US1355452A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

L. R. CARPENTER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB- 9, 1920.

Patented Oct. 12,

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s s s 0 UNITED STATES" PATENT OFFICE.

LEE ROYAL CARPENTER, OF CLEVELAND, OIzIIO.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION EliTGINE..

ecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 12, 1920.

Application filed February 9, 1920. Serial No. 357,213.

T 0 all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, LEE ROYAL CARPEN- 'rnn a citizen of the United States, residing at \lleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a 7 full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and has for its general object the provision of a new and improved motor of the two cycle type adapted either for tionary power plants or for the propulslon of vehicles either on land or water or in the air, although certain features'of my invention are applicable to motors. of the four cycle type, and I lay claim to my improvements in every use to which they may be applicable. The objects of, the invention are the provision of a motor of maximum power and of minimum weight; the pro- 7 vision of a motor of extremely high ethbastion motors; while further objects] and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the descriptionproceeds.

.In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this application, I have shown my improvements as embodied 1n a one cylinder engine, although it will be understood that great changes in detail and arrangement can be made within the scope of my inventive idea and that my invention is applicable to multi-cylinder englnes equally with single motors. In-these drawingsF 1gures 1 and 2 are central vertical sectional views taken through a simple type of motor embodying my improvements; Fig. 3 1s a horizontal sectional view taken on the broken line 3-3 of Fig. 2, and Figs. 1 and 5 are diagrams representing the movement of the two'pistons.

.Describing by reference characters the parts shown in the drawing 1 represents the base, and 2 the cylinder of myimproved motor, the latter being cast in a block whlch is separated from the base along the lme 3 shown in'Fig. 1. The cylinder is preferably formed with a removable head 4 and the base is formed with bearings 55 in which is journaled a shaft 6 formed with'a crank 7 in line with the opposite end of the cylinder. Slidably mounted inside the cylinder is a double ended piston 8 traversed by a piston pin 9 which lies perpendicular tothe shaft 6, the side walls of the cylinder being formed with longitudinal slots 1010 for the passage of the same.

7 J ournaled upon the crank 7 is'a bearing member 11 having laterally extending ears 1212 which ears are connected to the ends'of the piston pin by means of connecting rods 13-43 located one on each side of the cylinder. The distance between the ears l2-12 being the same as the length of the piston pin, it will be seen that these connecting rods will have at all times a parallel motion. Each side of the cylinder is formed with a hollow external bossl which extends from the line '3 to a point sufliciently near the opposite end of the cylinder to inclose the slots 10'-1O which register therewith. The portion of'the cylinder'which projects beyond these bosses is preferably formed with cooling means, such for example as the water:-

jacket 15. I I have shown the walls of these bosses or housings as formed with removable cover plates 16 by means of which access can be had to the piston pin 9 and also with removable plugs 17 through which the bear-v;

ing bolts '18 can be removed if and when desired. t

The walls of the cylinder'are formed at such a distance from the removable head 4 as to be uncovered by the piston at its extreme limit of travel with opposed ports 20 and 21 respectively, while the walls of the cylinder adjacent the opposite end thereof are formed with other ports 22, 23 respectively, the port 22, however, being out of register with the port 23 and slightly nearer the middle of the cylinder. The ports 21 and 22 are connected by a transfer duct 24 formed in-the cylinder wall while the port erably effected solely by the movement of V the piston 8, but mechanical means of some kind is preferably employed to control either or both the ports .22 and-23. Such a means is here supplied by the second piston 30 snugly mounted in the open end of the cylinder and having in itswall a port '31.

adapted to register with the port 23 and communicating with the interior of the cylinder by a passageway 32/ Such valve means iso'pera'tedthrough the agency ofa movable member which projects between the two connecting rods and may be actuated by suitable cams on the main shaft. In the crank, in other words with a certain amount of lead; and my experience indicates that it is very desirable to'employ a leadof90 largely forthe reason that in this way the action of the valvefmechanism is rendered most rapid atthe instant when the piston is passing dead center and consequently is moving most slowly. Also, when a piston valve-30 is employed as herein shown, I arrange the same so that when in its 'midposition both the ports 22 and 23 are covered and also in such wise that. the port 22 is opened as that piston falls and the port 23 is opened as said piston rises from this Ipointf ,;The following isa, description of the operation of the particular invention herein illustrated. Starting from dead center as shown in Fig. 1 the rotation of the crank in the direction of the arrow causes the work-' ing piston 8 to riseslowlywhile the cams 33 being in quadrature the valve piston 30 is fraised rapidly with the result that the ports 23 and Sl'are causedto register when the shaft hasturned' only 14. corresponding to the point as shown in Fig. 4. This'permits the free entranceiof explosive mixture beneath the piston 8, which rising, first closes the port 21 and then the port 20 as shown at b and c in Fig/L The mixture in the firing chamber is compressed, new mixturebeing drawn in through the port 23 until the opposite dead center isapproached when this port is closed as shown at (Z in Fig. 4, having-meanwhile been open'thro'ugh a shaft movement of 152. PT he compressed mixturein the firing chamber being now ignited by any suitable means, the power stroke commences, and meanwhile the rapid movement of the piston30 serves to open the port 22 as shown at e in Fig. 4 at a point only 9 after dead center, as aresult'of which the fresh 7 mixture displacedf by the piston is compressed into the transfer duct 24. At the point 7 shown in Fig.4the exhaust port20 opens and the. burned" gases are discharged H 7 after having acted upon the piston through an angle 0f-125". 40", and at the point 9 shortly thereafter the. port 21 opens permit .cited in the claims hereto annexed,

ting the fresh gases to rush into the cylinder and sweep out the last vestiges of the burned gases. The port 22 does not close until the piston has almost reached the lower dead center as shown at h in Fig. 4.

As a result of this arrangement it will be seen thateach of the ports is left open during the longest possible time; the incoming mixture is compressed into the duct 24 prior to the opening of the passage between that duct and the working chamber, so thatinstantly upon the opening of those. ports the inrush of the charge can begin the ports 22. and 23 are never in communication with each other'softhat back firing into the carbureter is absolutely impossible the small clearance possible between the two pistons enables the very complete transfer of gas from thecompressor chamber to'the firing chamber; while a minimum of dificulty is experienced owing to the leakage of gas through worn bearings and the like, which. has hitherto been a fruitful cause of complaint in connection with two-cycle engines.

It will be appreciated that the peculiar connecting rod arrangement herein shown is capable of use on many other typesrof engines both gas and steam,two-'cycle or fourcycle, wherefore I do not restrict myself to ts employment with this kind of a device,

although it is of peculiar advantage in the combination shown; and likewise I do not restrict the valve mechanism herein shown to this type'ofan engine or to the combination including this particular connectingrod assembly although the two when'used to- I getheroifer marked "advantages. It will be understood that numerous other types of valves and valve mechanism' can be employed within the scope of myinvention and. I do notirestrict myself to any of thefea: turesherein shown except as specifically re- '1. In an engine, a cylinder, piston, and crank, a crank bearing ournaled on said:

crank and having oppositely disposed exter- 7V nal ears arranged perpendicularly to the cylindrical axis, and a pair of twin connecting rods pivoted to said ears and to said piston.

2. In an engine, a cylinder having slotted a sides, a piston n said cylinder, a pistonpin' traversing said 7 piston and projecting through the slots, a connecting rod articulated to each end of said pin, a crank located opposite one end of said cylinder, and a member journaled on the crank throw and having oppositely projecting ear to which said rodsare pivoted. a

'3. In an engine, a: crank, a cylinder pre sented endwise to said crank and having.

slotted sides, a piston in said cylinder, a piston pin traversing said piston and projecting through said slots, a bearing member journaled on said crank and having external ears, and connecting rods, one on each side of said cylinder, connected to said pin and ears.

4. In an engine, a crank, a cylinder presented endwise to said crank and having slotted sides, a piston in said cylinder, a pin traversing said piston and projecting through said slots, a bearing member journaled on said crank and having external ears, the distance between said ears being substantially the same as the length of said piston pin, and parallel connecting rods articulated to said ears and pin.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a crank, a double-ended cylinder presented endwise tovsaid crank and having slotted sides, a piston pin projecting through the slots, connecting rods connected to said crank and to the ends of the piston pin, a

crank casing surrounding said crank, and I shields covering said slots and rods.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having slotted sides, a double-ended piston in the cylinder, a transverse piston pin projecting throu h the slots, in combination with a crank s aft perpendicular to said piston pin and connecting rods between the pin and crank.

7. The combination With a cylinder having longitudinally slotted Walls, and a crank shaft of a piston having a pin projecting through such slots perpendicular to the crank shaft, and connecting rods articulated to said pin outside of the cylinder and connected to the crank. .8. In an engine a cylinder having closed ends and slotted sides, a longitudinal extending hollow boss carried by the cylinder at each side and registering With one of the slots, a crank casing secured to said cylinder and bosses, a piston in said cylinder, a piston pin traversing said piston and projecting through said slots, and connecting rods, one in each boss, having their outer ends articulated to' said pin and their inner ends operatively connected to the crank.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

LEE ROYAL CARPENTER.

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