US1343795A - Chuck for holding drills, reamers, and the like - Google Patents

Description

E. M. SMITH AND A. W. WINSALL.

CHUCK FOR HOLDING 'DR lLLS, REAMERS, AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILED AUG-13, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' E. M. SMITH AND A. w. WINSALL. CHUCK FOR HOLDING DRIL LS, REAMERS,AND THE LIKE- APPLICATION FILED AUG- l3, I919.

Patented J 11116 15,

2 SHEETS-SHEET, 2.

UNITED STATES 1 ERIC MONTAGUE sivirrir, or KEYNSHAM, NEAR BBJSTOL, A D ALBERT WINSALL, or KEYNsHAM, ENGLAND.

PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM CHUCK ron HoLnrNG DRILLS, REAMERS, AND THE IKE.

To all whom it may 00mm:

Be it known that we, ERIC MONTAGUE SMITH, managing director of Tangent Tool Company (Cosmos,) Limited, of J Tangent l/Vorks, Bath Road, Keynsham, near Bristol, in the. county of Somerset, England, and ALBERT WYILLIAM WiNsALL, draftsman, residing at Homeleigh, Rock Road, Keynsham aforesaid, bothsubjects ofthe King of Great Britain, have invented new or Improved Chucks for Holding Drills, Reaniers, and the like, ofwhich the following is a specification. 1

This invention relates to drill chucks which can be easily manipulated to lock or release the drill by; hand only without the necessity of separate locking means such as spanners, keys or the like. y p

The accompanying drawings illustrate sev' eral difierent forms of chick constructed in accordance with this invention, in which Figure 1' is a part sectional elevation and Fig. 2 an inverted planwithpart removed of one form whereinfour jaws are employed in grooves provided to receive same, in the bodypartp v Fig. 3 is a part sectional elevation of the cage or inner member which carries, the jaws and Fig. 4 is a detail. a

Fig. 5is anxinverted plan with cap removed, of a modified construction wherein three jaws are, used.

FigsfG and 7 are, respectively elevation and plan showing be employed.

Fi g. 8 isadetail OfIIlOdlfiCittlOIl. Fig. 9 represents a vertical section of'another embodiment ofthis invention.

suitable distance as at 4 to receive asliding or floating 'member'5 (referred to as-the cage) which is provided with four transverse slots 6. I (See Fig. 3.) Jaws T are mounted in said slots so as tobe capable of sliding tranversely therein.

The outer sides or edges of tliiejaws 7 are inclined or tapered toward the axis from the how two j aws: only may Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 15, 1920.

Application filed August 13, .1919. 'Serial No..317,376. i

lower, ends as P at 8 and are semi-circular in cross-section,see Fig. Qandproject from I the cagej5 and bear in the. correspondingly formed grooves orrecesses 9 in the interior wall of the body 1 while the opposite or inner sides of the jaws inicross-section are beveled or, chamfered so that the four jaws present four,bearing points or edges all equidistant from the axis of thebody (see Fi v Q he cage 5 may if desired be made in two parts to facilitate manufacture in which case the lower part is provided with a ring 5" secured. to the cage proper by screw threads or otherwise. This is shown clearly in Figs. 3 and 4. The lower part of the cage is preferably made of larger diameter than the upper part as at 5the interior of the body 1 being correspondingly boredto suit same fora suitabledistance as at 4E, as will permit of the sliding action. 1

. In use, the lockin ring 2 is unscrewed the required amount according to the diameter of the'drill) and the drill inserted with the end thereof in contact withthe top or inner endofthe cage .5. The locking ring isv then screwed up ,by thumb and finger which causes the jaws'to be moved inwardly to grip the drill more or less firmly vby reason of the inclined ortapered outer edges of theaws coacting with the tapered grooves of the body part. a I

Upon pressure being applied bythe operating lever of the machine, the pressure reacts through the drill, tending to move the cage relatively to the body withthe result that the jaws are pressed tightly onto the drill and securely grip same, the gripping pressure increasing proportionately as the operating pressure increases and thus the great disadvantage of the drill slipping in use is obviated. I

It will be seen that as soon as the pressure due to the drilling operation is relieved, the

grip on the drill. is correspondingly lessened and the drill. may then be easily released simply by slightly unscrewingthe cap 2.- v

The lower end of the locking cap is pref erably formed of thin. metal which may be body a light spring 10 is provided adapted to bear upon the inner end of the cage 5 so that said cage will always follow the locking cap 2 when the latter is unscrewed, to permit of the insertion of a drill of a size which it is required to use.

Instead of four jaws being employed as described two or three may be used but for cheapness and convenience of manufacture either four or two are preferred, although three jaws may also preferably be usede. 9;, as in Figs. 9 to 11. 5 shows a construction. having three jaws and Figs. 6 and 7 a two jaw construction. y

As shown in the last-mentioned construction the two jaws T are formed at their iunor or gripping faces of V-shape in eresssection as at T the opposing sides being slotted or cut away in staggered formation at 7 in the usual way so as to permit of the jaws coming close together to hold drills of small diameter.

in the modified construction shown in Figs. 9 to 11 the body part 1 of the chuck is formed with an internal cone 11 and the outer side of each jaw 7 bears against the interior conical wall thereof.

In this arrangement (Figs. 9 to 11) the interior of the body part 1 is provided with a conical or tapering bore 11 for a suitable distancce. 5 as shown in the drawings; and,-at the inner (smaller) end of said cone,

the bore is continued of cylindrical form for a suitable distance to receive therein the inner end of the cage 5 which latter in the case illustrated is providedwith three jaws '7 carried in transverse slots 6 provided to receive same in the said cage 5; said trans verse slots 6 and aws T therein being spaced equi distant around the cage 5; and the outer edge or outer side of each suchjaw acts against and co-acts with whichever part of the interior of the conical wall 11 same happens to bear against or make contact with.

The reduced portion of the cage 5 in Fig. 9 is adapted to enter the central opening of the cap 2. A ring 5? is slipped over the shank of the cage 5 and seats 011 the enlarged portion 5" thereof. The jaws 7 seat upon the ring 5, in such a manner, that when the cap 2 is screwed tight, the said ring will push up the jaws into their closest relative position.

12 is a light spring wire or tie which is passed loosely through the group of jaws 7 in the cage 5, to normally tie or hold said jaws loosely in position in said grooves in the cage 5 if and when the latter is withdrawn from the body part 1; the arrangement of said wire or spring 12 being such as not to interfere in any way with the movementof the jaws 7 when in operation within the chuck, and also serving to keep .thejaws always open, and preventing them 'clined backs of the-jaws 7 in contact with the conical bore 11 of the body 1, thus insuring that as the screw cap 2 is unscrewed the jaws '7 automatically open radially outward fromthe center thus facilitating the insertion of the drill shank in any position.

In operation, when the outer edgeso'l' the jaws 7 are forcedagainst the interior conical wall '13 the frictional contact therewith locks and holdssaid jaws against any relative rotary movement between said jaws and said body part and thus forms an absolute clutch action between these parts and thereby positively rotates the drill the shank of which is gripped by said jaws.

In the caseof chucks for holding the larger sizes of drills, the inward travel of the jaws may be limited; this facilitates the entry of the drill shank as the opposing gripping faces are always kept apart. This is shown inFig. 8 wherein a pin 11 having an enlarged head is-inserted from the inner sidetlirough the top of the eage,said enlarged head serving to'maintain a minimum distance between the jaws.

In the case of drills or the-like having tapered shanks,'the gripping edges of the jawscould be similarly tapered and thus, by providing two sets of jaws either straight or taper shank drills-can be used at will. This will be found especially useful where the tang of the drill has been broken off.

1. A drill chuck comprising in combination; a. body having the lowerportion provided with a conical 'borew-ith'the larger diameter of the latter at the lower end of said body and having-'inaxial 'alinement therewith a cylindrical bore extending upwardly from and of the'same diameter as the smaller diameter of said conical bore, an abutment at the top of said'cylindrical'bore, a non-rotating slotted cage the top end of which is adapted to form an abutment for the "top endbfthesharik of the drill and said. cage having the upper exterior portion thereof cylindrical and of approximately the same diameter as' the aforesaid cylindrical bore in the body and adapted to fit and slide freely in said body axially thereof, a spring located between thetop end of said slotted cage and the aforesaid abutment in the body and tending to thrust said cage outwardfjaws carried in the slots iii-said cage eachsaid jaw having the outer edge tapered to the conical bore in the body'and having the inner edge ofeach said jawbeveled or chamfere'd so as to present gripping edges to the drill shank and said edges spaced equidistant apart from one another around said drill'shank, and a detachable cap adjustable on the lower end of said body non-rotating slotted cage adapted to slide in said body axially thereof, jaws carried on said cage and movable in said grooves, a spring tending to thrust said cage outward, and a detachable cap engaging the lower end of said body and provided with a slotted head forming spring catches which engage said cage.

4:. A drill chuck comprising a body provided with longitudinal flaring grooves, a non-rotating slotted cage adapted to slide in said body axially thereof, jaws carried in said cage and movable insaid grooves, a spring tending to thrust said cage outward, and a detachable cap adjustable on the lower end of said body and provided with an elastic head which engages said cage,v said I cage having a reduced portion at its lower 7 end and a detachable ring thereon. v

5. A drill chuck comprising a body provided with longitudinal flaring grooves, a non-rotating slotted cage adapted to slide in said body axially thereof and provided with a recess in its upper end, jaws carried in said cage and movable in said grooves, a spring disposed in said recess and tending to thrust said cage outward, and a detachable cap adjustable on the lower end of said body and provided with an elastic head which engages said cage.

ERIC MONTAGUE SMITH. ALBERT WILLIAM WINSALL.

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