US1350748A - Crushing-roll machine - Google Patents

Description

T J. STURTEVANT.

CRUSHING ROLL MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13, 1917. 350 74 Patented Aug; 24, 1920.

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APPLICATION FILED FEB- 13, 1917- 1,350,748. Patented Aug. 24,1920r v 4 EEEEEEEEEEEE 2- T. J STURTEVANT.

CRUSHING ROLL MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13, 1917.

Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

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ventor 4 1 k Q\\ 7 x mm EEEE Ami T. J. STURTEVANT.

CRUSHLNG ROLL MACHINE.

APPLICATlON FILED FEB. 13, 1917.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS J. STURTEVANT, 0F WELLESLEY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO STURTE- VANT MILL COMPANY, OF BOSTON, IVIASSACHUS-ETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSA- CHUSETTS.

CRUSHING-ROLL MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. STUR'rE- man, a citizen of the United States, residing at lVellesley, county of Norfolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Crushing-Roll Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is

a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

The invention hereinafter described relates to crushing roll machines for comininuting rock and other materials.

Ii'fachines of this class are subjected to rack and shocks, and consequently must be strongly constructed to stand up to the work they are called upon to perform. One of the objects of the invention is to provide a powerful balanced machine which will withstand the grinding shocks to which it must be subjected with a minimum injury to the machine. 7

It, is desirable to be able to adjust the crusher rolls toward and from each other to vary the space between them, according to the degree of fineness of comminution of the material desired. Another object of the invention is to provide simple, easily-constructed, readily-accessible means for adjusting these rolls toward and from one another.

The rolls should be yieldingly pressed toward one another in order that they may move to increase the distance between them in case non-crushable foreign material larger than the normal space between the rolls should need to pass between them. Another object of the invention is to provide improved spring means for yieldingly pressing the rolls toward one another; means to permit the rolls to skew axially to allow foreign matter to pass between them; means whereby the pressure of the springs may be easily and accessibly adjusted; means whereby the tension of the springs be relaxed to allow the removal of the rolls; a spring organization for urging the rolls toward one another in which the springs will be exposed so as to prevent cloggin by dust, of the spaces between the coils of the springs; and means to prevent in the casing on shafts 1T the bearing boxes of the roll shafts from lifting on their carriages during the operation of the machine.

Still another object of the invention is to provide shield plates for the ends of the crusher rolls mounted on the covers for doors at the ends of the rolls, the arrangement being such that the rolls and plates may be moved out of the casing with the covers to expose the plates for convenient adjustment and repair, and to disclose and render accessible the ends of the rolls.

The character of the invention may be best understood by reference to the following description of one good form of the invention shown in the accompanying draw ings, wherein Figure l is a side elevation of the machine;

F 2 on a reduced scale, is an end elevation of the machine;

Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale, is a vertical section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

rig. 4: on an enlarged scale is a vertical section through an expansion member for ring a crushing roll to its shaft;

. Fig. is a vertical longitudinal section through the machine; and

Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section through the machine taken on the line 6-6 Referring to the drawings: The machine shown therein comprises a foundation bed 1 having a ca 'ing 3 rising centrally tl erefrom and surmounted by a hoppero having an inlet neck 7. Inclined doors 9 furnish access to the iopper which may contain a usual distributing device not shown) driven by a pulley 11.

A pair of crushing rolls 15 are mounted having ends projecting'outward beyond the sides of the easing over the foundation bed.

The improved means for securing these rolls to their shafts comprises an expansion member 19, 4, comprising peripheral segments 21 circumferentia ly spaced and having recesses 23 between them. These segments in the present instance of the in vention, are connected by arcuatc expansible webs 25 occupying said recesses. This expansible member may be slid over one end of the shaft 17 onto a tapered portion 27, Fig. (5, ,of the shaft where it occupies the space between said portion and the roll which, it will be noted, is of annular form and'has an internal diameter substantially larger than the shaft on which it is mounted. v

The expansible member has an internal tapered bore fitting the tapered portion of the shaft and when said member is slid axially over said shaft, its webs 25 will expand and increase the spaces between the segments of the member. As a result, said segments will move outward and press against the inner surface of the roll and secure the same to the shaft. Obviously, when the expansible member is shifted toward the larger end of the tapered portion of the shaft, it will be tightened to said portion and roll, but when shifted toward the opposite end of said tapered portion it will re lease-the parts. T 0 tighten and release the expansion member, through bolts 29 may be provided entered through the apertures afforded by the arcuate webs of the member. These bolts may also be entered through holesin a collar 31 on the. shaft 17 and adapted to abut'against the larger end of the tapered portion of said shaft. The construction is such that when the bolts are tightened, their heads will be held by said M collar and their nuts will press against tl e expansion member may be readily secured opposite end or said member and slide the latter axially over said shaft lnto tight ena ement therewith. When it is desired to 23 D remove the expansion member, the bolts are contract to permit the expansion and coin traction movements of the segments witl out breaking or weakening said webs. The

. or released by tightening the bolts which imand without the necessity of pounding the part a steady drawing movement to the expansion member with mechanical advantage parts and attendant likelihood of mutilation thereof and oestruction of their original form. V 7

Having described the crusher rolls and the means for connecting the same with their shafts, next will be described the supports for theshafts. There are two shafts, one for each roll, and the supports for the ends of the shafts are similar. Therefore, a description of the support for an end of one of the shafts will suflice for all.

This support comprises a bearing box in which the shaft is journaled, a suitable lining 35 beinginterposed between the box and the shaft. Preferably, the top of the box has an opening provided with acover 3'7 leaving a space beneath the cover above the shaft to-accommodate waste or other lubricant-containing material.

The bearing box is mounted upon riage 39 and is adapted to slide along the same to allow the roll carried thereby to move toward or from its companion roll. To guide the box in its sliding movement on said carria e, it may have a groove 41, Fig. 6, in the bottom thereof, into which the u? per end of the carriage projects. ably, the groove is somewhat wider carriage, to allow a snficient play them, permitting the be to skew on me carriage when the foreign, non-crushab materials pass between the rolls and near one side of the machine than the other, so as to produce a skewing of the rolls.

At the inner end of the carriage rise abutment 43 against which the be is urged by four helical springs 5 .5 confined between the box and a cap 4-7. The latter is held against the outer ends of the springs by a screw 49, threaded into a nut 51 reacting against an upright at the rear end of the carriage and through which the screw -29 loosely projects.

By this construction, the screw can be readily turned to simultaneously and equally vary the tension of both springs or to release thetensionand permit the removal of the bearing box from its carriag as required.

lVhen the machine is in op ration, there is at times a tendency fort-he box to work upward from the'base of the carriage :19 along the upright 43. To prevent this, limiting means is provided for the box, in th present instance of the invention in the for of a strip 55 mounted ontie upper the upright and overlapping the upper ed of the box. This strip'is detachably securei .to said upright by screws 5?. The bearing boxes and springs are not inclosed in a casing, but are exposed and conveniently accessible. It is also desirable that the s i ings should be exposed since this prevents con- 7 finement and accumulation of dust arou the springs and between the convolutious thereof such. as might clog and prevent proper working of the springs.

To close the apertures of the roll casing through which the shaft projects, collars 59, Fig. 6, may be keyed to the shafts to rotate therewith, and have outer flanges 61 for engagement with the inner ends of the bearing boxes inner flanges 63 fitting the shaft receiving apertures. These collars are pressed against the inner ends of the bearing boxes by helical springs confined between the flange and the roll securing expansion member at one side of the casing and confined between the flange 63 and the collar 61 referred to at the opposite side of the casing.

To confine the roll shafts against axial movement, collar members 57, Fig. 1, may be bolted together and clamped to the shafts adjacent their opposite ends and bear against the outer ends of the bearing boxes.

To rotate the roll shafts, each may be provided with a driving pulley 69 at one end thereof. These pulleys are disposedat opposite sides of the machine and thus con tribute to the compact organization of the machine.

N ext will bedescribed the means for adjusting the distance between the rolls to vary the eifective crushing space between the rolls and means for holding the rolls in their positions of adjustment." To accomplish this in the present instance of the invention, collars 71, Fig. 5, may be secured by bolts to the outer ends of the carriages and may be threaded to end portions of shafts 73. Two of these shafts are provided, one at each side of the machine for connecting the carriages thereat. The end portions of each shaft are oppositely threaded so that when the shaft is rotated in one direction, it will cause the rolls to approach one another, and when said shaft is rotated in the opposite direction, it will cause said rolls to recede from one another.

These shafts are strong in construction and constitute the means for connecting the bearing carriages of the opposed rolls and resist the outward thrust, of the rolls away from one another while performing the work of reducing the materials fed into the machine. Thus, it will be observed the rolls arebalanced and the rack and shock of their action is substantially relieved from the machine. l

Preferably the carriages are formed to encircle said connecting shafts and present downwardly arranged portions 75, Fig. ,6, wh ch substantially contribute to the strength of the carriages and contribute to a simple, compact organization. f

The carrrges are supported for sliding movement on the foundation bed. To guide and support the carriages at each side of the roll casing, the foundation bed is formed to present a pair of opposed'inturned tracks 76 fitting into corresponding grooves in the carria The tracks of each pair are connected by a web 76 and extend the entire length or" the machine so as to permit the carriages to he slid on and off from the foundation bed, as more fully hereinafter described.

While the rolls are balanced and their will suflice for both.

This means comprises a head '77, Figs. 1, 2 and 5, adjacent one end of the shaft and secured to the foundation bed of the machine by bolts '79 projecting through bosses 81 formed integral with said bed. These bolts will serve to limit the head against movement outward from the bed. Movement of the head in the opposite direction may be prevented by enlargements on said bolts confined between said head and ends of the foundation bosses.

A worm gear 85, Fig. 5, is threaded on one end of the shaft 73 and presents a face for en agement with one side of the head 77. The opposite side of said head is engaged by a nut 87 threaded on said shaft. The worm gear may be loclred'against rotation on said shaft after properly adjusted, by a key 89. The worm gear may have a hub 91 projecting through a bore in the head somewhat larger than the diameter of the shaft, but

this nub should be somewhat shorter than the thickness of said head in order that the worm gear and nut may be relatively adjusted tal-ze up wear thereon.

The worm gear and nut serve to connect the shaft with said head, and thus prevent movement of said shaft in the direction of fits axis while permitting rotation of said shaft.

The worm gear serves the dual function of constituting a part of the means for conlining the shaft against axial movement and a part of the means for imparting rotation to said shaft. 7

It is desirable to simultaneously and equally rotate the carriage connecting shafts at opposite sid s of the machine in order that the carriages for the opposite ends of each roll shaft shall be symmetrically adjusted. To accomplish this, a cross shaft 93, Figs. 1 and 2, may be provided above the worm gears 85and may have worms 95 fast thereon meshing with said worm gears; This shaft may be journaled in bearings formed partly in a clamping member 97 adjustably secured to one of said heads by tl1roughbolts 99. in end 101, 2, of said shaft may be squared to receive a suitable crank for rotating the same.

w it desired to ad t the rolls 0 another to vary the space the cranris applied to the tter is rotated. thereby .s, worm gears and the carriage connecting shafts. The latter will cause the rolls to approach or recede from oneanother, according to the direction of rotation imparted to said shafts. After the rolls have been adjusted to the desired positions, the through-bolts 99 are tightened,'

thereby drawing the clamp member 97 toward the head and securing the work shaft against rotation.

The means for adjusting the carriage connecting shafts and limiting the same against axial movement, it will be noted, is located atone end of the'machine externally of the foundation bed, thereby enabling the same -;to be easily and readily assembled with the bed .and accomplishing the purposes desired with a minimumnumber of parts. 7

Next will be described the means for shielding the ends of the crusher rolls, This means in the present instance of the invention, comprises shleld plates 103, Figs. 3 and 6, sufiiciently large .to cover the spaces at the ends of the rolls a substantial distance above the bight between the rolls. These plates may be swiveled on pins 105 projecting'inward from covers 107 for doors or apertures .in the side plates of the casing inclosing the rollsf These plates may be turned on these pins end for endto different positions of rotative'adjustment; they may be moved toward the ends of said rolls, or they .may be reversed so that their outer Y faces shown in Fig. 3,.will bejsubstituted 7 the inward movement of the plates.

of the material fed between the rolls.

, oermittin a" read 0 enin' and closin thereof. To accomplish this in the present instance ofthe invention, they are connected withthe casing by hinges 111, Fig. 3, and areflocked by latches inthe form of bails 113 pivoted to the casing and adapted to swing over fingers 115 projecting-upwardly from the covers. The bails may be secured by screw bolts 117 threaded into said bails and adapted to engagev said f fingers. j Bythe construction described, the shield 'platesmay be moved outward with the covers, thereby rendering the plates conveniently accessible for adjustment or replacement, and alsodesirably exposing the ends of the crusher rolls. v Fixed shield plates 119 may be securec by screws 121 to the casing above the cover shield plates described.

.Sincethe cover shield plates swing outward with the covers, they desirably expose the feedrolls without loss of proper adj ustment of the plates relatively to the covers. This renders the feed rolls quickly and clearly visible for the purpose of observing the adjustment of said rolls relatively to one another while in rotation and actively reducing material. The cross shafts may be turned to adjust the carriages and their rolls toward or from one another while the machine is in motion and while the rolls are observed through the door at the end of the casing.

Occasionally a piece of steel or other foreign material will become jammed in the crushing space between the rolls,respecially after the power is shut off from the machine and the rolls are turning slowly in the course-of stopping. It therefore becomes necessary to dislodge and remove such foreign 'material. Since the covers and shield plates may swing outward together, they enable the operative to discover quickly the location of such obstruction. He may then readily reach in through one of the doors and remove the obstruction by means of a rod or other implement.

In. the work of reducing the material fed into the machine, the rolls experience a pounding and pressing action which tends to reduce their thickness and tends to en large the internal diameter thereof. This enlargement tends to loosen the frictional engagement of the expansible clamping members with the rolls, but the expansible clamping members may be quickly and readily further expanded to secure the rolls' thereto by tightening the bolts which extendthrough the expansible member. Whenit is desired to remove the rolls from the machine to repair the same or substitute.

new rolls therefor, it is necessary merely to release the screws which hold the springs in tension and then the bearing boxes may be slid outward on their carriages sufficiently to escape the strips above their upper edges which prevent them from rising up from their carriages. Then the rolls, shafts and bearing boxes-maybe lifted bodily out of the machine where they are conveniently accessible.

.- If it is desired further to dismantle the machine and toremove thecarriages from the foundation bed, it is necessary merely to release the collars threaded to the carriage-connecting shafts from the carriage and to release the bolts which secure the shaft limiting heads to the foundation bed. This will permit the heads, worm cross shaft, and the carriage-connecting shafts to be removed from the machine, said shafts being pulled through the portions of the carriages encircling them out through the end of the machine. Then the carriages at one end of the machine may be slid on their tracks outward toward said end of the machine from the foundation bed and the carriages at the opposite end of the machine may be slid on their tracks toward said end of the machine from the foundation bed.

The machine described is extremely strong, and simple in construction; the parts are easy to manufacture and assemble, and are conveniently accessible for purposes of adjustment, removal, or repair.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment shown, but that extensive deviations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is 1. A machine of thecharacter described, comprising, in combination, a support, normally stationary carriages mounted thereon, journal boxes movable on said carriages, shafts j ournaled in said boxes, crushing rolls on said shafts, springs acting on said boxes yieldingly to press and move both of said rolls toward each other, an adjusting shaft having portions threaded to said carriages, means to rotate said adjusting shaft relatively to adjust both of said carriages, and means connected to said shaft and support adjacent only one end of said support, serving normally to prevent axial movement of said adjusting shaft relatively to said support.

2. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, a support, carriages slidably mounted thereon, journal boxes slidably mounted on said carriages, shafts journaled in said boxes, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, springs acting on said boxes yieldingly to move and press said rolls toward each other, an adjusting shaft having portions threaded to said carriages, a member connected to said shaft, and a pair of bolts connecting said member with said support to prevent axial movement of said adjusting shaft relatively to said support.

3. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, a bed, carriages slidably mounted on said bed, a pair of opposed crushing rolls carried by said carriages, a pair of adjusting shafts threaded to both of said carriages, worm wheels on said shafts adjacent one end of said base, a cross shaft having worms meshing with said worm wheels simultaneously to rotate said adjusting shafts to vary the space between said crushing rolls heads connected to said shafts adjacent one end of said bed, and means detachably to secure said heads to said bed to confine said adjusting shafts against axial movement.

f. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, a bed, carriages slidably mounted on said bed, shafts carried by said carriages, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, an adjusting shaft threaded to both of said carriages and projecting through and beyond both ends of said bed, means to rotate said adjusting shaft to vary the relative positions of said rolls, a member connected to said adjusting shaft beyond one end of said bed, and means connecting said'member to said bed to secure said adjusting shaft against axial movement.

5. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, a support, carriages slidably mounted thereon, shafts car ried by said carriages, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, an adjusting shaft having portions threaded to both of said carriages, a head connected to said adjusting shat, means to secure said head to said support, a worm wheel fast on said adjusting shaft, a worm meshing with said worm wheel, a shaft for said worm, and a clamp cooperating ith said head to secure said worm shaft in different positions of adjustment.

6. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, a bed having pairs of internal tracks thereon and webs connecting said tracks, hollow carriages having outward facing grooves to slide along said tracks, journal boxes mounted on said carriages, shafts journaled in said boxes, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, adjusting shafts projecting through said hol low carriages, members threaded to said adjusting shafts and secured to said carriages, means to secure said adjusting shafts against longitudinal movement, and means to rotate said adjusting shafts to vary the space between said crushing rolls.

7. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, a support, carriages mounted. thereon, boxes on said carriages, shafts journaled in said boxes, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, and means relatively to adjust both of said carriages including an adjusting shaft threaded to said carriages, a gear on said adjusting shaft, a nut on said adjusting shaft, a head confined between said gear and nut, means connecting said head to said support to prevent axial movement of said adjusting shaft, and a gear cooperating with the gear on said adjusting shaft to rotate the latter.

8. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, a support, carriages mounted thereon having abutments and uprights, boxes slidably mounted on said carriages between said abutments and uprights, shafts journaled in said boxes, crushing rolls on said shafts, coil springs for pressing said boxes toward said abutments, caps for engagement with said springs, adjusting screws projecting loosely through said uprights and having ends engaging said caps, and nuts threaded on said adjusting screws and bearing against said uprights to resist outward movement of said springs.

9. A machine of the class described, com prising in combination, a support, carriages thereon, crusher rolls journaled on said carriages, a shaft threaded to said carriages, a worm gear and a nut threaded on said shaft, a member interposed between said worm gear and nut to confine said shaft against axial movement, a worm for rotating said gear, a shaft for said worm, and means to clamp said shaft against rotation.

10. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, a support, crusher rolls mounted thereon, bearing boxes for said rolls, carriages for said boxes having inner abutments, exposed springs for urging said boxes toward said abutments, and narrow members mounted on the latter and projecting slightly from the abutment so as to overlap the inner edges of said boxes to prevent said boxes from rising on said carriages while admitting ready removal of the boxes from their carriages.

11. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusher rolls, a casing therefor having apertures furnishing access to the ends of said rolls, doors for said apertures movable out therefrom, shield plates between said doors and rolls, and means to support said plates from said doors, said apertures being sufliciently large to permit said plates to pass therethrough.

12. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusher-rolls, a casing therefor having apertures atthe ends of said rolls, doors for said apertures movable out therefrom, shield plates between said doors and rolls, and means adjustably to connect said plates and doors.

13. A mac iine ofthe class described, compris'ing'in combination, crusher rolls, a casing therefor having apertures at the ends of said rolls, doors for said apertures movable out therefrom, shield plates between said doors and rolls, and screw means adjustably to connect said plates and doors.

14. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusher rolls, a casing therefor having apertures at the ends of said rolls, doors for said apertures movable out therefrom, shield members between said doors and rolls, and means to connect said members with said doors.

15. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusher rolls, a casing therefor having doors at the ends of said rolls, covers for said doors hinged to said casing, and shield plates for said rolls mounted on said covers.

16. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusher rolls, a casing therefor having doors at the ends of said rolls, covers for said doors hinged to said casing, latch means for said covers, and shield plates for said rolls mounted on said covers.

17. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusher rolls, a casing therefor having an aperture furnishing access to ends of said rolls, a door for said aperture movable out therefrom, and a shield plate for said rolls mounted on said door. p v

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

THOMAS J. STURTEVANT.

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