US1339753A - Pile fabric and yarn and method of making - Google Patents

Description

A. G. FROMUTH.

PILE FABRIC AND YARN AND METHOD OF MAKING. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18. 1915.

1,339,753. Patented May 11, 1920.

INVENTON Br W 5550M! UNITED STATES PATENT orrion.

AUGUST G. FROMUTH, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO ALVA CARPET & RUG GQMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

PILE FABRIC AND YARN AND METHOD OF MAKING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11, 1920.

Application filed September 18, 1915. Serial No. 51,506.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUST G. FROMUTH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pile Fabric and Yarn and Methods of Making, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, forming part thereof.

My invention relates to the making of pile fabrics containing parti-colored yarns, such for example as tapestry and velvet carpets, made up either in long strips of standard width or in rugs. The parti-colored printed yarns woven into such fabrics are commonly printed on drums by means of color pulleys, a large number of threads or yarns be ing carried by the drum and each thread or yarn on the drum being similarly printed so that the color is applied in longitudinal stripes the drum producing variously colored portions in the yarn; andI prefer to carry out myinvention by thus printing the yarns on a drum.

An important object of my invention is to obtain fine effects, or delicacy of treatment in the design, located wherever de sired in the fabric, as distinguished from the coar er effects or less delicate treatment appearing in other parts of the design and fabric. Other objects of my invention are economy of time, labor and dyestuffs. Other objects and advantages of my invention will hereinafter appear.

Heretoforc these yarns for tapestry or velvet carpet fabrics commonly have been printed with color pulleys of uniform and considerable width or in some instances where colors have run very freely, slightly narrower color pulleys have been used for such freely running colors, so asto produce upon the yarn as wound upon the drum stripes of equal and considerable width. Commonly in practice each of these stripes is slightly wider than the width required to produce a single pile-forming loop or tuft for each of the threads of the yarn, when such printed yarn is woven intoa pile fabric, and a usual practice has been to make about five printed stripes on the yarn correspond to about eight pile-forming loops or tufts in the fabric. So far as I am informed it has not heretofore been deemed possible to produce fine effects by the emloyinent of narrow color pulleys, and such efiects have not been so produced. It has also heretofore been deemed necessary to print the entire surface of the yarn either in colors or in paste. At places where uncolored portions or spaces of yarn were desired, according to the pattern to be produced in the fabric, the printing has been done with a starchy paste or the like instead of colors, the printing in pastebeing to prevent the running or spreading of the colors into the parts of the yarns where no color was desired.

I have discovered that narrow sharply defined stripes of color may be produced wherever desired in the length of the yarn, and that these narrow sharply defined stripes of color may be located in juxtaposition'to uncolored parts of the yarn, so that, for example, in the printing of yarns wherein the standard width of the stripe of color pro duced is one-half an inch, narrow stripes of color, say one-eighth of an inch wide may be printed, located centrally of uncolored portions one-half an inch wide, thus producing within the width of one-half an inch an d by the printing of a single narrow stripe the three contrasting stripes in part at least, located for each thread in a single pileforiiing loop or tuft, and comprising first uncolored yarn, second the printed color, and third the uncolored yarn. When the yarns are woven a fine effect can be produced in which one of the colors is mingled with uncolored. yarn. Any one or more of the colors in any designmay be thus similarly broken up.

My invention is carried out simply by applying the color with narrow and properly located color pulleys in the chosen parts of the pattern where the finer effects are to be produced. In carrying out my invention the printing of the yarns is done by means of any suitable or usual yarn-printing machine, it being only necessary to provide color pulleys of the required narrow width and properly located to print at the desired locations and to leave unprinted the desired uncolored stripes and to use them in the proper pattern relation with v the usual wider color pulleys so that the desired fine effects produced by my invention will be introduced in the pattern at the places desired.

I shall now more particularly describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and shall thereafter point out my invention in claims.

Figure 1 illustrates a tapestry or velvet rug or carpet pattern of which the fabric is to be woven in accordance with my invention. t

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation illustrating the manner in which the pile forming warp yarns are printed, and shows a plurality of printed yarns corresponding to a section taken on a plane indicated by the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the color pulleys employed for printing the threads or yarns illustrated in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1 is shown a small portion only of simple three-color design as it would appear in the woven fabric, the three colors employed being indicated as black, green and red, the green and red parts of the pattern being shown in the illustrated geometrical design as separated from each other by theblack parts of the pattern. A portion ofone of the black parts of the pattern, in the form of a central swastika 1, is shown as broken up into mottled or fiecked black and white, in accordance with and by the employment of my invention.

As is well understood in the art of tapestry weaving, any one of the pile-forming warp threads will present the pattern in elongated form along that particular line. In Fig. 2, each of the printed threa is or yarns 2 presents, in elongated form, the part of the pattern appearing on the line 22 of Fig. 1. It is to be noted, of this particular pattern, that the greater part of the length of the yarns 2 is printed with the usual wide color pulleys 3, 4: and 5, shown in Fig. 3, to produce correspondingly wide and contiguous black, red and green stripes 6, 7 and 8, as appears in Fig. 2. However, the central swastika 1 is made to stand out by the printing of the yarns 2 with a narrow color pulley 9 (Fig. which is applied to the yarns 2 so as to produce narrow color stripes 10 of black in spaced relation and so located as to leave unprinted the desired uncolored stripes 11 which appear transversely of the yarns in Fig. 2, and the narrow black color pulley 9 being so applied as to print the single narrow black stripe 10 in the middle of a space of the same width. as each of those spaces that is fully printed by each of the usual wide color pulleys 3, 4 and 5, as is clearly evident from Fig. 2.

The yarns 2 in Fig. 2, although shown in diagram and out of proportion, for purposes of illustration, may be considered as representing a flattening out or development of the surface of a drum upon which these yarns are wound in the usual way, it being understood that the colors may be applied in the usual way, one stripe successively after another, by the successive use of the required. color pulleys in the order in which the suc cessive stripes are shown as arranged in Fig. 2 of the drawings. It is to be noted that a narrow color pulley, such, for example, as the narrow color pulley 9, for printing the narrow black stripes l0, occupies the same amount of space on the drum as does each of the usual wide color pulleys 3, 4c and 5, and that a narrow color pulley, such as the pulley 9, produces three stripes at one printing, one stripe of color 10 and two unprinted stripes 11 of the natural yarn color and separated by the narrow printed stripe 10, as most clearly appears near the right side in Fig. 2.

As an example a drum may be 31.25 feet or 375 inches in circumference, and the ratchet Wheel which determines the extent of each. movement of this drum may have 720 teeth. This is known as a 720 index drum. The travel of the circumference of the drum or of the yarn wound thereon for each actuation of the drum would be approximately one-half an inch, and under heretofore existingpractice each pulley, such as one of the usual wide pulleys 3, 4: and 5 illustrated in Fig. 3, would be about onehalf an inch wide so that the successive stripes of color or starch applied to the yarn on the drum would be contiguous, as appears in Fig. 2 in the stripes 6, 7 and 8 of color printed with the usual wide color pulleys 3, at and 5. According to my invention, at any point of the pattern at which a fine efiect is to be produced, a pulley of narrow width, say one-eighth of an inch, such as the narrow pulley 9 shown in Fig. 3, would be used and it would be so located as to apply the narrow stripe of color at the desired portion of the approximately half-inch width of the circumference of the yarn wound upon the drum which would be brought into juxtaposition to the color pulley at the time of the application of this narrow stripe of color. as will be clear by a comparison of Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings. Thus the fineness of the effect would correspond to that attainable with a drum having four times the number of teeth or a 2880 index drum with the same number of operations as in the coarser 720 index, and with all the advantages of using the coarser index drum in the solid colored portions of the yarn.

My invention may also be used to produce a Moresque or mottled effect. This effect has heretofore been produced by twisting two or three differently colored threads to gether, which involves the additional operation of producing these twisted threads and which necessarily requires that these twisted threads shall extend throughout the full length of the fabric woven. According to my invention the Moresque effect may be obtained Wherever it is desired, and solid colored or other effects obtained wherever the Moresque effect is not desired throughout the length of the fabric, by applying the color with narrow color pulleys where the Moresque effect is desired, and using full width color pulleys for other parts of the fabric. For example, in weaving rugs, the border portions may have solid colors across the fabrics, or both solid and Moresque portions, and the body may be partially or wholly in Moresque effect. My invention permits the juxtaposition of solid colors and Moresque effects wherever desired, combined in any desired manner, making possible very fine variations of design throughout the fabric, such as have here tofore been impossible of attainment.

Many other fine new and beautiful effects may be produced in carrying out my invention. For example, dots of the natural yarn color may be sprinkled wherever desired throughout the body or border on throughout both. Furthermore, in printing the yarns for the vital parts of the design. narrow color pulleys can be employed leaving narrow stripes of the natural yarn color, giving a fine effect, and in the other parts of the design the wide color pulleys can be used. In this way I have found I can produce on a 720 index drum the effect given by a 2880 index drum, the rug or other fabricbeing just as fine in appearance and having the colors filled in more evenly and fuller.

Another advantage of my invention is that it produces different tints and shades of color with different sized pulleys, such as dark red, medium red, light red. A smaller stripe of color and a larger stripe of uncolored surface makes a lighter efiect. Instead of having a lighter color placed solidly over the surface, I place the same color over a portion of the surface and leave the other portion uncolored, which gives it a lighter, a sharper, a richer and a more sparkling efi'ect, 2'. a, it produces practically the same relative variety as a lighter shade of color, but adds the variation and sparkle produced by the narrow lines produced by narrow pulleys.

It is obvious that various modifications may be made in my invention as shown in the accompanying drawings and above particularly described within the principle and scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. The method of making pile fabrics containing printed yarns which consists in printing on the pile-forming yarns stripes of color and leaving thereon contiguous unprinted stripes, the stripes of'one kind of ric having both colored and uncolored portions 'of the yarns displayed in individual pile-forming loops or tufts.

2. The method of making pile fabrics containing printed yarns which consists in printing on the pile-forming yarns stripes of color narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, leaving unprinted stripes contiguous to such printed stripes, and then weaving such yarns to form a pile fabric having both colored and uncolored portions of the yarns displayed in individual pile-forming loops or tufts.

3. The method of making pile fabrics containing printed yarns which consists in printing on the pile-forming yarns stripes of color each separating two unprinted stripes and of a width and arrangement so that any contiguous two of said stripes taken together will be narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, and then weaving such yarns to form a pile fabric, whereby one colored and two uncolored portions of such yarns may be displayed in individual pile-forming loops or tufts in such fabric.

4. The method of making pile fabrics containing printed yarns which consists in printing on parts of the pile-forming yarns contiguous stripes of color each at least of a width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, on other parts of the same yarns printing and leaving unprinted contiguous colored and uncolored stripes of which the stripes of one kind of said stripes are narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, and then weaving such yarns to form a pile fabric having in selected parts of the fabric fully colored portions of said pile-forming yarns displayed in individual pile-forming loops or tufts and having in other selected parts of the fabric both colored and uncolored portions of such yarns displayed in individual pile-forming loops or tufts.

5. A pile fabric comprising in its weave a pile-forming yarn having contiguous printed and unprinted portions one said kind of which are narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

6. A pile fabric comprising in its weave a pile-forming yarn having contiguous printed and unprinted portions, and of which said printed portions of the yarn are narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

7. A pile fabric comprising in its weave a pile-forming yarn having one printed portion and two unprinted portions contiguous to and separated by said printed portion, and any contiguous two of said portions taken together being narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, whereby one colored and two uncolored portions of said pile-forming yarn may be exposed in an individual pile-forming loop or tuft of the pile fabric.

8. A pile fabric comprising in its weave a pile-forming yarn having in chosen parts thereof contiguous printed portions each at least of a width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, and having in other chosen parts thereof contiguous printed and unprinted portions one said kind of which narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, whereby said plle fabric in selected parts thereof may have fully colored portions of said pilcforming yarn exposed in individual pileforming loops or tufts and in other selected parts thereof may have both colored and'uncolored portions of said pile-forming yarn exposed in individual pile-forn'iing loops or tufts.

9. The method of producing figuring or pattern-forming warp yarns for making pile fabrics containing printed yarns, which consists in printing on the pile-forming yarns stripes of color and leaving thereon contiguous unprinted stripes, the stripes of one kind of said stripes being narrower than the width required for producing a pile forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

10. The method of producing figuring or pattern-forming warp yarns for making pile fabrics containing printed yarns, which consists in printing on the pileforming yarns stripes of color narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, and leaving unprinted stripes contiguous to such printed stripes.

11. The method of producing figuring or or pattern-forming warp yarns for making pile fabrics containing printed yarns, which consists in printing on the pile-forming yarns stripes of color each separating two unprinted stripes and of a width and ar rangement so that any contiguous two of said stripes taken together will be narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

12. The method of producing figuring or pattern-forming warp yarns for making pile fabrics containing printed yarns, which ronsists in printing on parts of the pile-forming yarns contiguous stripes of color each at least of a width required for producing a piie-forniing loop or co 'rresponding tuft in the pile fabric, and on other parts of the same yarns printing and leaving unprinted contiguous colored and uncolored stripes of which the stripes of one kind of said stripes are narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

13. A pile-forming yarn having contiguous printed and unprinted portions one said kind of which are narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

1a. A pile-forming yarn having contiguous printed and unprinted portions, and of which said printed portions of the yarn are narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

15. A pile-forming yarn having one printed portion and two unprinted portions contiguous to and separated by said printed portion, and any contiguous two of said por tions taken together being narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

16. A pile-forming yarn having in chosen parts thereof contiguous printed portions each at least of a width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric, and having in other chosen parts thereof contiguous printed and unprinted portions one said kind of which are narrower than the width required for producing a pile-forming loop or corresponding tuft in the pile fabric.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my gnature.

AUGUST G. FROMUTH.

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