US1332319A - Carbureter - Google Patents

Description

J..W. CARPENTER.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1918.

Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1- '1. w. CARPENTER.

CARBURETER. AFPILICATION FILED MAY 29. 1918.

0 w 2 I HITI 2 H 3 t. M H dun 5 m 6 t a P awve'ntoz wafer I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 2,1920.

Application filed Kay 28, 1918. Serial No. 287,252.

To all/whom it may concern Be it known that I, J ()HN W. CARPENTER,

a citizen of the'United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Columbiaand State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the followin is a .specification,- reference being had to t e accompanyingi drawings.

his invention relates to mechanism for regulatabl feeding fuel to'the carbureters of internal combustion engines, and particularly to that type of feedmg means wherein the fuel is primarily drawn into the feeding receptacle or container by means of a suction induced by the action of the engine.

in feeding mechanism of this character, one of the great difiiculties has been that if the feeding mechanism becomes in any Way lower than the fuel tank, the fuel flows by gravity into the primary receptacle or container. The main outlet from this container is closed by the action of the controlling float therein, and as a consequence, the vent valve being open, the liquid fuel is caused to flow out through the vent, thus flooding the car with gasolene and adding very greatly to the fire risk.

The primary object of this present invention is to provide a construction of this character wherein the flow of fuel from the fuel tank into the primary container or receptacle is automatically stopped when the float therein rises, thus positively prevent- 1n tai ner when the fuel therein has risen above a predetermined point.

A further object is to provide a construction of-this character wherein there is a primary container having communication with the suction pipe of the carbureter or the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine for the urpose of causing the feed of fuel from the uel tank to the primary container, and in which the primary container is provided with a vent pipe and with float controlled means adapted, when the float is raised, to close the inlet pipe from the fuel tank, close the communication between the primary container and the suction pipe of the carbureter, and open the vent pipe.

And a further object is to provide in con nection with the construction abovestated a container in communication with the carbureter and having therein a float and an intermediate chamber from which fuel flows into the last named container or chamber, I

any inlet of fuel to this primary conthis flow. of fuel being controlled by'the action of the float therein, and into which fuel flows from the primary container or chamber past a check valve.

Another object in this connection is to provide means whereby the valve which controls the flow of liquid from the intermediate chamber into the delivery chamber or container feedin fuel directly to the carbureter may be a usted with relation to the float therein without taking the mechanism apart. j

A further object is to provide improved means in the primary chamber for controlling automatically the feed valve, suction valve, and vent valve 'by the rise and fall of the float therein.

Still another object is to provide a mechanism of this character which is very simple in construction, may be readily taken apart and, therefore' readily kept clean.

' Other objects will appear in the course of the followin descript1on.

Figure 1 1s a vertical sectional view of a conventional form of carbureter and with a fuel feeding mechanism combined therewith;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of the feeding mechanism showing in section the feed controlling mechanism, this mechanism being shown in full lines in the position taken when the gasolene has reached a predetermined level in the chamber, and showing in dotted lines the position of the parts when the float has fallen due to the lowering of the level of liquid in the fuel chamber;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line H of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a similar section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view of the valve which controls the supply of gasolene to the reservoir chamber.

,Referring' to these drawings, it will be seen that I have illustrated aconventional form of carbureter which is provided with the usual mixing" chamber 5. with the main air inlet 6 at its lower end, and with an auxiliary air valve mechanism, the casing of which is designated 7 and which opens into the mixing chamber 5. Surrounding the mixing chamber is a chamber for hot water opens, this passage at its outer. end

-or other heating medium. Above the aspimy invention. The body of the carbureter has a laterally projecting extension 8 formed adjacent its lower end, which is of circular form in plane, and has a concave upper surface upon which the duct or passage 9 communicating with the aspirator nozzle of the carbureter, as is usual;

Upon a suitable packing gasket 10 arranged within theflanged marginal edge of the lateral extension 8 on the carbureter body, is seated the cylindrical wall 11 of a fuel deliver chamber a. This chamber wall is preferab y of glass or other transparent material. 12 designates the bottom of a gasolene reservoir 6, which is formed with an annular groove or channel indicated at 13 to receive a packing gasket 14. The upper edge of the wall 11 bears upon said gasket. The base member 12 of the reservoir. isalso provided with an upwardly extend ing annular flange within which a second gasket 16 is disposed, andupon. which rests the lower end of a cylindrical transparent wall 17. A cage is fixed at one of its ends centrally in the base 12 and extends downwardly into the fuel delivery float chamber. The bottom 12 is centrally'perforated, at 19, to provide a suitable seat for the head of a valve 20 movable in said sleeve. A collar 21 has threaded engagement upon the stem 20* of the valve and is provided with oppositely projecting arms 22 projecting through slots 23 formed in the cage 18. The lower end of this cage 18 has a central opening therein through which the valve stem extends, and a shoulder 24on the valve stem limits the downward movement of said stem. The float 27 is mounted upon and carried by the laterally projectin pins 22 so that as the float moves vertical y, the collar 21 and the valve stem 20, with the valve thereon, will also move vertically. The

lower end of the cage is. provided with openings 25 in its bottom and also with an open"- ing 26 in its side through which the gasolene may flow freely into the float chamber 11. It will be obvious that with the construction above described that the downward movement of the float 27 will cause the opening of the valve 20, and an upward movement of the float will cause the closing of the valve,-and it will further be obvious that a rotation of the valve stem 20* and the collar 21 will adjust the valve relative to the float, thus regulating the height of liquid within the chamber. 11, which will be necessary in order to cut ofl communication be tween the reservoir 72.

Within the reservoir 6, whose wall is also means of coil springs 48.

referably of glass, there is disposed a gasoene receiving chamber 0, whose wall 28 is 7 provided upon its upper end with an outwardly projecting annular flange between which and the upper edge of the wall 17 a gasket indicated at 29 is arranged. 'This flange atthe upper end of the gasolene chamber fits within a cap orl cover member 30 and u on apackin gasket 31 arranged within t e marginal ange of said cover. The bottom wall of the fuel receiving chamber c is provided with an outlet indicated at 82 and an outwardly springing check' valve 33 normally closes the outlet. The openin movement of this valve is limited by the ead of a pin or stud 34. 35 designates the gasolene supply connection to the cap or. cover 30, 36 a pipe connection between said cap and the upper end portion of the mixing chamber of the'carureter, and 37 the vent pipe or tube, which is connected to the cap or cover by the coupling 38. This cap is further provided with a central priming opening and a closure plug 39 therefor.

Depending from the cap 30' are the cars- 40, and extending transversely through these cars is a rod whlch is angularly bent downward at one end, then extends to a oint between the ears and below them, an then extends centrally downward and is fixed in a spider at its lower end." This rod 41 constitutes a guide rod upon which the float 53 slides. Pivotally mounted on the fulcrum formed by the transversely extending portion of the rod 41 is a lever 42 which, at its free end, is formed with oppositely projecting arms or extensions 43. Also pivotally mounted upon the transversely extending portion of the guide rod 41 and between the cars is a valve carrying member 44 which is formed with a pair oflears at its middle extending on each side of the lever 42 and between the wars 40, and through which the transversely extending portion of the guide rod 41 passes. this member 44 is laterally extended, and one of these lateral extensions carries the stem of a suction valve 46 and the other carries the stem of the vent valve 47. These The free end of.

valve 46 will close against its valve seat and cut off communication through the pipe 36, while the same upward movement of the member 44 will cause the valve 47 to lift from its seat and open communication through the vent pipe 37. The downward movement of the member 44 will open the valve 46 and close the valve 47 The lateral extensions of the member 44 are connected to the lateral extensions 43 of the lever 42 by Depending from the cap 30 is an car 49 which projects below the ears 40 and is disposed on a line between said ears, and to the lower end of this ear 49 or bracket there is pivoted the lever 50 which extends longitudinally beneath the lever 42, though slightly to one side of the same, and extends slightly beyond the guide rod and is connected to the float 53 by means of a connecting link 51 pivoted to the lever and to the float. Adjacent its pivotal end, the lever 50 is connected to the lever 42 by means of a pivoted link 54 so the t when the lever 50 moves downward, the lever 42 will also move downward and vice versa. Extending from the side face of the lever 50 is a longitudinally disposed stop flange 55 which is upwardly curved at its end adjacent the pivoted lever, which acts as a limiting stop for the lever 42 when it moves downward. A second stop 56 projects from the bracket 49 and limits the upward move ment of the lever 42.

It will be noted from Fig. 2 that when the lever 42 is raised by the lifting of the lever 50, due to the action of the float 53, the ends of the springs 48 attached to the lateral prolongations of the lever 42 will also be raised, which will cause the member 44 to be raised, thus closing the valve 46 and opening the valve 47. Now if. the float falls, the lever 50 will fall and the link 54 will draw downward on the lever 42, thus shifting the attached ends of the spring downward until they have passed the axis of the lever 42, whereupon they will suddenly snap the free end of the member 44 downward, thus closing valve 47 and opening 46. It willthus be seen that it is only when the floathas raised to its full extent that the valve-carrying member 44 will be actuated or when the float has lowered to its full extent. Of course, the link 54 being pivoted permits the free end of the leier 42 to shiftdownward under the action of the springs 48 until it rests against the stop flange 55, and also permits the free end of the lever 42 to shift upward independently of the lever 50 until it is checked by the stop 56.; It will be obvious that with this construction the levers 50 and 42 move downward a predetermined distance before the member 44 is acted upon by the springs 48, and then after these levers have moved downward a-predetermined distance, these springs suddenly shift the member 44 and the same is true of the upward movement of the levers 42 and 50, due to the rise of the float.

In order to obviate the possibility of flooding the fuel receivin chamber 0, I provide means for automatically cutting off the supply of gasolene or other fuel to said chamber when the float 53 is in its upper position, as seen in Fig. 2. To this end, therefore, the fuel supply connection 35 is extended through the top plate or cover 30 and is formed with a valveseat 65. A rod or stem 66 is pivoted or otherwise loosely connected to the arm 42 and extends upwardly past the valve seat into the fuel inlet tube which constitutes a guide for said rod. The valve rod or stem is formed intermediate of its ends with a cone-shaped valve 67 for engagement with the valve seat 65. It will 'be'apparent from this construction that when the lever 42 is raised by the upward movement of the float 53' and reaches its uppermost position, the rod 66 is simultaneously lifted and the valve 67 engaged against the seat 65, thus cutting 016' a further supply of gasolene to. the chamber 0. When the float 53 drops to a lowered position due to the emptyin of the fuel in chamher a, the free end of t e arm 42 is lowered and the rod 66 will drop and the valve 67 move away from its seat, thus again admitting the gasolene to the chamber 28. It will thus be apparent that the gasolene in the chamber 28 can never rise above a predetermined level, as the supply is automatically out 01f upon a predetermined rise of the float 53.

With the needle valve 20 in its open position, the fuel will flow from the intermediate reservoir 6 into the delivery chamber. a, and the float 27 in this chamber will gradually rise. When the level of gasolene in the delivery chamber reaches a predeter-' mined point, said float, engaging the arms 22, forces the needle valve'upwardly to its closed position, and thereby cuts oil the further admission of the gasolene into the delivery chamber.

A nipple 57 is coupled to the depending boss surrounding-a central opening formed through the extension 8 on the carbureter body, said nipple being provided with a drain cock 58. A gland 59 is detachably threaded into the lower end of the nipple, and through said gland a rod 60 is rotatably engaged, said rod extending upwardly through the central opening in the extension 8. The upper end of this rod is flattened for engagement in a notch or recess formed in the lower end of the valve rod 21. By rotating the rod 60, the valve rod may also be rotated in the collar 21 and thus the valve stem 20 will be rotated within the collar 21, and as it has screw-threaded engagement with this collar, the valve and valve-stem 20 and 20 will be shifted relative to the float and to the arms 22. Thus, the .level of gasolene desired to be maintained within the chamber a may be regulated.

The arm or extension 8 on the carbureter body and the cap 30 are provided with apertured ears'or lugs on their marginal edges transparent walls of the gasolene collecting chamber and the reserve supply chambers as well as the several other parts of the device maybe rigidly clamped and held in their assembled positions against relative movement.

In order that fuel may ass from chamber 5 into chamber a, it is o viously necessary to provide an air Vent to permit the entrance and exit of air to and from the cylinder 1), and it is also obviously necessary to provide a like air vent for the chamber a. To this end, I provide 'a duct'61 opening through the cap.30 and which extends into the upper end of the'chamber b. This duct is relatively large, and passing through the duct is a vent pipe 62 which extends through I the bottom 12 of the chamber 5 and opens into the upper portion of the chamber a. Of course, these vents might be formed in any other manner.

he operation of this mechanism is as follows, it being understood that the pipe 36 might be connected to any portion of the duct leading from the carbureter to the cylinder of the engine, and that upon the suction stroke of the engine, a suction is created in the pipe 36 which tends, if the valve 46 be open, to withdraw air from the upper portion of the chamber 0. Assuming that the float 53 is lowered, due to there being but little fuel within the chamber 0, then it will be obvious that the lever 42 will be lowered, the member 44 will be lowered, thevalve 46 will be opened, the vent valve 47 will be closed, and the inlet valve 67 will be opened, and that thus the suction in the pipe 36 will cause a positive inflow of fuel through pipe 35 into the chamber a. The pressure of the fuel within the reservoir b will hold the valve 33 closed. The fuel will rise within the chamber 0 until such time as the'lever 42 is forced upward to a position to cause the valve 66 to operate the tioning of the carbureter will cause, of

course, the withdrawal of fuel from the delivery chamber a, and as the fuel is withdrawn from this chamber, the float 27 will fall,-opening the valve 20 and permitting fuel to pass through the chamber 7) into the chamber a until the float 27 can rise to cut 06 communication between thesechambers. Now if the liquid fuel within chamber 5 is reduced to such an extent that it reduces the pressure on the valve 33 below the pressure on the inner face of the valve, due to the column of liquid within the chamber 0, then this valve 33 will open and fuel will pass into the reservoir 6. Through the reservoir b, the fuel passes, as before explained into the delivery container or chamber a, and from thence into the nozzle of the-carbureter.

Attention is to be called to the importance of therelatively flexible connection: or link 54 between the lever 50' and the lever or arm 42. It will be noted that this link 54 is pivotally connected to the lever 50 and arm 42 so that the arm and lever may move into or out of a parallel relation. Upon a downward movement of the float, the valve 67 remainsclosed until the link 54 has straightened out by the downward pull of the lever 50. The swinging of the link 54 then pulls downward on arm 42 a'nd withdraws valve 67 from the seat 55. opens at this time, the valve 46 is not yet open. Therefore, there is no suction within the chamber 0 and the fuel does not flow freely, if at all, from the pipe 35 into the chamber 0. When the lever or arm 42 has moved past its'center, however, the springs 48 suddenly act to shift-both the member 42 and the member 44 down-ward into a While the valve 67 downwardly divergent relation, holding the to raise the lever or arm 42, thus shifting the valve 67 toward its seat, and then when the arm 42 passes its center, the springs 48 act to suddenly liftthe arm 42 and the member 44, thereby seating valve 67 and valve '46 and unseating valve 47. It will be seen,

therefore, that there is a yielding connection between the float and the member 42.

The various parts of the mechanism are easily accessible, and by providing the transparent body walls for the receiving and delivery chambers and the intermediate chamber 15, the-level of gasolene in these chambers can be observed at all times to ascertain whether or not the device is in proper working order. It will further be observed that the several operating parts are very'compactly arranged, so that it will occupy relatively little space, is light in weight, and canbe manufactured and successfully used upon the ordinary carbureter without materially increasing the cost of production.

ltw'ill be noted that the valve mechanism controlling the inlet of fuel to the receiving chamber and controlling the vent pipe and the pipe 36 operates quickly when the valves are tripped are not acted on by the valve actuating mechanism. n

While I have herein shown and described the preferred construction and relative arrangement of the several parts, it is to be understood that the device is susceptible of considerable modification therein and 1 accordingly reserve the privilege of adopting all such legitimate changes as may be fairly embodied within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

I claim 1. A fuel supply receptacle for carbureters, said receptacle having a fuel supply inlet, a suction pipe leading from the receptacle-and a vent pipe, and means for controlling the inlet of fuel comprising a valve for the suction pipe, a valve for the vent pipe, and a valve for the inlet pipe, a float disposed within the casin and mechanism actuated bythe float holding the vent valve closed and the suction and inlet valves open while the float is rising and until it reaches .a predetermined point and then suddenly.

closing said valves and simultaneously opening the vent valve and then act to hold the vent valve open and the suction and inlet valves closed while the float is descending to act suddenly upon the inlet and suction valves and close the vent valve when the float has lowered a predeterminedamount.

2. A fuel receptacle for internal combustion engines having a fuel supply inlet, a suction pipe leading therefrom and a vent pipe, and means for controlling the inlet of fuel comprising a valve for the suction pipe, a valve for the vent pipe, and a valve for the inlet pipe, a float disposed within the receptacle, oppositely disposed pivoted arms mounted within the receptacle, one of said arms being connected to the inlet valve, the other of said arms being connected to the vent valve andthe suction valve, the vent valve closing upon a movement of the arm in one direct on and the suction valve closing upon a movement of the arm in the other direction, the inlet supply valve also closing upon a movement of its arm in. the direction taken by the suction valve when it ing one of said arms, and a flexible connection between said means and the said arm. 3. A fuel receptacle for internal combustion engines having a fuel supply inlet,- a

y the rise or fall of the float, and that the tripping of these valves.

when the arms pass suction pipe leading therefrom and a vent ipe, and means for controlling the inlet of el comprising a valve forthe suction pipe, a valve for the vent pipe, and a valve for the inlet pipe, h float dis osed within the recept'acle, oppositely disposed pivoted arms mounted within the receptacle, one of said arms being connected to the inlet valve, the other of said arms being connected to the vent valve and the suction valve, the vent valve closing upon a movement of the arm in one direction and the suction valve closing upon a movement of the arm in the other direction, the inlet supply valve also closing upon a movement of its arm in the direction taken by the suction valve when it closes, a spring connecting the free ends of said arms and acting'when the arms pass their pivotal center to cause the arms to move rapidly toward each other, a vertically movable element disposed within the receptacle and connected. to the float and moving therewith, and-a link pivotally connected to said lever and one of said arms, said member havin means thereon for directly engaging sai arm upon an upward movement of the memher to permit it to raise the arm with'thelink folded. g

4. A fuel receptacle for internal combustion engines having a fuel supply inlet, a suction pipe leading therefrom and a vent pipe, and means for controlling the inlet of fuel, comprising a valve for the suction pipe, a valve for the vent pipe, and a valve for the inlet'pipe, a float disposedwithin the receptacle, oppositely ,disposed pivoted arms mounted within the receptacle, one of said arms being connected to the inlet valve, the other of said arms bein connected to the vent valve and the suctlon valve, the vent valve closing upon a movement of the arm in one directlon and the suction valve closing upon a movement of the arm in the other direction, the inlet supply valve also closing upon a movement of its arm in the direction taken by the suction valve when it closes,

upward movement of the arm under the action of the spring.

. 5. In combination with the carbureter of an internal combustion engine, of means for supplying fuel thereto comprising a receiving chamber, a delivery chamber, and a reservoir receiving fuel from the receiving w n the arms pass their her having a suction pipe entering the upper end of the carburetor and communicating with the mixing chamber thereof and also having a fuel inlet opening and a vent pipe, the vent pipe being disposed adjacent the entranceto the suction pipe, an up- I wardly closing'valve controlling discharge of fluid from the inlet pipe, an upwardly closing valve controlling passage through the suction pipe, a downwardly controlling valve controlling passage through the vent ipe, and means for coincidently closing the inlet valve and the suction valve andsimultaneously opening the vent valve or closing the vent valve and simultaneously opening the suction valve and inlet valve com rising a pairof oppositely directed arms aving a common pivot, one of said arms being operatively connected to the suction valveand vent valve and the other arm being operatively connected to the inlet valve,

springs connecting the free ends of said arms, a float disposed within the receiving chamber, a lever pivotally mounted within the receiving chamber and disposed below the arm connected to the inlet valve, the free end of said lever being operatively connected to the float to rise and fall therewith, a link' ivotally connecting said last named arm with the lever, the lever having a stop flange adapted to engage with said arm upon an upward movement of the lever when the link isfolded and the stop limiting the upward movement of said last named arm.

6. A fuel supply device for internal combustion engines comprising a base having an annular seat, a transparent, annular chamber wall mounted on said seat, a metallic member having marginal flanges resting upon the upper end of said wall, said metallic member constituting a container, a second annular, transparent Wall mounted upon the flanges of said container and extending upward therefrom, a cap resting upon the upper end of said wall, and means for urging the ca toward the base to thereby hold the walls in tight engagement with each other, a second container engaged with the top of the second named wall between it and the cap-and extending downward inside said wall and having in its bottom a duct discharging into the space between said container and the first named container, an

outwardly opening check valve disposed at the end of said duct, a float actuated valve controlling flow from said first named container into the chamber formed in the space below, a float disposed in the second named container, and means actuated by the float for controlling the delivery of liquid fuel into the second named container.

7. In a carbureter, a fuel collecting chamber a fuel delivery chamber, automatically operable means to periodically supply fuel from the collecting chamber to the delivery chamber, said means including a valve controlling. the admission of fuel to the deliverychamber and having a stem, a float in said chamber, means having a threaded connection with the valve stem for en 'ement by saidfloat when the fuel level $5163 a predetermined point to close the valve, :and

means operable from the exterior of the chamber to rotate the valve and adjustably position the float engaging mean sjthereon, said means having detachable engagement with the valve stem. 1

8. In a carbureter, a fuel collecting chamber, a fuel delivery chamber, automatically operable means to periodically supply fuel from the collecting chamber to the delivery chamber, said means including a valve having 'astem and controlling the admission of fuel to the reserve chamber, a float in said chamber, means having a threaded connection with the valve stem for engagement by said float when the fuel level reaches a predetermined point to close the valve, means to prevent rotation of the float engagmg means with the valve stem, and means operable from the exterior of said chamber to rotate the valve and stem and adjustably position the float engaging means thereon.

, 9. In a carbureber, a fuel collecting chamher, a fuel delivery chamber, automatically operable means to periodically supply fuel from the collecting chamber ro-the delivery chamber, said means including a valve and having astem and controlling the admission of fuel to the reserve delivery chamber, a float in said chamber, means having a threaded connection with the valve stem for engagement by said float when the fuel level reaches a predetermined point to close the valvefa common guide for the float engaging means and said float, said guide preventing rotation of the float engaging means with the valve, and means operable from the exterior of the chamber to rotate the valve and adjustably position the float en-

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