US1351546A - Wood-block paving - Google Patents

Description

PAVI

G. W. W

WOOD

APPLICATION Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

s snsns-snczrn INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY.

G. W. WARMOTH.

WOOD BLDCK PAVING.

APPLICATION men QCT. 4. 1918.

NQNQN'I 7 WITNESS:

A TTORNEY.

G. W. WARMOTH.

WOOD BLOGK PAVING.

APPLICATION HLED UCT.4, 191a.

1,35 1 ,546, Patented Aug. 31, 1920. v 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

:IIIIIIID as WITNESS: IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEY.

and factories subject GEORGE 'W. WARMOTII, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

WOOD-BLOCK PAVING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

Application filed October 4, 1918. Serial No. 266,850.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE W. WARMOTH, a citizen of the United States, and a resi dent of Indianapolis, county of Marion, and State of Indiana have invented a certain new and useful Wood-Block Paving; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters refer to like arts. v v 1 vThe obj ect of this invention is to provide an improved system of .makin and laying block pavements or flooring and the like, by forming the blocks into sheets or sections, preferably in the factory, and then la ing and uniting the sheets or sections to orm the pavement or flooring. One of the objects of'the invention is to make a wooden block pavement or flooring in which the blocks are not separate or individual, but are secured by'suitable means firmly to each other, and thus overcome the defects of individual block pavements or flooring. It is well known that pavements made of single blocks laid side b side, will buckle orheave after a rainand the pavement become'defectivc and often dan erous, where blocks buckle up sometimes a cot or two high and for long distances Treating individual blocks with wood preservative does not always prevent the buckling from moisture because it is diflicult to fill all the cells of all the blocks with such material and, therefore, it is diflicult to prevent moisture from entering the cells and expanding the blocks. 7 I

While there is trouble in individual bl'ock pavements from expansion, there is also trouble in individual block floorin in rooms to considera le or ab,- normal heat. The use of wooden blocks for flooring in factories, warehouses and other large structures is becdming'very general throughout the country and when the blocks contract, the floor becomes loose and the blocksrattle and often turn under use or traflic.

One feature of the invention consists in uniting all of the blocks forming a pavement or flooring, by suitable'meta connecting bars, strips'or the like, so that the pavement or flooring will be one sheet, like a sheet of linoleum; This will prevent any individual block from becoming loose or any abnormal spaces to occur between blocks and it will also permit the pavement or flooring to be laid without the blocks being so close together as to prevent them expandmg without widening or lengthening the pavement or flooring, and also ermit the pavement or floorin to be lai abutting the same ti htly against the curb. stones or other fixed lateral walls or the like. Therefore, the pavement or flooring can be laid with space between the lateral edges there of and the side wall or curbing, so that the pavement or flooring will have ample room for expansion without buckling or heaving.

Another feature of the invention is to form the blocks into sections or sheets at the factory, instead of shipping and handling the blocks individually. Thus sections :01 sheets three feet square may be formed by uniting the blocks with metal strips so that they can be treated with greater facility in wood per-serving plants.

Pavement and flooring made of sections or sheets, as herein set forth, can be removed or replaced for opening or repairing the street for any reason, more easily'than the separate wooden blocks. An entire section can be cut out and removed as *a unit, instead of removing a large number of separate blocks. Since there can be no disarrangement of blocks in a pavement or floor ing, theywill be less liable to be injured fromwater or moisture and also will wear longer than the single blocks. In la ing,a pavement or flooring, the same num er of laborers can lay about three times the yardage that they can 'with the separate b ocks'.

Another advantage is'that much less yard room is required for storing blocks in sheets than when the blocks are loose.

Also when the blocks dry and contract, the pavement as a sheet or whole contracts so as to maintain the proper closed relation between the adjacent blocks and prevent any cracks or gaps, as are often seen in individual block pavements. Furthermore, the sections'are eirible transversely of the street, bridge or like place where they are laid which enables them to conform to the crown of the roadway or to any like irreguof a typical section or sheet of pavement or floorin made according to this invention. F i 2 1s a bottom view of the section shown in 1. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of Fig. 1. *1g. 4 is a vertical section through a portion of one block on a lar e scale, the remainin portion of the block eing broken away.- ig. 5 is a perspective view of the connecting metal stri shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Big. 6 is a p an view of a portion of a bridge partially covered with said improved block pavement, parts being omitted and parts being broken away for clearness. Fig. 7 is a transverse vertical section through said bridge, parts being *broken'away. Fig. 8 is a vertical section througha portion of said bridge on a large scale, but having a modified form of side guard. Fig. 9 is a plan view of a portion of the flooring on said bridge showing the manner of uniting the sections together in dotted lines. Fig. 10 is a plan View of a crate of paving sections. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of such crate. 5

The blocks 10 used in formin the pavement or flooring herein describe areof the usual dimensions and character of wood and may be treated in any desired way to reduce their water absorbing ower and increase their life, so far as this invention is concerned. The individual blocks are provided with kerfs 11 or other passageways,-preferably along the bottom sides thereof, equidistant from the ends of the blocks so that the blocks can be placed side by side-in staggered position, as shown in Fig.1, and then "metal strips or tie bars 12, ofthe same form as the kerfs or passageways, are inserted transversely through the entire number of blocks forming the section. The metal strip oi tie bar 12 may be of any form in cross section that is desired, but that shown herein is V shaped, being sheet metal cut V-shape in cross section. The .position of said metal strip in the block is shown in Fig. 4, and in the series of blocks formin the section, in Fig. 3, and particularly'in igl 2 where the bottom side of the section or sheet appears. It isnoted that on both sides of the section or sheet the alternate blocks extend for half the length beyond the adjacent blocks, leaving spaces between them, and that the number of laterally extending blocks on the left-hand side is one more than on the right-hand side, while the number of spaces or recesses on the left-hand side is one less than on the right-hand side. This is to enable the sections or sheets to be joined to ether with interlocking ins in order to orm the pavement or flooring into one continuous sheet. When a section is thus formed, there is as shown in Fig. 2, a row of kerfs 11 in the laterally extending blocks at each side in, which there is no metal strip or bar 12 placed while manufacturing the sections or sheets in the factor The tie bars are omitted from those kerf s in the manufacture so as to enable the sections or sheets to be interlocked with each other when laid.

It is seen that these sections or sheets of wooden blocks, when united and made in the factories, as explained, can be readily handled and stored in small spaces in the ware house or" car and 7 easily transported in wagons from thecar to the place where the same are tobe laid. But for shipment, they are preferably crated, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. As seen in Fig. 11, there are six sections or sheets laid, one upon the other. When thus laid, the recesses between the projecting blocks on two sides thereof will -register with each other or be in vertical rows so that wooden bars 14 may be temporarily inserted in those recesses and near the four corners of the pile, and then side boards 15 and 16 may be nailed to those vertical bars 14 to protect the corners and projecting ed es of the pile of block sections.

he sections or sheets of blocks are laid, as illustrated in Fig. 6, interlocking with each other, and may be laid upon any suit able' foundation for paving'a street or flooring a factory,-or-upon planking 20 on a br1dge,as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. As the sections are being laid, they are united by inserting metal the bars 12 through the interlocking blocksat the edges ofthe sections, as shown in Fig. 9. Thus when two blocks are laid in interlocking position, a bar 12 is inserted, but only for abouthalf its length so that the remaining half will project outwardly and can be inserted in the adjacent sections or sheets. Thus these tie bars introduced while the pavement is being laid, not only secure togethei interlocking blocks on the right and left hand sides, but also secure to ether the sections longitudinally of the bri ge or pavement. Therefore, the entire pavement, or flooring, when laid, is

united together, every block andevery section,so that it constitutes one entire sheet.

In the bridge herein shown, a layer of pitch 21 is spread over the'plankin 2Q and tar paper 22 is then spread upon t e pitch, and the sheet of tar paper iscovered with a layer 23 of pitch andtheI-blocks are laid upon this last layer of pitch. But these layers of pitch and tar pa er constitute no art of this invention, as t 0 blocks may be aid 11 on any material desired.

In orming the sectionsor sheets in the factory by unitin them together with the metal strips 11, t e are not placed tight againsteach other, ut are spaced slight} away from each. other, so that the blocks W1 1 have room for expansion longitudinally of the metal strips. This enables the flooring of a brid e, for instance, to be placed tightly against t e end guards or headers 24 so as to make a smooth approach. It also permits a close abutment of a pavement at the ends of any section of the street being paved to render the pavement at that point smooth. But there will be lateral or transverse expansion of the pavement or flooring. Yet since the pavement or flooring is of one sheet, it is unnecessary to build the pavement or flooring tightly against the curbing of the street or tightly against the walls in a building or ti htly against any felly guard in a bridge. pace can be left at each side of the pavement or flooring for it to expand freely. Thus with this invention the trouble of both longitudinal and lateral expansion are overcome. This is illustrated inFig. 7, where the block flooring does not extend to the lateral edges of the planking 20, but there is left some room for lateral expansion of the flooring.

In bridge constructions heretofore, it has been customary to place the side guards or longitudinal side boards 25 at-the lateral edges of the bridge and secure them rigidly to the planking 20 and abut the wooden blocks against the side guards, but this pre vented any opportunity for the blocks to have lateral expansion. With this invention the side guards 25 are secured instead, to the flooring or pavement itself, that is, to the blocks, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 so that they move with the flooring or pavement as it expands or contracts.

A modified form of side guard in shown in Fig. 8, where a strip of metal or angle iron 26 is used instead of the wooden boards 25 shown in Fig.- 6, and the angle iron 26 is secured to the blocks so as to move with the same as the pavement or flooring expands or contracts.

The invention is not limited to the particular forms and constructions herein shown which are given here merely for the purpose of illustrating the nature of the invention and some of the objects and advantages of its use.

. The invention claimed is:

1. A pavement or flooring formed of rows of blocks, each row'comprising ajplurality of identicall shaped blocks adjacent each other, each h ock having a plurality of transversely extending and parallel kerfs angular in cross section cut in the under side thereof and intermediate the ends, the kerfs in the diagonally adjacent blocks in the adjacent rows registering with each other. and strips angular in cross section inserted in said kerfs for securing the blocks together as a pavement.

2. Pavement or flooring formed of sections of wooden blocks, each section consisting of a number of wooden identically formed blocks secured together adjacent each other, the alternate blocks in the lateral edges in the sections projecting beyond the adjacent blocks whereby the sections can be interlocked when laid, and means insertible transversely through the interlocking projecting portions of the sections for securing the sections together.

3. Pavement or flooring formed of sections of wooden blocks, each section consisting of a number of wooden blocks adjacent each other with transversely extending V- shaped kerfs cut in the underside thereof so that the kerfs in the blocks will be in aline ment with each other and the alternate blocks in the lateral edges of each section will project beyond the adjacent blocks whereby the sectionwill be interlocked when laid, V-shaped metal strips insertible in said kerf for securing the blocks together in each section, and similar metal strips insertible in the-interlocking projecting portions-of the blocks of the sections for securing the sections together.

4. Pavement or flooring formed of sections of wooden blocks, each section consisting of a number of identically shaped blocks adjacent each other having transversely extending V-shaped kerfs cut in the underside thereof so that the kerfs in the blocks of the section will be in alinement with each other, and the kerfs in the adjacent sections will also be in alinement with each other, and V-shaped metal strips insertible in said kerfs for securin the blocks together into sections and for a so uniting the sections.

5. Pavement or flooring formed of wooden blocks, means for securing the blocks together so that the pavement or flooring is one continuous sheet, and a side guard secured to each lateral ed e of the pavement or flooring, so that the si e guard will move with the flooring during its expansion or contraction.

In witness whereof I have hereunto aflixed my signature.

GEORGE W. WARMOTH.

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