US1334160A

US1334160A - Continuous electrical mechanical filter

Info

Publication number: US1334160A
Application number: US218792A
Authority: US
Inventors: Archibald F Meston
Original assignee: Research Corp
Current assignee: Research Corp
Priority date: 1918-02-23
Filing date: 1918-02-23
Publication date: 1920-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 1937-03-16

Description

A. F. MESTON. CONTINUOUS ELEGTRICAL MECHANICAL FILTER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 23. I918.

Patented Mar. 16, 1920.

INS UL HTED i v grwe'moz MM 2 WI Gnome.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARCHIBALD F. MESTON; OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO RESEARCH CORPORATION,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK. I

CONTINUOUS ELECTRICAL MECHANICAL FILTER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AROHIBALD F. MEsToN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New Yorlghave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Continuous Electrical Mechanical Filters, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to method of and'means for removing from a liquid, solid matter held thereon in the form of colloidal or-other finely. divided suspended par ticles.

It is generally the object of the invention to provide a method of and means for continugusly filtering liquids.

To carry out this object 1 pass the liquid to be treated along a definite path, act on it during such passage to cause agglomeration of particles suspended therein and successively interpose filtering media in the path of movement.

The principle on which the invention is.

based, the purpose and the mode of operation will be more distinctly pointed out in connection with the description of the appended drawings, in ,which Figure 1 is a plan view of a device embodying the characteristic parts of the invention; I

Fig. 2 and 1 Fig.3 a wiringdiagram for the electric circuit u se'd in connection with it.

In Figs. 1 and 2, a box 1 serves as a support for the various elements comprising the filter apparatus. ()n this box l is mounted a wheel or drum 2 of a materlal wh ch is an electrical conductor and having a porous rim v3 through which the'Il-iqui'd to be filtered can readily pass. ,Th i sf wheel 2;.has lateral walls or, flan es et, toffpartly iiiclose the inner part: of the, wheel I 2 and pern it vheelltq, be submerged in'a liquid in'thebofii'toa con sid able dep h Q tameag. l quid p ai into the interior ,vli except through'the p i mavberigidly,mounted lorra sh a a H er -J yr f m e: slee -Hea see we lilg mate-n1 "rally ll 'aft d W a H a pear." Thisshaft f) may be h'ldi tandfi suitab ulo ated outside-t a side elevation partlyin sectionj;

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 1 a1, 16, 1920,

Application filed February 23, 1918. Serial No. 218,792.

tion. For turning, the shaft connection may be made through pulleys 9 and 10 and belt 11 to a motor 12 which I prefer for special reasons to be a Variable speed motor.

Over the wheel or drum 2 passes an endless belt 14, preferably of fibrous material or other material pervious to the liquid to be treated, but so constituted as to act as a filter toward particles suspended in the liquid, if such particles are not in an extreme degree of dispersion.

This endless belt travels over a'pulley 15 having flanges 16 to keep the belt in alinement. Intermediate the Wheel 2 and the pulley 15, the belt 14 passes between rolls 17 and 18. The roll 18 can be pressed against the belt 14 by means of springs or weights (not shown) and made to act as an idler pulley to hold the belt taut. Under the action of the rolls 17 and 18. the belt is squeezed as it passe; therebetween and the excess fluid is removed.

A pipe 19 terminating in a nozzlev 20 is sov disposed as to deliver acleaning fluid as steam, water or oil upon the belt. The diS-Q position of the rolls 17 and 18 and of the nozzle 20 is preferably such as shown, that the cleaning fluid delivered upon the belt and the fluid squeezed out from the belt are collected in a special compartment 21. This compartment may be convenientlyfforl ned by a ,pa1tition'22in box l, i

The liquid which has passed through the belt 14 and theporous wall of wheel 2 into theinterior {of the wheelmay be removed-1n. any suitable manner as by negative pressure. For this purpose a pipe 23 may be extended through the aperture formed by onejof'thfe flanges" 4 and closeto th'e'bottomjo' f the drum 2. 'Since the spokes "6 are centrally located,

h p r 2 does otinterfe e w th. big era tio ri of: th'ejd i 1 2" and 25 iiiayi b jp i ided nLt abQX 1afor the electrode 27 may be connected to a supply of the liquid to be filtered.

The duct 29 is supported on a rod 30 of insulating material to which it is connected by coupling 31 or in any other suitable way. At its upper end the rod 30 is connected to a plunger 32 extending into a solenoid 33. In order to balance the weight of the plunger 32, rod 30, duct 29 and electrode 27, a counter-balance 34 may be attached to one end of a lever 35, the other end of which is attached through a pivoted link 35' to the plunger 32. An upright 36, which may be secured to the box 1, is used to support the solenoid 33 by means of arms 37 and arms 38 may be attached thereto for guiding the rod 30 and the plunger 32. The upper end of the upright 36 carries a lug 39 to pivotally support lever 35 and act as a fulcrum therefor.

Fig. 3 shows the electrical connections that permit of nearly automatic control of the electrical circuit.

An alternating current generator 40 furnishes current to a circuit including the primary of a transformer 41. the motor 12 and the solenoid 33. The secondary 42 of the transformer has one pole connected to the electrode 27 and the other to the Wheel 2. The connections maybe made in any suitable way. As shown, the Wire 44 is joined to the duct 29 which may be of electrical conducting material and the wire 45 makes connection to the shaft 5 through a binding post 46 and a contact arm 47 bearing on the shaft 5.

A resistance 48 may be connected in series with the motor and a resistance 49 in parallel therewith to admit of an adjust-' ment and regulation of the motor load relatively to the transformer load. The motor system is preferably so designed that the motor speed increases when the current of the circuit increases.

electric stress within the liquid between the two electrodes, of such intensity that there tends to be a migration and agglomeration of the suspended particles in the liquid.

The potential difference between the elec-- trode 27 and wheel 2 is kept below the point where disruptive discharge can take place, although the lining up of the suspended particles between the electrodes tends to cause short circuits and disruptive discharges. However, the moving of the belt draws out these chains of agglomerated particles and diminishes this tendency. Because of the movement of the liquid toward and through the belt and additionally because of the electric act-ion, suspended particles are carried to the surface of the belt which intercepts the path between the electrodes. Thoseparticles that have agglomerated will be mechanically filtered out. Other particles will be-stopped by the belt because of the electric charges upon them or upon the belt and the resultant attraction between belt and particles. The liquid passes through the belt and the porous wall of the wheel 2 and is carried away through the pipe 23 which may be connected to a syphon, pump or the like.

The movement of the filter performs two functions: It tends to break up the path of agglomerated particles that might settle between the two electrodes and join them and it affords a convenient means for cleaning the filter without interrupting the operation.

The filtering process is kept substantially uniform through the use of the solenoid 33. When the current passing between the electrodes increases, the solenoid action increases and the plunger 32 is drawn farther into it. The rod 30 is thereby lowered correspondingly and with it the electrode 27. This action is entirelyautomatic.

The uniformity of the filtering process is additionally promoted by the character of the motor 12. By suitable design, the motor may be made to increase its speed as a function of the increase of the current flowing onthe motor circuit which is, of course, also a function of the transformer load current.

As the current passing between the electrodes increases, the motor speeds up in proportion and thereby compensates, of its own accord, for the change ofthe electrical condition between the electrodes.

It is understood that various changes can be made within the scope .of the above disclosure. The wheel andelectrode may be disposed horizontally. The device for cleaning the belt may assume different forms. The support for the electrode and the means for automatically operating it may be altered in many ways. The form of electrodemay be varied considerably and the means for passing the liquid to be filtered toward the filter may be carried out in different ways. What is shown and described is merely for the purpose ofvexplaining the principles on which the invention is. based and showing one way for carrying it out in practice. a

The filter above describedis not limited to any particular application, since it may be a liquid which consists in passing a liquid along a definite path, acting on the liquid during such movement to cause agglomeration of particles suspended therein and successively interposing filtering media in the path of movement.

2. The process of continuously filtering a liquid which consists in passing a liquid along a definite path, successively interposing filtering media in the path of movement and subjecting the liquid during the movement toward the filtering media to a field ofelectric stress.

3. The process of continuously filtering a liquid which consists in passing a liquid toward a filtering medium, impressing an electromotive force upon the liquid, removing the filtering medium, substituting another filtering medium therefor, cleaning the removed filtering medium, and bringing it back into filtering position.

4:. The process of continuously filtering a liquid which consists in passing a liquid toward a filtering medium, impressing an electromotive force upon the liquid, successively replacing one filtering medium by another, successively cleaning the filtering media as they are replaced and successively bringing them back into filtering position.

5. In apparatus for filtering liquids, the combination of means for defining a passage way for a liquid, means for passing a liquid through the passage way, filtering media and means for successively bringing the filtering media into filtering positionand means for acting upon the liquid during its passage to the filtering media to agglomerate particles suspended therein.

6. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of means for defining a passage way for a liquid, means tbr passing a liquid through the passage way, filtering media and means for successively interposing said filtering media in the path of the liquid and means for subjecting the liquid during its passage toward the filtering mediato a field of electric stress.

7. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of means for producing a field of electric stress, means for passing a liquid into said field, filtering means for successively positioning different filtering units in the said field transversely of the direction of stress, and means for successively cleaning said filtering units when they are out of said field.

8. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the

combination of means for producing a field of electric stress, means for passing a liquid into said field, an endless filtering medium pervious to the liquid but impervious to particles suspended therein, and means for moving said filtering m edium so that different portions thereof are successively positioned in the said field transversely of the direction of stress.

9. In an apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes and means for producing a field ofelectric stress therebetween, means for passing a liquid into said field in the direction of the lines of stress, filtering means and means for successively positioning different filtering units between said electrodes.

10. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the

combination of two electrodes and means for producing a field of electric stress therebetween, means for passing a liquid into said field in the direction of the lines of stress, an endless filtering medium and means for moving said filtering medium to successively position different portions thereof between the electrodes.

11. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, thecombination of two electrodes and means for producing a field of electric stress therebetween, one of said electrodes being hollow and having outlets directed toward the other electrode, means for passing a liquid through the hollow electrode toward the other elec trode, and a filter positioned intermediate the two electrodes.

12. In apparatus for-filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes and means for producing a field of electric stress therebetween, one of said electrodes being hollow and having outlets directed toward the other electrode, means for passing a liquid through the hollow electrode toward the other electrode, filtering means, and means for successively positioning different filtering units between the electrodes.

13. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes and means for producing a field of electric stress therebetween, one of said electrodes being hollow and having outlets directed toward the other electrode, means for passing a liquid through the hollow electrode toward the other electrode, an endless filtering medium, means for successively positioning different portions of the filtering medium between the electrodes. and means for successively cleaning portions of said filtering medium not so positioned.

14. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes and means for producing a field of electric stress therebetween, one of said electrodes being hollow and having a rotatable cylindrical porous rim, the other electrode being hollowand having outlets directed toward the first electrode, means for passing a liquid through said second electrode and said outlets, and filtering means surrounding the porous rim.

15. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes and means for producing a field of electric stress therebetween, one of said electrodes being a rotatably mounted drum having a porous rim, the other electrode being hollow and "having outlets directed toward said drum, means for passing a liquid through the hollow electrode and said outlets, and a filtering belt running over the said porous rim.

16. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of a drum having a porous rim of electrical conducting material, a hollow electrode substantially concentric with the said drum and having nozzles extending radially toward the drum, a movable filtering medium surrounding the porous rim, means for passng a liquid through the hollow electrode and said nozzles and means for connecting the porous rim and the hollow electrode to an electric circuit.

17. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of a rotatably mounted dru'm having a porous rim of electrical conducting material, a hollow electrode substantially concentric with the said drum and having nozzles extending radially toward the drum.

means for passing a liquid through the ho] low electrode and said nozzles, a filtering belt running over the porous rim, means for cleaning a portion of the belt ata distance from the drum and means for connecting the porous rim and the hollow electrode to an electric circuit.

18. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes and means for producing a field of electric stress there- 'between, filtering means, means for successively interposing different portions of said filtering means between the two electrodes, and means for keeping the stress adjacent said filtering means substantially constant.

19. In, apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes and means for producing a field ofelectric stress therebetween, filtering means, means for successively interposmg different portions of said filtering means between the two electrodes, and means for varying the distance between the electrodes to keep the stress adjacent said filtering means substantially constant.

20. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination'of two electrodes, a circuit for impressing an electromotive force upon the said electrodes, means for passing a liquid between the electrodes, a filtering medium between the electrodes, and means responsive to the current flowing in the circuit for adjusting the distance between the electrodes substantially in proportion tothe current.

21. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes, one being. mounted for motion relatively to the other, a circuit for impressing an electromotive force upon the said electrodes, means for passing a liquid between the two electrodes, a filtering medium between the electrodes, and means responsive to the current flowing in the circuit for moving the movable electrode toward and away from the other electrode when the current decreases and increases respect-ively.

22. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes, one of said electrodes being a rotatably' mounted drum having a porous rim, an electric circuit for impressing an electromotive force upon said electrodes, means for passing a liquid between the electrodes, a filtering medium surrounding the porous rim, means for rotating the drum and means for varying the speed of rotation in proportion to the current flowing in the circuit.

In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes mounted for motion toward and away from each other, one of said electrodes being a rotatably mounted drum having a porous rim, a filtering medium surrounding the porous rim, a circuit for impressing an electromotive force upon the electrodes, means for moving the movable electrode relatively to the other electrode in proportion to the current flowing in the circuit, means for rotating the drum, and means for varying the speed of rotation in proportion to the current flowing in the circuit.

24. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes, one of said electrodes being a rotatably mounted drum having a porous rim, a filtering medium surrounding the porous rim, means for impressing an electromotive force upon 'the said electrodes, means for passing a liquid between the electrodes, and means communicating with the interior of the drum for re moving; .1iquid while the drum is rotated.

25. In apparatus for filtering a liquid, the combination of two electrodes, one of said electrodes being a rotatably mounted drum having a porous rim, a filtering medium sur rounding the porous rim, means for impressing an electromotive force upon the said electrodes, means for passing a liquid between the electrodes, an opening in one side wall of the drum, and a tube extending through said opening into the interior of the drum for removing liquid while the drum is rotated.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ARCHIBALD r. MESTON.