 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is a detail of thelatch for holding the table in position during the breaking operation;

Figs. 9, 10, 11 and Bare diagrammatic views illustrating different stages in the o cle of operation of one of the breaking units Referring to the embodiment-ofthe invention illustrated, the complete machine comprises three successive units. In the first; the large lumps .of coal are broken into smaller lumps. These in turn are-fed to the second unit which breaks them "into still smaller lumps. 'Andthese in turn are fed to the; third unit and again broken into the size finally desired.- According to the sizeof the original lumps we may .use a single break ng unit or any desirednumber ofsuch units in succession.

'l: he frame of the machine comprises three main pairs of uprights-A, B, and C connected by cross-beamsD at their lower ends; by cross-beams E,- F and G 'respectivelyat intermediate points, whichv serve also to support the table and adjacent parts hereinafter referred to; and by framed girdersH, J and K attheir upper ends. The lower portions of the uprights are connected also near their lower ends by longitudinalbeams L and M and at their upper ends by longitudinal beams N and O. A supplementary frame for supportingthe chute which feeds to the first unit and for supporting other parts 18 located in front of the first set of uprights and comprises a pair of uprights .1? connected together by cross-beams Q and R at thelower and upper ends respectively and connected to the first unit by longitudinal beams S and T.

The longitudinal beamsS of the supple mental frame carry suitable bearings for the main drive shaft U on which is mounted the pulley V driven by a suitable primelmover, and a driving pulley W connected by a belt to with the pulley w onthe worm shaft X.

A. countershaft Y mounted in suitable bearings carried by the girders H J and K, has a worm gear 2 secured thereto adapted to be driven bya worm a2 on theshaft X. Pulleys, y, y and g securedtothe shaft Y serve to drive the crank shafts Z, Z andZ by means of suitable belting as shown. Cranks Z, carried by said shafts drive the coal breaking toggle mechanism to be presently described. I

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated there are shown three sets of breaker units, which are practically identical in construction and operation the only distinction between them being thatthe travel of the ejector-fingers in each unitis so adjusted that the lumps of coal broken off by each supporting table, a table for supporting the coal during the breaking operation, a blade for breaking the coal, mechanism for supporting and locking the table during the breaking operation, shock absorbing means and adjustable ejector mechanism for regulating the size of the lumps of coal to be broken off.

The breaking blade 1 is secured to a cross head 2 built up of structural beams and having members 3 and 4 secured to the ends thereof, which carry anti-friction rollers 5 adapted to travel in the guide-ways-G of the uprights A, B and C.

The cross head is balanced by

suitable counterweights

2 and 2 as shown in Fig. 2 and is reciprocated vertically by means of a toggle mechanism consisting of a pair of links 7 and 8 pivotally secured at one end to said cross head 2 and at their opposite ends to a floating bar 9; and a second pair of links 10 and 11 similarly securedat one end to the bar 9 and at their opposite ends to the

pivots

12 and 13 carried by the sliding

members

12 and 13 which impinge against poweriul buffer springs 12 and 13 mounted in

housings

12 and 13 carried by the frame of the machine.

These springs are designed to yield when material harder than coal, such as iron or rock is accidentally fed with the coal thereby preventing the breakage of the blades.

The bar 9 is actuated by the crank Z and pitman 14. This toggle mechanism is so designed and arranged that the initial movement is rapid, to quickly bring the blade into cutting engagement with the coal, and the subsequent motion slow and powerful to exert a maximum breaking action.

Referring to Figs. 3, 1, 4 and 6, the supporting table 15 comprises a top plate 16, side plate 17 and supporting beams 18 suitably framed into said side plates, and a bottom plate 19. Slots 20 are cut in the supporting table to permit the ejector fingers hereinafter described to project beyond the surface of the top plate of the table.

A shaft 21 mounted in trunnions 22 secured to brackets carried by the uprights of the machine, forms a pivotal support for the table.

Located below the table at a plane intermediate the shaft 21 and the free end of the table is a cam shaft 24, to which is keyed a plurality of cams 25 adapted to supportthe table against the breaking pressure of the blade 1 during its descent. Adjacent to the bearings 26 located near each end of the shaft 24 are keyed crank arms 27 which are connected by links 28 to the cam shaft operating rods 29 slidably mounted in guides 29 carried on'the ends of the cross head 2. At their upper ends the rods 29 are provided with adjusting nuts 32 and sleeves between which are mounted adjusting means as shown.

springs 31. The lower ends of the rods 29 are bent forwardly for engagement with the yielding push rods 33 which are slidably mounted .in the same guides 29. and are provided with springs 34 and suitable Double acting dash-pots 35 pivotally secured to the framing of the machine are connected by piston rods 36 and wrist pins 37 to the crank arms 27 and the links 28 to absorb shocks attendant upon the operation of thebreaking mechanism. Similar dash-pots 28 are connected by piston rods 39 and pins 40 to the free end of the table 15 as shown.

. Pivotally mounted to tl e framing of the machine is a latch 41 having a hooked end 42 adapted to engage the crank arm 27 as shown in Figs. 3 and 7, when the table is in position for the breaking operation and to be tripped by a roller or stud carried by a bracket on the cross head, upon the downward movement of the cross head.

A plurality of ejector fingers 44 joined together by an alining rod 45 are mounted on a rock shaft 46 mounted in suitable bearings 47 secured to the cross beam E of the frame of the machine. I

Plates 48, are secured to the fingers whicl are located at each end'of the shaft Crank pins 49 carried by the plates 48 pass through slots 50 in links 51 which are pivoted at 52 to the underside of he supporting table. i

Spring pressed shoes 53 are slidably mounted in the slots 50 to coact with the crank pins 49 in a manner to be presently described.

A stop 54 for limiting the movement of the ejector fingers away from the supporting table is adjustably mounted by bolts 55 and nuts 56t0 the angle iron 57 which is secured to the underside of the stationary discharge chute. The several discharge chutes 58 are fixed by attachment at their rear ends to the uprights A, B and (land are slotted for the passage of the fingers 44. To the underside of the table there is hinged a slotted extension 59 for conveying the broken coal from the table 15 to the stationary inclined discharge chute 58 leadingto the neXt successive breaking unit.

The member 59 is composed of a plurality of narrow plates mounted adj acently on rods 60 and 61 (Fig. 5), the rods 60 being secured to the underside of the table in such a manner as to form the pintles of the hinge. The plates 59 are spaced sufficiently far apart to permit the ejector fingers 44 to pass between them as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In operation the large lumps or slabs of coalare fed onto the shaking inclined chute 62 which is hung from the frame T of the machine by links 63. The jogging of this chute spreads the coal one lump deep and causes the lumps to lie on their broadest faces as they arrive at the breaker. The shaking chute is providedwith suitable deflecting ribs 62 so that elongated pieces. of coal will be fed end-on to the breaking blade as shown in'Fig. 1*, and-will feed the lumps onto the table 15, and :thefingersx44 will approximately locate the lumpsito be broken in the position shown. in Fig. llaand, asthe blade rises andthe table-with it, the parts will assumethe position of Fig. 9. Rotationof the crank shaft uZ will cause the cross head 2-and' the blade l to move downward. When the cross head has moved downa sufiicient distance to bring-the blade 1 (as shown in dottedlines in Fig. 3) into engagement with the coal, the end of the push rod 33 will still be clear ofthebent.

end of the rod 29.

As the blade continues its downward movement, cutting through the coal, the cams will remain in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 9withtheir major axes substantially vertical, supporting the table until the push rod 33 comes into contact with the lower bent end ofthe' rod 29 and slightly compresses the spring 34, the arms 27 being held by the latches 41 and preventing movement of the links 28 downward. By this time the blade will have cutinto thecoal a sufiicient distance to break off the portion between it and the end of the table (Fig. 10)

andthe latches 41 will be withdrawn. The

- springs'34 will then expand, causing a rocking movement of the cam shaft 24, through the bent end of rod 29,links 28 andv crank arm 27. Further downward movement of the cross head will cause the cam shaft to be rocked until the cams reach approximately the position shown iniFigs. 4 and 11, this downward movement being cushioned by the springs 34 and the dash pots 35 and 88.

The rotation ofthe cams 25 willpermit the table 15 to rock on itsshatt 21, and this initial rocking movement of the table will cause the ejector fingers 44 to project above the top surface of the table, to eject the broken lumps of coal from the table onto the hinged extension 59 which, will convey the broken lumps to the inclined chute 58 leadingto the next breaking unite Continued downward movement of the table accelerates the travel otthe broken lumps, and will also tend to cause the unbroken slabs or lumps on the table to travel toward the inclined chute 59. The downward travel of the unbroken slabs or lumps will be arrested by the blade 1 upon the downward travel of saidblade, and by the ejector fingers 44 when the bladeisbeing retracted in a manner to be presently described.

During the initial movement of the table the ejector fingers remainpractically stationary due to thefact that the crank pin 49 in the slot 50 =of thezlinkbl will not be affected until the spring pressed shoe strikes it, suitable spring pressed latches 44 shown in Figs. .3 and .4 are employed to hold'thefingers 44 in the vertical position until the pins 51 carried by the link 51 trip said latches thereby permitting the shoes carriedby the link 5l to rock the fingersa44 until theirtravel is arrestedby the adjustable stop bar 54.

As thebladel is retracted the unbroken As the table moves upward the ejector fingers will remain in the position shown due to the lost motion between the crank pin 49 and the'end of the slot 50 thus permitt-ing the unbroken slab or lump to be retained and positioned on the table forv the.

next operation of the blade.

Continued upward movement of the cross head 2 will causesame to strike the lower sleeve 30 on the rod 29 which will operate to rock the shaft 24 and cams 25 through link 28 and crank arm 27, thus re-setting the table to its initial or horizontal position as shown in Fig. 12. In this position the latch book 42 will engage the crank arm 27 to securely lock the table in position for the subsequent breaking operation.

This latch remains in looking engagement with the crank arm 27 until the blade 1 has traveled a sufiicient distance to break oifthe coal, afterwhich it is trippedby the roller 43 engaging the cam surface thereon. ;From the foregoing it will be clear that this invention provides a structure which will rigidly lock and support the table during the-breaking operation, so that during this operation the force is taken by the staunch structural frame and the cushioning devices are provided toieflectually absorb the shocks attendant upon the opera tion of the machine.

1 While the particular embodiment otmv invention shown has been described in minute detaiLI do not limit myself to the structure shown and described as it is obvious that changes may be made oy those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.

What I claim is I "1. A coal breaker including movable supporting table, means for breaking lumps on said table and fingers actuatedupon the movement of the table for ejecting the broken portions of the lumps from the table and preventing the escape of the unbroken portions from the table.

2. A coal breaker comprising a series of inclined chutes and supporting tables, means for intermittently arresting the downward travel of the lumps on said tables and alining them in a row and subsequently breaking off a portion of the lumps so alined.

3. A coal breaker including a plurality of blades and a line of pivoted tables extending below said blades on which the lumps may be broken into successively smaller portions by the successive blades and means for rocking said tables to eject the lumps therefrom.

i. A coal breaker including a plurality of blades and a line of pivoted tables extending below said blades, means for rocking said tables to eject the lumps therefrom and inclined chutes leading from each table to the next to convey the lumps to the successive tables and to cause them to be broken into successively smaller successive blades.

5. A coal breaker including a supporting table, means for breaking lumps on said table and means adapted to pass through the bottom of the table and eject the broken portions of the lumps.

6. A coal breaker including an oscillating supporting table, having a hinged exten sion, a blade for breaking the lumps on the table and means for lowering the hinged extension of the table to carry the broken off portions of the lumps While the blade prevents the escape of the remaining portions.

7. A coal breaker including an oscillating supporting table, a blade for breaking the lumps on said table, means for moving the blade into breaking engagement with the lumps on said table, and yielding means to oscillate said table. j

8. A coal breaker including a supporting table, a blade for breaking the lumps on said table, auxiliary means for supporting the table against the breaking force of the blade, means for locking the table and said auxiliary supporting means in position for the breaking operation, and means for re leasing the table after the breaking operation.

9. A coal breaker including a supporting table, a flat blade extending lengthwise of said table for breaking a row of lumps on said table, and means for ejecting the broken portions of said lumps and retaining the unbroken lumps for a subsequent breaking operation.

10. A coal breaker including a shaking chute having guiding fins for positioning the lumps traveling thereon, a plurality of oscillating supporting tables, means for feeding the lumps from said shaking chute portions by the to the first of said supporting tables, conveyers for feeding the lumps to the succeeding tables, means for moving said oscillating tables to transfer the lumps to said conveyers, blades for breaking the lumps on the tables and meansv for actuating said blades.

11. A coal breaker .including a supporting table, a blade for breaking the lumps on said table, a reciprocating cross head for supporting said blade, means actuated by said cross head for supporting said table against the breaking pressure of said blade.

12. A coal breaker including an oscillating supporting table, a long flat blade for breaking the lumps on said table, a reciproeating cross head for supporting said blade, locking means for holding said table in position during the breaking operation and means for disengaging said locking means after the breaking operation. 1

13. A coal breaker including a supporting table, a blade for breaking the lumps on said table, a reciprocating cross head for supporting said blade, yielding means carried by said cross head, supporting means for said table actuated by said yielding means and locking means for said support ing means actuated by said cross head.

14. A coal breaker including a support ing table, a blade for breaking the lumps onsaid table, means actuated by said table for ejecting the broken lumps and retaining unbroken portions of the lumps.

15. A coal breaker including an oscillating table, a long blade for breaking a row of lumps on said table, a cross head supporting said blade, anti-friction guiding means for the cross head-and means for reciprocating said cross head.

16. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocating cross head carrying a 'bl'adefor breaking the lumps on said table, cams actuated by said cross head to support the table against the breaking action of said blade.

17. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocating cross head carrying a blade for breaking the lumps on said table, movable means for supporting said table against the breaking pressure of said blade, and yielding means for releasing the supporting means after the breaking operation.

18. A coal breaker including a supporting table, a blade for breaking the lumps on said table fingers operated by the table for gaging the size of the portions to be broken from the lumps, and for ejecting the broken portions.

19. A coal breaker comprising a series of breaker units each including an oscillating supporting table, a blade for breaking the lumps on said table, fingers actuated by the movement of said tables for ejecting the broken portions of the lumps therefrom, a chute leading to the next successive breaker unit and means carried by said table for conveying the broken lumps to said chute leading to the next successive breaker unit.

20. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocating cross head carrying a breaking blade, means operated by said cross head for rocking said table, a

latch. for locking said table in a substantially horizontal position, and means operated by said cross head for tripping said latch.

21. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocating cross head carrying a breaking blade, a plurality of cams carried by a cam shaft for supporting said table against the breaking force of aid blade, and yielding means for rocking said cam shaft.

22. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocating cross head carrying a breaking blade, a plurality of cams carried by a cam shaft for supporting said table against the breaking force of said blade, and means carried byrthe cross head for storing energy to rock said cam shaft after the breaking blade has operated.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal.

FRANK PARDEE.