US1335102A - Apparatus for producing irregular surfaces by attrition - Google Patents

Description

n. c. FISHER. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING IRREGULAR SURFACES BY ATTRITION,

" Pamnted Mar. 30, 1920.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4; 1915.

n. c. FISHER. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING IRREGULAR SURFACES'BY ATTRITION.

I APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4| I915.

Patented Mar.

30, 1920. SHEET 2.

2 SHEETS- DANIEL C. FISHER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING IRREGULAR SURFACES BY ATTRITION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 30, 1920.

Application filed March 4, 1915. Serial No. 12,007.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL C. FISHER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Apparatus for Producing Irregular Surfaces by Attrition, of which duced upon a surface of lesser area which surface may overlap to greater or lesser degree the first produced surface. Themethod and apparatus hereinafter described provides for shifting the article in a curved path between the steps of preliminary finishing and the secondary finishing, all as" will be more fully hereinafter explained.

In the accompanying drawings I illustrate a preferred embodiment of my im provements in mechanism for carrying out the method of producing or finishing flat,;

concave or convex surfaces by attrition. Of said drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my. pre-.

cision mechanism.-

Fig. 2 is an elevation from the right of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the middle portion of the machine'shown in Fig. 1, on

a larger scale, and with the fixtures or tools which. support and act upon the articles, adjusted laterally from the position shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 represents a section on line 4;4 of

- Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a detail .plan view of the hand control lever, other parts being shown in section.

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view of the wrist pin mounting.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the key employed for adjusting.

' Fig. 8 is a front elevation of parts shown at the lower portion of Fig. 1', on. a larger scale.

Fig. 9 represents a section on line 9--=-9 of Fig. 1, on a larger scale.

Fig. 10 represents a section on line 10-10 of Fig. 2. on a larger scale. I

Similar reference I characters similar parts in the different views.

The frame 12 of the machine is shown in the drawings as consisting of a fiat vertically supported standard. but it is to be un derstood at the outset that I do not limit myself to an arrangement or use of the machine or mechanism in the generally vertical position shown in the drawings. For instance. obviously. the frame 12 and the spindles hereinafter described might be arranged horizontally.

I At the upper end of the frame is a journal or hearing 13. Near the lower end of the frame 12 is an aperture 14 (Fig. 9) in which is mounted a sleeve bearing 15. Mounted in sleeve bearing 15 is a sleeve 16 indicate to the inner end of which is secured a plate 16 having ways fora slide 17 as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 8. The bore of sleeve 16 provides a bearing 18 for a shaft 19 having a bevel gear 20 at one end.

Suitably secured tothe sleeve 16 is a hub of a lever 21, a collar 22 being employed to hold the lever in position lengthwise of the Upon the end of the sleeve out- I side of the collar 22 is secured a bevel.

sleeve.

gear 23.

A vertical shaft 24 sometimes hereinafter referred to asthe central power shaft, is

mounted'in bearings 25, 26 carried by brackets secured to the frame12, said shaft having a bevel gear 27 near its lower end to mesh with the bevel gear 23. The bevel gear 27 may be secured directly to the shaft '24,but preferably it is carried by a sleeve splined upon said shaft as hereinafter explained.

At a point about midwayof the length of the frame 12 is secured a bracket 29 having a bearing for a short horizontalshaft 30 carrying a Worm gear 31 the face of which is provided with a slotted rib or-guide 32. (Figs. 1,2 and 6). :A worm 36 carried by the vertical shaft 21 meshes with the worm gear 31.' The end 37 of the lever 21 has a stud 38 provided with an aperture through which passes a link or rod 34:, the position of the stud 38 lengthwise of the link 34 being secured and held by means of a thumb screw 39. The other end of the link 34 is mountedupon a bushing {10 which in turn is mounted upon a wrist pin 11 having a head at its inner end shdable along the slotof the rib 32. By means of a washer 4:2 and a wing nut -13, the wrist pin and upper horizontal shaft 48. O the shaft 418 is mounted a quill 419 having bevel gears 50, 51, a lever 52 pivoted at having a fork or yoke 54: engaging said quill which is, of course splined to the shaft 18, so'that the shaft 2i may be rotated in one direction or the other by simply shifting the gears 50. :31. The shaft 18 is provided with fast and loose pulleys 55, 56, held on said shaft by a collar 57. The other end of the shaft lS'is provided with a bevel gear 58.

The upper end of the frame 12. or a portion of the bracket bearing 17. forms a swivel or pivotal bearing 59 for a plate 60 which lies against one face of the upper portion of the frame 12 and is provided with are slots 61, 62 (Fig. 1) through which binding screws 63 pass into the frame whereby the plate may be swung to any desired angular position and secured with the parts carried by said plate rigidly held in laterally adjusted position such as indicated by comparing Figs. 1 and 3.

The plate 60 is provided with a vertical groove or slot 64: of considerable length, said slot preferably terminating at the points 65, 66 shown in Fig. 2.

A bracket 67 secured-to the upper portion of the plate 60 provides a bearing for. a sleeve having abevel gear 68 meshing with the bevel gear 58, a collar 69 holding said sleeve in proper position lengthwise of the bearing. Said sleeve and the gear 68 carried by it have a splined connection with the upper spindle 70 which is provided with a groove 71 for such splined connection. A bracket 72 which is adjustably carriedby tho plate. 60 is connected to a clamping plate or nut 73 (Fig. 9) by means of a bolt 74. The plate 73 fits the groove or slot 64 in the plate 60 and by means of the bolt 74 is caused to bind on portions of the walls of said slot, so that said bracket 72 and the upper spindle can be vertically adjusted and confined. It may be explained at this point that in the operation of the machine it isfrequently desirable that the upper spindle 70 shall be capable of considerable. vertical adjustment. :'While the upper hearing provided by bracket 67 may properly remain in the position indicated in 2, it is desirable that the bearing provided by the lower bracket 72 may be shifted well down when the spindle 70 is lowered.

As shown at the upper end of Fig. 9, a bushing 75 is screw threaded in a. vertical aperture in the bracket 72. A collar 76 is adjustably secured to the spindle 7 0 above the bracket 72 (Fig. 2). The bushing 75 is provided with radial pins or handles '77 by means of which it may be rotated, the posi tion in which it is rotated being then held by means of a set screw 78.

A lever 80, Figs. 1 and 5, is pivotally connected to a link 86 which in turn is pivotally connected to a bracket 87 carried by the frame 12. The lever 80 has a ring shaped portion surrounding the spindle 70 and having studs 81 which engage a collar 82 loosely mounted upon the spindle 70 between collars 81, 83 which are secured to said spindle.

Referring to Fig. 8 it will be seen that the slide 17 is provided with a scale 89 adapted to coiiperate as hereinafter described with a suitable indicating point.

-The upper end of the slide 17 carries a bracket 90 (Fig. 9) in which is screw threaded a bushing 91 in which is mounted the upper end of the lower spindle 92, said spindle having a vertical groove for. .a

feather 93 carried by a bevel gear 94: mesh I ing with bevel gear 20 and mounted in a. bearing 95 carried by a bracketattached to the plate '16.

A structure which will be referred to as the table 96 is carried by the upper end of the lower spindle 92, said table having a tongue or ear 101 (Fig. 9) entering'a recess provided in a fork 97 having a stem 98 fitting a socket in the upper end of spin dle 92. A washer 99 is mounted upon the spindle 92 above the bushing 91. By means of a clamp screw 102, the table 96 may be adjusted in more or less tilted position, the ear 101 of said table having graduations 101 to co-act with a suitable indication on the fork 97 as indicated in Fig. 8 to designate the angle or tilt.

The table 96 is recessed to receive the lower portion 107 of a holder having its upper surface 108 provided with a rib 109 within which is a cavity 1'10. A gib against which set screws 106 bear, serves'to secure the holder 107 in the desired adjusted position longitudinally of the recess in the table 96. A terminal or work holder 113 has a stem 111 fitting an aperture in the holder 107, a screw 112 (Fig. 8) passing through one end of the holder 107 and bean ing against the stem 111 to hold the fixture 113 in position.

As has been mentioned, the shaft 24 carries a bevel gear 27 near its lower end to mesh with the bevel gear 23. If there were only the bevel gear 27, the lower spindle 92, through the lower horizontal shaft and gearing, could be driven in but one direction when the shaft 24 is rotated in one direction. Preferably, however, in order that said lower spindle 92 may be rotated in either direction without changing the direction of rotation of shaft 24, I provide another bevel gear 114 (Fig. 2 said pinion as well as the pinion 27 being carried by asleeve 115 having a set screw 116 or other suitable means whereby either the pinion 27 or theplmon 114 may be operat-ively in mesh with the pinion 23. The upper spindle 70 has a chuck 117 at its lower end (Figs. 1, 2 and 9), said chuck having a stem 118 fitting and adapted to be suitably secured in a recess in the lower end of said spindle. In thebottom of the recess or socket 119 of the chuck is a spring 120. The lower end of the socket in the chuck is screw-threaded to engage the threaded portion 121 of a sleeve 123 having a flange 125 at its bottom.- An inner sleeve 122 is held in the sleeve 123 by a suitably connected collar '124, said inner sleeve having a flange 126.

A-steady pin 127 extends from the flange 125 into the flange 126. A screw 128 passes through the wall of the 'cl 117 and presses against a'preferably recessed portion of the outer sleeve 123 to hold the latter in any position of adjustment which has been given thereto. A screw 130 passes through the flange 126 and presses against the stem of a terminal 131 which may be referred to as the working tool. The spring 120 nor mally holds the sleeve 122 with the collar 124 bearing on the upper end of the adjusting sleeve 123. The, spring 120, however, permits the sleeve 122 and'the tool 131 to yield so that the tool will bear with a yield ing pressure upon the work. By loosening the screw 128 and rotating bushing 123 so as to lower it from the position .shown in Fig. 9, the pressure of the spring 120 may be reduced. This structure provides for varying the yielding pressure of the tool 131 upon the work carried by the fixture 113.

A collar 132 (Figs. 1, 2 and 9)v loose on spindle 7 O rests upon the upper end of bushing 75, said collar 132 being provided toarrest'the collar 76 when the upper spindle 70 is lowered by means of thelever 80. Ofcourse, during operation the spindle 70 isusually rotating and consequently ,the-collar 76 also rotates. The loose collar 132, serves to prevent the collar 76'from bearing -di-' rectly upon the screw bushing 75.

To counterbalaficethe lever'80, a weight When the, machine is used in vertical posi tion, it issometimes desirable to have it adslide 17 has rack teeth 145 in one edge. The

way strips 146, 147 are secured to the slide 17 by screws 148, one of said strips having a hole 149 through which a key 150 7) may be inserted, said key having one end provided with teeth to constitute a pinion so that when the key is inserted through the hole 149 and engaged with the rack teeth 145, the slide 17 maybe vertically adjusted, the position of adjustment being then held by means of the screws 148 which are tightened to cause the strips 146, 147 to bind the slide 17.

\Vhen the machine is in operation and the lower spindle 92 is being oscillated through the gearing and the connections including the lever 21, and link31, the radius of movement of the article that is supported by the fixture 113 will be according to the distance, of said article from the axis of oscillation of the sleeve 16. Assun'ling. for the sake of explanation, that the article is a sphere, and

that the tool 131 is any kind of attrition de-.

vice, the radius of the curve of the surface produced or finished upon the article will be more or less according to the height of the article above said axis of oscillation of the sleeve 16. If the radius is to be less, the lower spindle 92 is lowered by lowering the slide 17, or said slide lnay be raised if the' radius is to'be greater. The upper spindle is, of course, vertically adjusted by means of the bolt 74 and plate 73 to accord with the the plate {60, the'upper spindle 70 maybe shifted to -be more or less oblique as indi- 'cated by comparing Figs. 1 and and by adjusting the connections between the'lever 21 and the link rod 34, the oscillations of the lower spindle may occur either crossing a vertical line or more or less to one side of a vertical line. The amount or degree of oscillation isadjusted by means of the radial at 'tachment provided, in the worm gear 31.

137 (Fig. 2) is employed, said weight being In brief, the .two spindles may operate while in alinement, or with either one of them more or less out ofaline ment or oblique'relatiyely to theother.

The tool employed maybe either a grindingor a polishing tool or a cutting tool, and

oscillating the lower spindle and having the article carried by that spindle, the surface will be convex. By then adjusting the supports for the lower spindle in the manner described so that the oscillations will take place at one side of the line of alinement with the upper spindle, the two spindles being adjusted in the direction of their length to vary the radius, then, a lesser portion of the area previously formed or finished may be operated upon to produce a surface having a curvature varying from the curvature of the first formed surface.

It will be seen that the working attrition face of the working tool 131 is opposed to the work-supporting face of thework-holder 113, and is in a predetermined plane with relation to the center on which the axis of v the rotary work-holder swings, so that various surface forms may be developed on the article supported by the Work-holder, by successively locating the axis of the workholder substantially perpendicular to the' plane of said acting face, and in a position inclined relatively to said plane, It will also be seen that the axis of the work-holder may be held in'each position for a considerable period, or may be continuously oscillated during the entire working period.

Having now/described my invention and one way of carrying the same into practice, although without attempting to illustrate or describeall possible modifications or different modes of use, what I claim is:

1. A machine of the character stated, comprising a supporting frame, a tool spindle, a.

work spindle, independent bearings for said spindles, means connecting one of said bearings with the frame, said means being oscil-v latable on a fixed center and permittinga sliding movement of the bearing toward and from said center, to oscillate the accompanying spindle and vary the distance of its working end from its centen of oscillation, the other bearing "being suitably connected with the framefmeans for longitudinally adjusting the other spindle in its bearing to conform its working end to the working end of the oscillatory spindle, and mechanismfor simultaneously rotating said spindles and oscillating the first-mentioned bearing and its spindle.

2. A machine of thecharacte'r stated, comprising a supporting frame, a tool spindle,

a work spindle, independent bearings for said spindles, one of 's'aid bearings being provided with a slide. a guide for said slide oscillatable on a fixed center on the frame, the bearing and its spindle being oscillatable with the guide, and the spindle being movable endwise with the slide, the other bearing being suitably connected with the frame, means for longitudinally adjusting the other spindle in its hearings to conform-its working end to the working end. of the oscillatory spindle, and mechanism for simultaneously rotating said spindles and oscillating the justing the other spindle in its bearing to conform its working end to the working end of the oscillatory spindle, and mechanism for simultaneously rotating said spindles and oscillating the first-mentionedbearing and its spindle, said mechanism including selective means whereby the spindle which does not oscillate may be rotated in either direction.

4. A machine of the character stated, comprising a supporting frame, a tool spindle, a work spindle, independent bearings for said spindles, means connecting one of said bearings with the frame, said means being oscillatable on a fixed center and permitting a slidingmovement of the bearing toward and from said center, to oscillate the accompanying spindle, and vary the distance of its working end from its center of oscillation, the other bearing being suitably connected with the frame, means for longitudinally adjusting the other spindle in its bearing to conform its working end to the working end of the oscillatory spindle, and mechanism for simultaneously rotating said spindies and oscillating the first-mentioned bearing' and its spindle, said mechanism including selective means whereby each spindle may be rotated in either direction.

A machine of the character stated, comprising a supporting frame, a tool spindle,

- ward and from said center, to oscillate the accompanying spindle, and vary the distance of its workingend from its center of I oscillation, the other bearing being suitably connected with the frame, means for longisaid spindles, means connecting one of said bearings with the frame, saidmeans being oscillatable on a fixed center and permitting a sliding movement of the bearing towar and from said center, to oscillate the accompanying spindle and vary vthe distance of its working end fromits center of oscillation, the other bearing being suitably connected withthe frame, means for longitudinally adjusting the other spindle in its bearing to conform its working end to the working end of the oscillatory spindle, and mechanism for simultaneously rotating said spindles and oscillating the first-mentioned bearing and its spindle, said spindles being provided at their adjacent ends with working terminals one of which is a work holder and the other a tool holder.

7. A machine of the character stated, comprising a supporting frame, a work spindle, independent bearings for said spindles, means connecting one of said bearings with the frame, oscillatable on a fixed center and permitting a sliding movement of the bearing. toward and from said center, to oscillate the ac companyingspindle and vary the distance of its working end from its center of oscillation, the other bearing being suitablyconnected-withthe frame, means for longitudinally adjusting the, other spindle in its hearing to-conform its working end to the working end ofthe oscillatory spindle, and mechanism for simultaneously rotating said spindles and oscillat' the first-mentioned bearing and its spin 1e, said spindles being provided with duplicate terminal-engaging means'at their adjacent ends, adapted toengage interchangeable terminals, one of which is a work holder, and the holder.

'8. A machine of the character stated, comprising a rotary tool spindle, having a working'tool with its acting face which is transverse to the axis of rotation of face which is opposed to the acting face and bearings thereon for said spindles,'the bearings of one or .both of the-spindles-being pivotally connected with the, provided with'means for' maintaining the a tool spindle,

said means being other a tool spindles, said power shaft, torque-transmitting mechanism the spindle, a rotary work spin'dlehaving a work-holder with a work-supporting of the tool and is transverse'to the axis of. the work spindle, supporting mechanism including a frameframe and;

- movable.

spindles in substantial'alinement with each other and for inclining one sp1ndle relatively to the other, and driving mechanism including means for oscillating one of said spindles while the same is rotating. 9. A machine of the character stated, comprising a rotary tool spindle, having a working tool with an acting face, Whlch 1s transverse to the axis of rotation of the spindle, a rotary work spindle having a rotary work-holder with a work-supporting face which is opposed to the acting face of the tool and is transverse to the axis of the work spindle, supporting mechanism including a frame and bearings thereon for said spindles, said mechanism including spindles, said means including a central power shaft, torque-transmittmg mechanism connecting said spindles with said shaft, a worm on said shaft, a Worm gear meshing with said worm and provided with a guide, a pitman adjustably engaged with said guide, and a lever ad ustably connected with said pitma-n and oscillatable thereby, said lever being connected with said oscillatory support to oscillate the latter.

11. In combination, a rotatable blankcarrying spindle, a rotatable'tool-carrying spindle, an oscillatory support for one of said spindles, and means for rotating both spindles, said means including a central power shaft, torque-transmitting mechanism connecting said spindles with said shaft, and connections between said shaft and oscillatory support for oscillating the latter.

12. In combination, a rotatable blankcarrying spindle, a-rotatable tool-carrying said spindles,-

means. including a central connecting said spindles with said shaft, a worm onv said shaft, a worm gearin meshing with said worm and provided wit a guide, a pitman adjustably engaged with said guide, a lever adjustably connected with said pit'man. and oscillatable thereby, and an oscillatory sleeve secured to said 1ever and rovided with a guide on which said 'osci atorysupport is longitudinally 13. In combination, a rotatable blankcarrying spindle, a rotatable tool-carrying spindle, an oscillatory support for one of said spindles, and means for rotating both spindles, said means including a central power shaft, torque-transmitting mechanism connecting said spindles with said shaft, and connections between said shaft and oscillatory support for oscillating the latter, said torque-transmitting mechanism having means for rotating one or both of said spindles in either direction.

ll. In combination, a rotatable blankcarrying spindle, a rotatable toolcarrying spindle, an oscillatory supportfor one of said spindles, and means for rotating both spindles, said means including a central power shaft, torque-transmitting mechanism connecting said spindles with said shaft, an oscillatory sleeve provided with a guide on which said oscillatory support is longitudinally movable, and connections between said shaft and sleeve for oscillating the latter, said support being graduated to detern line the radial diameter of the curvature of the Work being performed.

15, In combination, a rotatable blankcarrying spindle, a rotatable tool-carrying spindle, an oscillatory support for one of said spindles, and means for rotating both spindles, said means including a central power shaft,torque-transmitting mechanism connecting said spindles with said shaft, an oscillatory sleeve provided with a guide on which said oscillatory support is longitudi-- nally movable, and connections between said shaft and sleeve for oscillating the latter, said support having rack teeth adapted to engage a manually operable gear lever for the adjustment of the support.

.15. In coinhinat-ion, a rotatable blankcarrying spindle, a rotatable tool-carrying v spindle, an oscillatory support for one of the spindles, an adjustable support for the other of the spindles for holding said other spindle in positions at Tarying angles with respect to the axis of the first spindle, means tion, means for axially adjusting both spin- I dles, means for rotating both spindles, and means for oscillating the oscillatory support for one of the spindles, and means for accurate adjustment of said oscillating spindle. In testimony whereof I have ailixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

DA NIEL C. FISHER. Witnesses:'

A. K-Hsnmson, Many A. FISHER.

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