US1356394A - Mortising-machine - Google Patents

Description

NORRIS. MORTISING MACHFNE.

APPLlcATloN' FILED MAR.2 0,1915.

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MoRTlsLNG MACHINE.

I l APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20. I9I5.,

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

Patented oct 111920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3'.

G. E. NORRIS.

MORTISING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man MAR. 20.*1915.

H IHN @Q4 @QJ G. E. NORRIS. MoImsING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20| I9I5.

1,356,394, 'Patented' o@ 19, 1,920-,

G. E. NORRIS.

MORTISING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2o. 1915.

f Patented 001;, 19; 1920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

gnou/nieve G. E. NORRIS.

molmsumwmcHlma.` APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2.0,1915- 1,356,394. Patented 0015. 19, 1920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE NORRIS, vOF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 THE PERFECTION MORTISE MACHINE COMPANY, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, A CORPORATION 0F OHIO.

i MonTIsING-MACHI'NE.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it Aknown that I, GEORGE E. Norms a citizen ot' the United States, residing at olumbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new' and use ful Improvements in Mortising-Machines, ot which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to vmortising Inachines of the rotary c utter type, certain ime provenients ofwhich yare specifically adapted for the rotary and oscillating cutter type. My machine is so constructed that it may be readily applied to its work and the mortise completed in a minimum amount of time.

The main object of my invention resides in the provision of a structure whereby the ends of the mortise are clean cut throughout their entire depth. This I accomplish by a structiire so arranged that the rotating cutter tool `is heldin a stationary position as regards its back and forthmovement `for a certain time interval at the end of. its stroke and during its continued rotation. This, broadly., forms the essenceof my invention, although the specific structure for accomplishing` the same is also regarded by me as novel. f n

Further objects of my invention reside in a 'structure for imparting an infeed movement to the bit, means for varying the length of the back and `i'orthmovement of the bit itself and other improved structures as will be apparent from the detailed description to follow.

ln the accompanying sheets of drawings, I have represented the preferred embodiment oi my invention and in these drawingsv simi-v lar characters of referenc designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1 isa view in front elevation of mv machine, A

F ig. 2 is a view in rear elevation of ,myv

machine,

Fig. 3 is an end view looking from the left of Fig. 2,

Figs. 1 and 5 are sections taken on line Je-4 of Fig. 3 and looking in the direction of the arrows, showing the mechanism by which the crosstravel vof the bit is` temporarily interrupted at each end of its stroke.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct' 19, 1920.1 Application med March 2o, 1915. serial No. 15,955.

Fig.f6`is a fragmentary sectiontaken on line 6 6 of Fig. 3,

Fig. 7 is a detail view of the mechanism forregulating the length of the linear travel ofthe bit shown detached,

Fig. is a similar View showing the same mechanism in another position or the opposite eXtreme position Vfrom .that shown in Fig. 9 is a top plan view of a portion of the ineedmechanism shown in Fig. 7,

,Figa 10 is a top plan view of the same structure shown in Fig. 8, Y

Fig.. 1,1 is a sectiontaken on line 11-11 of Fig. 9, l i

F'g. 12 isa detail view in perspective of the insideoi1 the link element shown in Figs. 9 and 10, i *y Fig. 13 is a detail view in perspective of l u g g D Y its position on themain framework,

the mechanismy for holdinfr thecarriage inY Fig. 14 is a vertical longitudinal section of i l thestructure shown in Fig. r13 and represented by line 11i- 14 of Fig. 2,

- Fig. 15 is a detail view of a portion of th linear reversing mechanisml shown detached, Fig.A 16 is a similar view showing they same mechanism in its opposite eXtreme position from that shown in Fig. 15, 4 Fig. 17 is a ldetail view in perspective of one of thejlever elements shown in Figs. 15 and 16, y Y y Fig. 18 is a detail view in perspective of one of the elements shown in Figs. 15 and 16, Fig. 19 is a detail view in perspective of one of the elements shown in Figs. 15v and 16,

Fig. 20 is a detail view in perspective of another one ofthe elementsshown in Figs. 15 and 16, Y

Fig. 21 is a view of the bit supportig structure itself` in side elevation, i' I Fig. 22 is a vertical longitudinal section of the structure shown ,in Fig. 21,

Fig. 28 is a detail view in perspective of one element :forming the bit supporting structure, l

,Fig 2li-is asimilar view of another element forming the bit supporting structure,

Fig. 25 is adetail view in perspective of the upper. end of thebit, f

Fig. 26 is a detailview in perspective of an adjusting block used by me for regulating the throw of the bit, and,

Fig. 27 isa detailtviewin" perspective of another element forming,` a portion of the bit supporting structure.

As-shown inithe'drawings there is a'main frame comprising a-base 1i, rigid side rods'2. an upper cross piece 4, supporting wires 5 and clamping bolts 3. The main carriage frame 7 slides on the rods .2 by means of Ahuh bored 1n the carriagey bear-ings 6.V frame receives the shaft 8 rigidly bearing the main driving gear 9 operatedinone direction only by oppositely disposed handles 1'0 and prevented from 'reverse rotation by a spring actuated pawl orlock bolt 9D engaging notchesea v y y The majorgear 9 has teethl on one side meshing with Athe pinion 23having a key engaging thelkeywayy 22 of the bit shank forrotating the bit 16 and with the pinion 57 operating' mechanism to move the bit back and forth and to give it its infe/ed. The bit itself i's mounted in the supporting' member 17 (see Fig. 23)` having acut out portion 18 and a capA or hood portion 19 into which the upper end of the bit projects and where it is held by a cotter pin engagfingrA the circumferential groove 20. The bit also rotates in the bearing members 13, 14and 15 of the supplemental support-` ing element 12 which members projectinto the cnt outl portion `18. The element' 12 is y pivotally"monnted by its hub 11. on the shaft 8. The supporting'` element 17 has its lower end pivotally connected to the transverse carriage 33 ('see Fig. l27')` by a pin passingthrough the apertures 38 of the carriage and the hubs 37 Yof the support 17. The transverse ycarriage 33 has ears 34 `slidinigton cross rods 32 supported at their ends in ears 31 atthe lower end of the main carriage 7. As the element 17 is pivotally connected to the transverse carriage and the element 12 is pivoted to the shaft 8 it follows that these two elements constituting the bit support must be so mounted with respect to each other as topermit of relative longitudinal Vmovement as the machine is operated.

The cross feed mechanism;

The cross-feedof the bit is produced by a feed screw 39 rigidly attached to the transverse carriage 33 and which passes through spaced bea-rings 40 and 41' at one of the lower corners of the carriage 7. -Be tween 'the bearings 40 and 41 and threaded on the cross feed screw 39`is the worm gear nut 42 operated by theworm 43 near the lower efnd of the sleeve 44 whose lower end finds a bearing at 46 onfthe carriage 7. The sleeve 44 incases the lower end of shaft 47 on which is splined 'the sleeve 51@ bearing Dwell of bit carriage.

The shaft 47 has a reduced lower end 45 which finds a bearing; see Figs. 4 and 5,

in the lower end of the sleeve 44 which bears a Vpin49"engaging alternately shoulders at opposite ends of the thread 48 on said shaft which may therefore'revolve in either direction independently of the sleeve until the pin 49 reaches the alternate ends of the threfa'd'48'when the shaft 47 carries the sleeve 44, revolving the wormnut causing the transverse travel of the screw shaft 39 and the bit frame 33.l The bit therefore revolves Awithout transverse travel while the shaft 47V travels longitudinally the length ofthe screw thread 48 and thereby the corners of the niortise are cut clean.

Hacerse-Z of bit carriage.

Als the bitVV travels transversely by the reci'procatory travel of the transverse carriage 33 its shaftswinjglsthe supporting members 12`a`nd 17in which said shaft has bearings. The back of the member 12 carries. guide strips 77 leaving a way or groove 78 into which projectsfiom the 'slide block 84 the pin 85. This block has threaded engagement with the screw' rod 82 both of which are received in the slot 81 of the bar 79 pivoted at 8O to the carriage 7. As the bar 79 is4 swung by the swinging of the bit shaft support 1,2 it also swings by means of the link 89 the lever 73` also pivoted to the carriage 7.` Projecting from the lever 73 is an arm 75 forked to form fingers 76 embracing the short arm 67 ofthe vbell crank 65Figgs. 1, 15 andlG, rigidly mounted on the rocking; stub shaft 66 mounted in the carriage 7. The short arm 67 has an arrowhead-shaped end 68 against which the double inclined end V72 of the lever 69 pivoted to fthe frame at70 is held in Contact by the coiled spring 71 attached to the opposite end of the said lever 69 and to the carriage frame. The formation of 68, 72 and the arrangement of the lever and spring beingr such therefore as to lnormally tendto hold the short arm 67 at one or the other extreme of its movement also tends to have a correspondingI control on the longr 4arm of the lever which alternately engages the jaws 64 extendingv from the shifting bar 60 mounted on the carriage 7 by shoulder screws 59 extendingr through slots 61. The shiftingemember 60 also carries a yoke'portion 62 engaging between annular ribs 63 on the sleeve 51.

faces 72 of the lever arev such that on the passage of theL arrow-point over the angle formed by the faces 72 the spring 71 will cause a quick throw of the bell crank lever and shifting of the gear sleeve 51.

Adjustment of length r0]" stroke and cut.;

The screw 82 has a milled head 83,:the turning of which adjusts the nut Safin the slot 81 and its pin 85 in the way 7 8-of the bit shaft support 12. As the point of attachment of the link 89. to the lever 79 remains constant, it is evident that the rate of travel of the lever 79 and the link 89 and connected shifting mechanism to that of the bit shaft will be decreased by raising'the nut 84: and increased by lowering it,y that is, by bringing it nearer to or removingit far'- therfrom the pivot point ofthe bit shaft support 12. Hence the length of stroke andcut will be reduced by lowering the nut 84 and increased by raising said nut in the slot 81. i

It will be noted by reference to Figs. 1, 15, 16 and 17 that the space between the fingers 76 exceeds the width of the short arm 67 of the bell-crank lever sufiiciently to allow the arrow-head 68, when it has moved over one of the faces 72 and has passed the point of the co-acting faces 72, to continue its movement into full engagement with the opposite face, under the action of the spring` 71 and com-L plete the throw of the .long arm and thereby effect that of the shifting member 60 and the gear sleeve 51 and in either direetion. y

It will also be noted that the distance betweenthe jaws 64 is sufficient to allow of substantially the first half of the movement of the arm 67 of the bell-crank lever vin either direction under the action of the in` gers`7 6, or until the arrow-head 68 reaches the apex of the faces 72, without any opera# tion of the shifting member 60.

Tt is vtherefore seen that the reversal of the bit carriage is ybrought about at the end of eachof such oscillatory travel through connectionA with the bar 79, link V89, lever' 73,

bell-crank lever 65, bar 60, shifting thegear A Mechanism for preventing premature discagaf/ement of gear 54 with gears 52 and 53.

' An 66", like the bell-crank lever 65, is rigid on the rock shaft 66. As the arm 67 of the bell-crank lever is rocked to the right, seeFigs. land 15,Y alug 66:l on `arm 66b engages the upper side of a lug 60n1 on c the shifting member 60an`d maintains its As appears the forma' tion of the arrow faces 68 and coacting engagement until the arrow-head 68 has reached the apex of the faces 72 when, `passing out of such engagement, it allows the raising of vthe shifting member 60. Likewise, on the reverse movement, see Fig. 16, orswinging tothe left.of the arm 67 and 66h, the lug .66a yengages the lower face of 60a to prevent the dropping'of thesleeve 51 and maintains such engagement .until the arrow-head68 reaches the apex of the faces 72 in `itsthen opposite movement. l

The 1i-feed mechanism.

A threaded rod 25 passesat. 26 loosely through the upper cross piece t` of the main frame. To` the cross piece arepivoted levers 27 which have their lower ends provided with fingers or half nuts-29,the latter being held normally in engagement with the threadedrod by means ofa spring 3() which connects the lower endsof said levers 27. By pressing together the hand levers, therefore, theniortising frame or carriage may be adjustedupfand down sincethe lower end ofr the rod 25 is swiveled as at 24.-in said frame.

Toy impart a Agradual downward move-l ment to the carriage 7 and consequently the bit `lvrduring mortising4 operations of the latter', the rod' 25 carries at its lower end a fixed gear 25, which latter is adapted to be rotated yand withy it the rod 25 in one direction only by means of a rack member 90. This member ,is of substantially oval shaped formation andv is'V situated rto embrace or surround the gear y25, oppositely disposed sets of rack teeth 91 being 'disposed on the inner sides of the rack member for alternate engagement with the gear 25a whereby the rod or screw 25 will be caused to rotate in an in-feeding direction irrespective of the direction of rectilinear travel of the member90.

In order to effect the reciprocation of the member 90 and to control the shifting of its rack teethxint'o mesh4 with the gear 25^, the lever 7 3 has its free end provided with an kelongated slot 108 in which is adjustabiy mounteda pin 102 Acarried by one end of aflinkor tie member 101, thusiupon the oscillation ofthe lever 73, effective by its connection 89fwith the bit supporting structhe medium of the articulatelyl connected levers described, the oscillation of the'lever 73 to the left, seeFigs. 7 and 8,.will result in movement of the rack member to the right and vice versa, thereby effecting the rotation of the gear 252L andthe gradual iii-feeding movement. in a lowering direction ofthe screw 25.

However, in order to shift the rack member 90 laterallyfupon the completion of its reciprocatoryl strokes, so that itwill disen- .gage one set of.y its teeth 91k from the gear 251 and throw its opposite set of teeth into mesh with said gear, saidrack member is further pivoted as at 93`upon the freeend of the link 92,' which latter, in turn, is pivoted at 94; upon a fixed portion of thecarriage'7.` The link 92'by reason of its connection withthe rack member willserve to support the latter for reciprocatory movement. and will travel in unison therewith. Motion of the link 92'is normally retarded by providing its under surface with a plurality of depressions or sockets 105 into which is resiliently projected'a ball 104, said ball being urged toward the sockets and seated therein by means ,of a coil sprlng 106, which is confined in a bore formed in the carriage 7. Through the use of this construction movementof the link 92 will be retarded or restricted, and before being oscillated the resistance offered by the ball 104 must be overcome. Thus, when the connecting member 96 initially responds to the actuating movement of the lever 97, said rack member will rookabout its pivot 93, since the link 92 is held stationary by the ball mechanism 104, thereby causingw the gear 25a to mesh, with the setof rack teeth 91 opposite to that set withwhich it was in mesh during the preceding movement ofthe rack member. By engaging the gearI 25a4 further oscillatory movement. of the rack member is prevented and, hence, the movement of theV connecting member 96. is imparted conjointly to the rack member 90 and its'supporting link 92 so as to cause` the reciprocation of saidY rack member, the consequent rotation of the gear 25al and oscillatory movement on part'ofl` the link" 92 the latter operatingk against the resistance offered by the spring pressed`ball104, When the end of this strokeeof. the rack member has been reached, said member will again pivot aboutr the point 98 in the manner above described, and will thus throw its other set of rack teeth 91 into engagementwith the gear 25a, thus causingV the reciprocatory movementI yof the rack member to impart a, rotary movement in one direction to the screw or rod 25 and consequently an in'- feed movement. to the bit. structure itself.

.F rom the foregoing description, it will be, apparent that ,l have provided a machine enflbodyingA several novel features of construction, among these being particularly, the structurefor` giving-the in-feed tothe bit andvalsozthe structure for vregulating the length of out.` orv its cross-feed. Further, I have provided'a structure Vwherein the depth cut is clean, perfect` cornersbeingthereby made. This latter is accomplished by causing a predetermined number of revolutions ofthe bit itself while it'remains in station ary position as regards itsback and forth movement at the. end ofxeach stroke-V What: I claim as patentable is 1. A mortising; machine comprising a frame work, a bit, means-'for'rotating said bit, mea-ns for moving said bity transversely. during'its rotary movement, 4means forfautomatically reversingy the transverse travel of? said bit at the end of itsstroke during; the continued operatoniof-the machine, and

means for'causing said bit to remain sta tonary for at least one complete revolution at the end of each stroke before the reversal of transverse movement takes effect.

2. A mortising machine comprising a` frame work, a bit, means` for rotating said bit, means for moving saidbit transversely duringits rotary movement, means for automatically reversing thetr-ansverse travelv of` saidbit at the-end of its stroke during the continued operation ofthe machine and means fordelaying,the'transmission of the reversing movement for at least one complete revolution of said bit.

A- mortisingl machine comprising aY operating with said screw, a worm arranged to-engagesaidwheel, a drive shaft for said' worm, meansv forl rotating said shaft, means for changing its direction of rotation, and a. lost motion connection between said shaft andone of its coperating parts whereby the direction ofrotation ofY said screw is not simultaneously changed with the reversal in direction of said shaft.

5. A mortising machine comprising a framework, a bit, a cross feed screw cooperating with said bit, a worm wheelf c0- operatingwith said screw, a sleeve provided with a wormarranged to engage said wheel, a `drive shaft slidable within said sleeve,

said; shaftgbeing, provided with a threaded.

portion, means. for driving and changing the direction of rotation of said shaft, and a pin connection carried by said sleeve and operating in the threads of said shaft to key said shaft and said sleeve together at the ends of said threaded portion.

6. A mortising machine comprising a framework, a carriage slidably mounted on said framework, a bit, a bit supporting Structure carried by said carriage, means for moving said bit and its supporting struc ture back and forth, means for rotating said bit, an infeed screw, a pinion carried by said screw, a rack structure having oppolsitely disposed rack faces, one face of which is normally in mesh with said pinion, means for imparting rectilinear movement to said rack structure, and means for 'disengaging one rack face from said pinion and engaging the other rack face therewith for each reversal of direction of reciprocation of the rack.

7. A mortising machine comprising .a framework, a carriage slidably mounted on said framework, a bit, a bit supporting structure carried by said carriage, means for moving said bit and its supporting structure back and forth, means for rotating said bit, an infeed screw, a pinion carried by said screw, a rack member embracing said pinion and having inside rack faces facing each other, a link pivoted at one end to said carriage and to said rack member at its other end, means pivoted to said rack .member on the opposite side of said pinion from said link pivot connection for imparting rectilinear movement thereto, and means for retarding the free movement of said link and said rack member over each other, said last named means operating between the two pivot points of said link.`

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE E. NORRIS.

Witnesses WALTER E. L. BooK, A. L. PHELPB.

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