US1353583A - Combination-lock - Google Patents

Description

R. W. GRIFFITH.

COMBINATION LOCK. APPLICATION FILED AuG.4,'1919.

1,353,583. en e ep 21,1920.

' ,FIG., Z

2 SHEETSSHEET WITNESSES lNvENTOQ R. W. GRIFFITH.

COMBINATION LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-4. 1919.

1,358,583, Patentedsept. 21,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 5

WITNESSES entree stares earner as RAYMOND wearrrrrn. or MILVTAUKEE, Wisconsin.

COMBINATION-LOCK.

T0 aZZ whom i may concern:

Be it known that I, RAYMOND GRIF-' rrrir a citizen of the United States, and

resident of Milwaukee, in the county of Mil- 'waukee and State of WVisconsin, have 1nvented new and useful Improvements in Combination-Locks, of which the'following is a description, reference being had-to the accompanying drawings, which are apart of this specification.

' The invention relates to combinatlon locks. One of the ObIGCtS O I this inventlon is to produce a'lock in which it is necessary to turn one or more tumblers to a predetermined position before'the lock can be operated but in which it is not possible for one to get the feel of the tumblersdue toanother interlocking connection.

The invention further consists in the several features hereinafter set forth'and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof. r 7

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through the device embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation.

view thereof.v parts being broken away; Fig. 3 is a top view of the device; Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line l--4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a top view of the key ring; Fig. 7

is a section taken through the core on the line 7-Z of Fig. 1; Fig. Stisv a section through the core taken on the line 8-+'8 of Fig.1; Fig. 9 washer. s i

In general the lock consists of two memhere 10 and 11, having relative rotary move ment with respect to each other and adapted to be interlocked against longitudinal movement withrespect to each other except f 111 apredetermined posltion andone or more tumblers12 which prevent the; longitudinal movement of said members with respect to each other exceptv sitiona The member 10 is here shown as the fixed element of thelock, being made up. of two complementary, semi-cylindrical, hollow sec- 1 tions secured together byscrews and hav- 1 ing flange portions '14 to -which an outer casing 14 is secured. This member. isprovided with annular grooves 15 in-which circular disks forming the tumblers12are mounted and f ree to bewturned therein, though preferably normally held against isa detail view of the thrust grooves 32 are brought into register with the in a predetermined 130? turning movement by springs '16 seated in I Specification of Letters Patent. P tented Sept. 21,1920.

Application filed August 4, 1919. Serial No. 315,207.

and guide disk 19 is mounted. This member 1 has a cap 20 tightly fittingthereon and Iormmg what Wlll be termed a key. ring provided with an inwardly projecting flange portion extending over thetop end of the bore 21 and having a plurality of notches 22 formed by notching said. flange portion. The member 11 is here shown as the movable element of the lock and consists of a cylindrical portion or shank 23 provided with a key 24, a cylindrical portion or core 25 of. larger diameter than the portion 23, a stem 26 and a handle or knob 27. 'A cylindrical cover 28and a member 29 having 10- f eating spring fingers 301 are mounted on the stem, I being held in position by a coiled spring 31 0n the .stem interposed between the member 29 and theportion 25. The core 2o is provided with a plurality oflongitudmally extending grooves 32 ofunequal placing and which are adapted to be brought into register with the projections 22 on the" key ring so that the member 11 may be 1 -moved longitudinally of the member 10.

Said member 11 also has short grooves or shallow pockets 33' in its top which permit a slight longitudinal movement of the member with respect to the'member 10 but prevent actuation of the lock and serve as 7 blinds to prevent picking the look as they do not permit the movement of the upper end of the member ll-through the key ring and this can only be accomplished when the proper projections on the key ring. Thus while the member 11 may be turned; with respect to the member 10, said members are interlocked against relative cient for unlocking until said members are brought to a predetermined position.

thenumber ofpossible combinations of the lock is greatly increased by using two or more tumblers and two pins on each turnbler I longitudinal movement with respect to each other sufiiv one tumbler may be used with a single pin,

The thrust washer 19 is provided with a keyway 38 in which the key 2st slides and a notch 89 to permit one or more of radially disposed pins 40 on the portion 23 to pass through said washer. This washer 19 limits I the inward movement of the member ii and serves as a guide disk turning with the shank 23. These pins 4:0 also cooperate with the pins and 35 so as to rotate the tumblers to a predetermined position to set the tumblers so that the pins 40 may pass through the notches 37 to permit the desired longitudinal movement of the member 11 with respect to the member 10.

When pins are used on both sides of the disk it is necessary to provide a limited longitudinal movement of the member 11 with respect to the member 10 and this is accommodated by making the length of the bore 21 in which the core 25 is mounted longer than said portion and when member 11 reaches the end of this limited movement the spring lingers 30 engage in recesses 44 in the outside of the member 10, the sides 42 of said member adjacent the recesses being flat so that'the flat springs engage them as the member 11 is turned. the finger or fingers 30' to'the grooves 32 is such as to locate the grooves in the same position circumierentially as are the projections 22 of the key ring 20 when said finger or fingers is or are engaging the fiat sides or seats 42 of the member 11.

In order to completely disconnect or separate the members 10 and ll. when desired, the core 25 of the member 11 has a transverse slot 1-3 formed therein and longitudinal slots 44 communicating with said. slot 43 and arranged and spaced similar to the grooves 32 but out of line therewith. Thus when the member 11 is unlocked and moved lengthwise until the projections on the key ring reach the .end. of the grooves 32, then a slight turning oi? the member 11 brings the teeth or" said ring into register with the slots 4:4: and then further lengthwise movem nt of the member 11 permits a withdrawal of the member 11 from the member 10.

The device may be mounted in any suitable manner and T have here shown the casing 14' provided with a flange 45 and one or more clamps as the clamp d6 in Fig. 1 is or are connected to the bolt or bolts t'l' so that the supporting plate 18 may be clamped between the flange 4:5 and the clamp 15 or several similar clamps. The lower end of the member 10 is provided with a cap 49 secured to it by a removable pin 50. V

Fig. 1 of the drawing shows the look as the parts would appear in locked position. When in unlocked position the member 11 with its parts has been moved to bring the projections 22- ot the key ring 20 at the ends of the grooves The core 25 a the memher 11 is free to slide and rotate so long as The relation of it is within theconiines oi the disk 19 and the key ring 20 and has within this space a small amount of longitudinal travel in proportion to the amount available when said lock is in the unlocked position. This limited movement is provided so as to permit the shifting of the pins ll) on the shank 3 into engagement with the ditl'erent pins 73 i and on the tumblers. lit a single tumbler and pin is used this movement is not necessary. The core 25 when moved to a positionto bring the grooves 32 in line with the proper projections on the key ring may be moved. longitudinally to unlocked position provided the other parts of the lock, that is: the tumblers 12 and the position of the pins 4 0 with respect thereto, are in a position to allow it.

In rotating the core 25 the pins 40 engage the pins 34: or 35 in the disks or tumblers 12 which in turn rotate with it. When the core 25 is adjacent the guide disk l9 the pins d0 engage the pins 34 or the pins which extend toward said disk. When the core 25 is moved away from the disk 19 the pins 4-0 engage the pins 35 or those pins extending away from said disk. Thus the disks be rotated by the pins extending from either side as may be necessary for the correct operation of the lock. The pins on' the tumblers are so located that only one on each tumbler can possibly place the slot in said tumbler in correct position to permit passage of the pin on the shank 23 therethrough. After the tumblers have been set, then a partial turn of the member 11 to the proper position for sliding movement of the core in the key ring puts the parts in a position to be unlocked. The key ring prevents setting the tumblers by feeling for the notches therein.

The handle 27 has a notch 51 therein to assist in setting the combination. The lock above described may be used in connection with any part to be held against actuation until the longitudinal movement of the movable element has been efl'ected.

To unlock the lock, the operator gives the handle 27 complete turn, thus picking up all the tumblers, and stops with the notch 51 in a predetermined position. He then rotates the member 11 so that pin 40 striking pin 34 on the lower tumbler 12 carries said tumbler around to the predetermined position, which is known to him by the position of the notch 51, and by a reverse rotation of the member 11 the upper tumbler 12 in a similar manner is given a predetermined position by the movement of the pin 40 against the pin 34. Thus both tumblers have been given a preliminary setting. The operator then draws up on the member 11 until the fingers 30 engage in the notches 41 at which time the pins on the tumblers come into the path of the pins 40 on the shank 23 when said member 11 is rotated. The operator then;.turns member 11 until the pin' 40 engaging the pin 35 on the lower, tumbler has turned it from-fits preliminary setting to unlocked; position, andby a ref verse rotation of the member ll thev upper tumbler 12..is similarly moved from its pre- 1' llmlnary setting to unlocking position. r

. 'so'as to bring .thegrooves .32 intojposition (and the projections 2.2;through the grooves-v elementxll as being the-movable member it;

ing free to rotate with respect to the other After the tumblershavebeen moved inthis manner a partial turn-of the member 11,

to pass throughthe keyring 22, permits the member ll to be -moved longitudinally to unlocked position, that is,--the pins 40 may pass through the, slots 37; in the tumblers 12,

32, this extended longitudinal movement of the member 11 beingfus'edtounlock any; parts to which :the above: device may be', l

4; Ina combinationlock,:thecombination of a pair of elements relativelymovable with connected; I x j Ll/Vhile I hare shown and 5 described; 1 the will be understood thatlthe' memberlO can be made the movable element'and be pro? vided with suitable means such as the pins 40 for turning the tumblers with respect to the fixedelement and that the key ring may then be mounted on the member 11 and cooperate with grooves in" the member 10 similar to the grooves 32; in other words, the position oftheparts maybe reversed so that the element 11 becomes the fixed element and element 10 the movable elementl 'Iam also aware that other changes lIl'JCOIlStIIlCtlOIlmay be effected within the spiritof the invention and I therefore desire it tolbe understood that this'invention is not limited to any specific form or arrangement of parts except in so far as such limitations are specilie-" in the claims.

What I claim as myinvention is:

1. In a combination lock, the combination of two elements relatively rotatable witherespect to each other. andhaving an 'interlocking connection to prevent, longitudinal movement of the elementswith respect to each other except in a predetermined position, and a third element freely rotatable with respect to the first named elements and adapted to be turned by one of them and preventing the, longitudinal movement of said elements with respect to each other to unlocked position except in a predetermined position.

2. In a combination lock, the combination of two elements relatively rotatable with respect to each other and having an interlocking connection allowing a'limited longitudinal movement of one of the elements with respect to the other but preventing longitudinal movement to unlocked position except in a predetermined position, and a third element freely rotatable with respect to the first named elements and adapted to be turned by one of them when in different longitudinal; positions-and preventing lon-i gitudlnal movement of said lfirst named ele-{ ments to an unlocked-fpositionexcept in a,

predetermined:position. I

In a combination lock, the combination of-a'pair of Tcoa-xially disposed elements relatively rotatable with respect .toeach other and having "an; interlocking connection to preventdongitudinal moveme'nt' of theele'ments withrespect to each other to unlocked positionexcept in a predetermined position," and a third element vmounted bea tween and rotatable about the axis of the first jnamed elements and adapted to be.

turned by one of them, said third element preventing the longitudinal. movement *of.

said first named: members with respect to each other toiunlocked POSitlOIlgllIltil turned 1 to a-predetermined position.

respect vto each other, one of the elements "be in locked ?:"position,i an'ixinterlocking com nection s between said elements. preventing tumbler'free to turn with respect'to said .1 longitudinal'movement of the rotating element until turned to unlocked posltiorna elenientsla'nd preventing: unlocking :the eof until said elements have been moved to a.

predetermined position, and means on 'the rotating elements-for turnlng the tumbler to a position inwhich a part of said element engaged by the tumbler may be, passed through; said tumbler. v

'5, In a combination lockyth'e combination of a pair of coaxially disposed elements, one

of the elements being free'to rotate and havmg a limited longitudlnal .movement wlth respect tolthe otherinflocked position,

an interlocking connection between saidelements preventing further longitudinal movement of the rotating element until turned to unlocked position, a; tumbler 'free to turnwith 'respe'cttozsaid elements andprevent:

ing unlocking thereof untilsaidelements have been moved to a predeterminedposi-u tion, and'means'on the rotating element enmounted and one having relative rotary movement with respect to the other to bring the projections and grooves into line so that the movable element may be moved longitudinally with respect to the other element to unlocked position, a third element locking said first named elements against longitudinal movement to un- I thereof with respect to 'eachother to locked position, and means on the movable element for turning said third element to a position for unlocking. I

7, In a combination lock, the combination of a cylindrical casing forming a-lock element, a member fitting within said casing and forming another look element, said elements having relative rotary movement with respect toeach other in locked position,

Jan-interlocking connection between said eletumbler to turn it to a position for unlocking. 7 r r v8. In a combination lock, the combination of a cylindrical casing forming a lock element, a'member' fitting within said casing and forming another look element, said elements being connected together to have relative rotary movement and a limited longitudinal movement with respect to each other in locked position and a further longitudinal movement when in a predetermined position to unlocked position, and a plurality of tumblers free to rotate between said elements and normally preventing unlocking thereof, and means on one of the elements selectively engaging the tumblers to turn them to a position for unlocking.

9. In a combination lock, the combination of a relatively fixed element, a movable element, said elements being coaxially disposed and having an interlocking connection against unlocking except when the movable element is turned to a predetermined position with respect to the fixed element, locating spring fingers carried by the movable element, a tumbler free to rotate between said elements and preventing unlocking thereof except when turned to a predetermined position, and means on the movable element engaging the tumbler to turn the same to a position for unlocking.

10. In a combination lock, the combination of a relatively fixed element, a movable element, said elements being coaxially disposed and having'an interlocking connection against movement longitudinally to un locked position except when the movable element isturned 'to a predetermined posi tion, a plurality of tumblers free to rotate between said elements and preventing unlocking thereof except when turned to a predetermined position and provided with pins on opposite sides thereof, and pins on the movable element selectively engageable with the pins on the tumblers to turn the same to a position. for unlocking.

11. In a combination lock, the combination of a lock element provided with projections, an element having longitudinally extending recesses of unequal length and spacing, said elements being rotatable with respect to each other and one of the elements being longitudinally movable vto unlocked position when certain of the grooves of the one element are in register with the projections on the other element, and a third element freely rotatable with respect to the first named elements and adapted to be turned by one of them and preventing longitudinal movement of said elements with respect to each other to unlocked position except in a predetermined position.

12. In a combination lock, the combination of a fixed lock element, a movable lock ele ment rotatable with respect to the fixed ele ment and having aninterlocking connection therewith to prevent its longitudinal movement with respect. thereto to unlocked position except in a predetermined position, a third element freely rotatable with respect to the first named elements, and having an interlocking connection with the movable element to prevent longitudinal movement thereof to unlocked position except in a pre determined position. a

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature, in presence of a witness.

RAYMOND WV. GRIFFITH.

Witness:

R. S. C. CALDWELL.

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