US1339471A - Means for removing deposits from electrodes - Google Patents

Description

A. F. MESTON.

MEANS FOR REMOVING DEPOSITS FROM ELECTRODES.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.23. 1917.

1,339,471. P ented May 11, 1920.

. 7 71/ 2 HTS-SHEET l- 6 Moan 34 A- F. MESTON. MEAN FOR REMOVING DEPOSITS FROM ELECTRODES.

AVPPLWON Patented May 11,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED srAtpiis PATENT ornron;

ARCHIBALD F. MESTON, NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 RESEARCH CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MEANS FORjREMOVING DEPOSITS FROM ELECTRODES.

I Specification of Letters Patent. Patented BIay 11, 1920,

Application filed October 23, 1917. Serial No. 198,157.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARC-HIBALI) F. Mes- ToN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented cer-;

tain new and useful Improvements in Means for Removing Deposits from Elec' trodes, of which the following is a specification. I

The present invention relates to appa ratus for separating dust, soot or other solid or liquid particles from gases by electricalaction. It is a common experience that in apparatus of this kind, although most of the particles drop to the bottom of the percipitator and are then removed from the apparatus or settle on thecollecting electrodes and are then jarred therefrom by hammers or knockers, some of the particles adhere to the discharge electrode or electrodes and gradually form a'deposit in spite of the action of the electric charge tending to force themaway. Such deposit is detrimental to theoperatiou of the apparatus.

. It is the object of the present invention to provide means for jarring ofi' dust, soot or other particles from discharge electrodes of an electric precipitator. It is the particular object to provide a system of hammers or knockers which does not interfere with the operation of the precipitator, does not affect the insulation of the-discharge electrodesfrom the collectingelectrodes or the ground and is simple in construction and operation. I carry out the above objects by housing the knocker-system in the precipitating chamber closely I associated with the discharge electrodes and insulating it. incommon with the discharge electrodes from the remaining structure.

For a fuller understanding of the invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a vertical section through a precipitator embodying the invention;'

horizontal section through the device'shown in Fig. 1; a '-Fig. 3 a diagrammatic representation of electrical connections for operating the knocker system,-and

Figs electrode system to which the invention is ap lied.

11 Figs.

' terminals 24 and terminal and the switch terminal 24.

. 4 and 5 Show a modified form or- 1 and 2, which represent merely in conventional form a preeipitator, 1 i the terial, although this is not essential. This platform, which holds the discharge electrodes taut, is connected by strain insulators 7 to the walls of the chamber and held there by'in'fixed position. y

T he knocker system comprises a plurality of knockers or hammers 8, one for each discharge electrode. Each h'ammer has two heads 9 and 10 adapted to strike the elec trodes from opposite sides. While these hammers may be supported in various ways, I prefer to mount them in pairs on carried by cross bars 11. This supporting frame is mounted for. oscillating motion on uprights 12 through levers 13 and 13' pivoted thereto. On the platform 6 is mounted a solenoid device inclosed in a casing 14. This solenoid device is composed of two coils 15 and 16 and a common core 17 shown detached in Fig. 3 for the purpose of clearness. The core is attached by links 18 and 19 to rods 20 and 21 respectively, which rods are in turn pivotally connected to levers 13 and 13 at the lower end thereof.

As shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 3, the core 17 has a projection 22 extending outwardly between the coils. Opposite the projection is pi-votally-mounted a U-shaped contact switch 23; The coils 15 and 16 have 25 spaced from each other a distance slightly greater than the distance between the legs of the switch so that the legs may alternately. contact with one of the terminals. The switch is pivoted on a conductor bar 26 and-a spring 27 may be' and the switch interposed betweenthe bar to insure a good contact between one Ccoll urrent connections are made to the bar 26 and the outer ends of the coils 15 and 16, as indicated schematically in Fig; 3. The solenoids are so designed that, when current passes through the coil 15, thecore is forced toward coil 16. The projection on the core thereby strikes leg-24' of the switch -a f rce it against c ntact .25- Thev curbars '10 rent will now pass through coil 16 aml thecore will be forced toward coil 15. This opcration will continue, like in the ordinary make and breakdevice, so long ascurrent is supplied. The motion of the core is transmitted. as before stated. to the swinging knocker frame and the knockers or hammers are caused to strike the electrodes alternalely from one side and then from the other. The impact of the hammers on the electrodes causes vibration of the electrode 'or high voltage winding of a transformer.

.\ double throw-switch comprising the common terminals (1, 7). the terminals 0, d ofthe low voltage circuit and the terminals 6, f on the high voltage circuit. From the terminal (n a connection is made through the conducting frame 4: to the electrode 3 and.

from the terminal I; to the electrode 3". The electrode 3 is connected to the conductor bar 26 and the electrode 3" makes connection to the outer ends of the coils 15 and 16 through a wire 26. The electrode 3" is insulated from the conductor bar 4 in any suitable manner. an insulating bushing 33 being shown in. Fig. l merely as a suggest1on.

\Vhen the switch is thrown into contact with the terminals 1*. 1]. current will pass from the low voltage source through electrode 3 to the bar 26. then through contact 24; into coil 15 and from coil 1:") through wire 26 to electrode 3" and back to the source, or vice versa.

\Vhen the switch A isthrown to the left into contact with the high voltage terminals 0. f, which are short circuited by wire 9, one pole of the high voltage winding 32 is connected through wire it with both electrodes 3' and 3", the other pole of the trans-- former winding 32 being connected to ground G, as usual, to complete the circuit through ground G and the collecting electrodes 2 via the chamber structure 1. Since all the electrodes. except 3" are positively interconnected through the bars 4 of the supporting structure, and electrode 3" is charged through the wire y, the discharge electrodesystem is uniformly charged. Electrical connection is. of course, also made between electrodes 3' and 3" through the solenoid device, but I prefer to short circuit them through wire 9 in addition to that.

It is thus seen that the knocker system is introduced into the high voltage system without in the least impairing the insulation of it. The conductors m and u may be carried in a single cable (not shown) as they must be insulated from each other only for the voltage of the primary source.

Figs. fir and 5 show the invention embodied in a slightly different way. The discharge electrodes are in the form of wires 40 surroundedby pipes 40' to make them rigid and durable. The corner electrodes 40" are made of larger diameter and greater rigidity for the purpose of supporting the knocker system. which is in all respects similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The cross bars 42 are pivotally supported on arms 43 which are pivoted to the electrodes 40. Bars -t-l interconnect the cross bars 42 and carry'the knockers Since the corner electrodes are of larger diameter than the other electrodes. the heads of the knockers cooperating with them' are spaced farther apart than the heads of the other knockers so that all heads may simultaneously strike their electrodes. The corner electrodes are shown out of alinemcnt with the other electrodes. although this feature is not material. The knockers 45 are therefore bent to bring the heads into proper p0 sition.

The electromagnetic device and the connections for operating it are identical with the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and therefore omitted.

The foregoing is intended merely as an illustration of the principle on which the invention is based and of one way in which .it may be carried out. The details of the knocker system may be varied within wide limits. the operating mechanism may be replaced by different types of electro-magnetie devices and the connections altered correspondingly. The invention is applicable to all forms of electrodes.

In order to operate the jarring device to clean the discharge electrodes it is only necessary tothrow over the. switch A from the high to the low voltage side of the transformer and after a few seconds throw it back. This may be done as often as desired without materially interrupting the opera tion of the precipitator.

\Vhile l have shown the knocker or ham-. mer system mounted at the lower end of the electrodes, it is obvious that it may be supported by the electrode system at the upper end thereof as for instance from. the frame 4 by suitably increasing the distance between the frame 4 and the upper end of the collecting electrodes 2. The invention may be applied to asingle discharge electrode by merely making the electrode of two conductors insulated from each other for the voltage of the primary circuit. A convenient arrangement for this purpose would be that description the current -.In the preceding the hammer system has used for operating been derived from the low voltage side of a rent system a high tension D. C.

transformer, the high voltage side of which" is normally connected to the discharge electrode system, the usual rectifier being omitted for the sake of simplicity. It is understood that in place of an alternating cursystem may be used in which case the current for operating the hammer system may be derived from any suitable low tensionsource.

I claim:-

1. In an electric 'precipitator comprising a a collecting electrode and a-discharge'electrode, means for striking the discharge electrode intermediate its ends to cause vibration thereof.

2. In anelectric precipitator comprising collecting electrodes and discharge electrodes, means for striking the discharge elec- 3o trodes intermediate their ends to cause vibration thereof.

3. Inanelectric preci itatoi comprising a'collecting electrode,

an'electric connection to saiddischarge elec- 35,,

a ischarge' electrode,

trode, means constructed and arranged to jar thedischarge electrode and means for operating said jarring means through the a'genc of said electric connection. 4. n

a device for jarring operating said agencly of the an electric precipitator comprising a. collecting electrode, ha. discharge electrode,

. i e electrically connected with the. dischar -electrode and electrically separated from t e collecting electrode-and electrical means for collecting electrodes operating the jarring device.

- 5. In an electric precipitator comprising collecting electrodes and discharge electrodes, means constructed and arrangedito jar the discharge electrodes and means for jarring means through the discharge electrodes. an electric precipitator comprising collecting electrodes and discharge 'electrodes, hammers supported in 'position to strike the discharge felectrodes'and meanshammers through the:

foroperating -the of the discharge electrodes agencf ,7. n an electric precipitator comprising 'collecting electrodes and dischar e electrodes, hammers for striking f the discharge e electrodes, a system of hammers movably to strike discharge electrode strike the discharge -netic means so ported 'moving thesai system,means for connectelectrodes to'the electromagfor selectively insulating electrodes, ried by the "discharge electrodes and means for operating the hammers through the agemiy of the discharge electrodes. p

8. 11 an electric precipitator comprising collecting trodes, a frame connected with the discharge electrodes, a system of hammers movably mounted on the said frame and adapted to strike the discharge electrodes, andmeans for moving the said system through the agency of "the discharge electrodes.

a support for the hanimers carelectrodes and discharge elec- 9. In an electric precipitator comprising mounted on the said frame and adapted to strike the discharge electrodes, electro-magnetic means mounted on said frame for moving the said. sy' tem and means for operating the said 'electro-magnetic means through the agency of the electrodes. 11. In an electric precipitator comprising collecting electrodes and discharge electrodes, aframe connected with the dischar mounted. on the said frame and adapted the discharge electrodes, electro-magnetic means supported by said frame for moving the said system and means whereby,

at the will of the operator, the discharge electrodes may charged or the electromagnetic means may be operated to move the said system.

12. In an electric precipitator comprising and discharge electrodes, a frame connected with the discharge electrodes, a system of hammers movab y mounted on the said frameand adapted to by said ing two of the netic means, means the said two discharge electrodes relatively to each other and means for connecting the said two electrodes to a current supply when electrodes, electro-magframe for testimony whereof I aflix my signature. i

the? are relatively insulated.

ARQ IBALD EJMESTON,

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