US1349199A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

c. o. HAVENSTRITE.

commsssoa. APPLICATION FILED MAY 2?, i918.

' Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHE ET lc. n. HA VENSTRITE.

COMPRESSOR. I APPLICATFON FILED IAYZT, I9I8.

1,349, 199. Patented Aug. 10,1920.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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C. D. HAVENSTRITE.

COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED' MAY 27, 1918.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- avwenroz PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES I). nnvnnsrnrrn, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

' COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

Application filed May 27, 1918. Serial No. 236,770.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES D. HAVEN- STRITE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compressors, of which the following is a specification. 7 I

This invention relates to compressors, and one of its objects is the production of a compressor to be used as a refrigerating machine for household purposes. The compressor is devoid of valves that might cause leakage of the refrigerant and detachable parts that might work loose in the casing of the compressor are eliminated. By the rotations of the movable'parts in a casing the resulting centrifugal force will maintain a constant pressure on one side of all bearing surfaces, thereby taking up lost motion and making the compressor practically noiseless in operation. The close fitting of bearings in the compressor is not essentially necessary by reason of the lost motion being taken up. The compressor is designed to operate in oil or glycerin and-the condensing pressure or a pressure between the condensing and low pressure is to be maintained in the casing. Oil'or glycerinin the casing will freely circulate between all the vital moving parts and act as a seal against gas leakage.

. v The casing has no, cooler connected therewith, and in this instancev is air cooled by means of fan blades acting as spokes for the flywheel. An independent, fan apparatus to circulateair over the casing may-be employed. The casing can however be placed in a pan throughwhich water can be circulated and the necessary cooling effected. Water may also be circulated overthe outside of the casing, preferably on the periphery between two flanges thereof. Air cooling will most likely be sufficient for the use of ethyl chlorid for which the machine is specially adapted. By reason of the oil circulation in the casing of the compressor, the two main bearings will be constantly flooded with oil'and gas thereby will be prevented from coming in contact with the packinginth'e stufiing box of the casing. The oil flooded system ofoperation will prevent-leakage of gasthrough the packing,

since the oil or glycerin will prevent the escape of the working fluid or gas.

In the drawings Figure 1 represents a front elevation of a compressor exemplifying the invention; Fig. 2 shows a section of Fig. l on the broken line 2, 2, and a top plan view of some parts of Fig. 2; Fig. 3 is a partial section of Fig. 1 on the line 3', 3; Fig. a shows a fragmentary inside elevation of the front member of the casing of the compressor with some of the parts therefor; Fig. 5 represents an inside elevation of the rear member of the casing with some of the parts therefor and Fig. 6 is a section of Fig. 3 on the line6, 6.

The compressor is shown with the casing or housing comprising the cylindrical front member A, and the cylindrical rear member B. The front member A, consists of the front wall 20 and cylindrical wall 21 withthe male member 22 of a tenon shaped joint. A hearing concentric with axial center of the shaft to be described is indicated at 23, and an eccentric hub 24 with end face 25 extends from the inner face of the wall 20. Bosses 28 extend from the outer face of the front wall 20. A pair of cylindrical cavities 31 are formed in the hub 24: and contain each an adjusting disk 32 which bears against a spring 33. A stuffing box Set is formed with the wall 20 and is provided with the gland 3 5. An annular bushing 36 is rotatably supported on the cylindrical face of the hub 24. The cylindrical rear member B, comprises the rear wall 37 and the cylindrical wall 38 with the female member 39 of a tenon shaped joint. Bosses 40 extend from the outer face of the rear wall 37 and bolts 41 extend through openings in the walls 20 and 37 through their bosses to clamp together the members A and B of the casing. Thin packing like paper is clamped in the tenon shaped joint to prevent leakage.

A bearing 42 axially in line with the bearing 23 is formed in the member B. An eccentric hub 43 with the end face 44: extends from the inner face of the wall 37. In the face 44: is formed an inlet port 45 concentric with the axial center of the bearing 42. An inlet pipe 46 for the fluid operated upon connects with the inlet port 45.

An outlet port 4? struck with the same radius as the port 45 is also formed in the face 44 and has connected thereto the outlet pipe 48 for said fluid. A. shaft 49 is supported in the bearings 23 and 42 and has formed therewith the enlarged portion 50 which latter has fastened thereto the feather or spline 51. A pulley and flywheel 52 with the blades 52 is carried on the shaft 49. An annular bushing 53 is rotatably supported on the cylindrical face of the hub 43.

A disk shaped piston support 55 has the parallel end faces 56 and 57 between which is formed the opening 59. A pair of diametrically opposite cylindrical guide cavities 60 and 61 are formed in the support 55 andports 62 and 62 respectively extend from the lower ends of the cavities 60 and 61" to the face 56. Through the walls of the support 55 and extending downwardly from the open ends of the cavities 60 and 61 are formed the pairs of guide slots 63 and 64. A port 65 extends from each of the cavities 60 and 61 and a safety valve 66 normally bears on a seat 67 that leads to said port 65. The safetyvalves extend into the opening 59 and their outer ends bear against a spring 69, which is held in place by a screw 70; that extends through the central portion of the spring and into: the support 55.

On the annular bushing 36 are supported a pair of eccentric straps 72 and 73 which have respectively formed therewith. the heads 74 and 75. Similar eccentric straps 76 and 77 respectively having the heads 78 and 79 are supported on the annular bushing 53. A piston 83 with the bearings 8 4 is guided in the cavity 60, and a piston 85 with the bearings 86 is guided in the cavity 61.

A spindle is shown with the end portions 88 and central portion'89. The central portion 89 extends through the bearings 84 of the cylinder-83. The end portions 88 of said spindle extend through the guide slots 63 and respectively into the heads and .79 of their eccentric straps.

'A second spindle is shown with the end portions 94 and the central portion 96. The

latter portion extends through the bearings 86, of the cylinder 85 and the end portions 94 extend through the guide slots 64 and into the heads 74 and 78 of their eccentric straps. 7

An oil charging pipe 96 is in threadedv engagement with an opening in the member A of the casing and connects with the oil given to the pistonsupport 55 in the directionj-of the arrow X by means of a belt not shown'onthe pulley '52. By reason of the eccentricity of the hubs 24 and 43 with the axial center of the shaft 49 the, heads 74, 75, 78 and 79 receivea reciprocatory motion, which reciprocates the pistons 83 and 85. By this means the gas or otheroperating fluid flows from the inlet pipe 46 into the inlet port 45. From the latter it enters either one of the'ports 62 or 62" and from the latter respectively into the guide cavity 60 or 61, depending upon whether the piston 83 or 85 is coacting with the inlet port 45. The operating fluid enters either of said cavities while the cavity 62 or 62' is mov ing over the inlet port 45. \Vhen the cavity 62 or 62 moves over the end face 44 between the inlet port 45 and outlet port 47 the charges in the cylinders are compressed. lVhen the port 47 is reached by either the cavity 62or 62" the compressed fluid is discharged through the outlet pipe 48. The blades 52 of the flywheel 52 circulate air over the surface of the casing. The compressor is specially adapted to compress the volatile gas used for refrigeration and ice making; and thereby a suction effect is produced in the inlet port 45 which causes the support 55 to hug the face 44, and pressure is produced in the outlet port 47 which tends to separate the support 55 from the face 44. By this means, if the relative area of the port 45 is sufliciently greater than the area of the port 47 the unbalanced pressure will cause the piston support 55 to bear against the end face 44, of the eccentric hub 43. Thereby leakage between the face 56 of the support 55 and the face 44 of the hub 43 is avoided and a gas tight joint is produced. When the-machine is started to procure the gasatight joint, the adjusting disks 32 by means of the springs-31 cause thesupport 55 to move toward and bear against the face 44. The feather or spline 51 permits the lateral movement of the support 55 on the enlarged portion 50 of the shaft 49.

The amount of pressure between the end face 56 of the support 55 and the end face 44 can be controlled'by the relative areas of the ports 45 and 47 on the end face 44. Oil is forced into the casing through the pipe 96 which lubricates all the moving parts of the compressor in the casing and seals all the joints to prevent leakage. The pressure in the casing incase the compressor is used for refrigeration will be maintained between the suction and the discharge pressure.

The casingwhen the machine is in opera tion contains sufficient oil to lubricate all the -moving parts, "and when the machine is stopped the pressure will force the oil into the inlet or lower pressure port 45,-so that when the machineis again started no gas will be drawn into the cavities'60 and 61, but a solid body of lubricant instead, and

62 are traveling between the ports 45 and 47 by reason of a non-compressible fluid being in the cavities 60 and 61, safety valves 66 are provided, which Will discharge the oil from the cavities 60 and 61 and permit the operating fluid to flow into said cavities.

Having described my invention Whatl desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim is:

1. In a compressor the combination of a casing comprising a pair of members, means to connect said members, a shaft journaled in bearings in said members, ahub extending from the inner face of each member of the casing eccentric to said shaft, a disk shaped piston support having an end face bearing against the end face of one of said hubs carried on the shaft and turning therewith, guide cavities in said support with their axis in radial directions with respect to the shaft, a piston in each cavity, a pair of eccentric straps on each hub, ahead formed with each eccentric strap, a spindle extending through bearings at the outer end of each piston, the end of each spindle extending into an opening in one of the heads of one of the eccentric straps, an inlet port and an outlet port formed in the the end face of one of the hubs that has bearing against it the said end face of the piston support and means to inject a lubricant into the casing.

2. In a compressor the combination of a casing, a shaft journaled in the casing, a feather in the shaft, a piston support on the shaft and engaged by the feather, a hub on the inner faces of the casing eccentric With said shaft, the end face of one of said hubs having one of the end faces of the piston support bearing thereon, means to maintain the face of the piston support and the face of the hub together, a pair of guide cavities in the piston support, a reciprocating piston in each cavity, and means to turn the said piston support.

Signed at Chicago in the county of Cook and State of Illinois this fifteenth day of May A. D. 1918.

CHARLES D. HAVENSTRITE.

\Vitnesses:

CECIL DE GRoo'r, HARRY KRoHNL

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