US1331422A

US1331422A - Glare-shield

Info

Publication number: US1331422A
Authority: US
Inventors: Donaldson John
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1916-01-26
Filing date: 1916-01-26
Publication date: 1920-02-17
Anticipated expiration: 1937-02-17

Description

1. DONALDSON. GLARE SHIELD. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 26. 1918.

1,331,422. Patented Feb. 17,1920.

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lV/WYESSES I m/yf/ymle Z5 M2950 Quad/diam J. DONALDSON.

GLARE SHIELD.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 26, l9l8.

Patented Feb. 17, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- KV/ 77%(555515 E5 60 J. DONALDSON. GLARE SHIELD. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 26.1918.

Patented Feb. 17,1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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tints Application filed January 26, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

, Be it known that I, JOHN DoNALnsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and sfiatate of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Glare- Shields; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others n slrilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to headlights such as used on motor propelled vehicles and street cars, and has for its object to provide an improved glare shield for preventing blinding 01? the drivers in oncoming cars.

, .l /lly invention provides a so-called glare shield which will intercept, dini, or cut oil those rays of light that would blind drivers go in oncoming cars, but will not interfere with nor dim, to any considerable extent, those rays that are properly projected on the roadbed in the line 01? travel ot the machine.

This so-called glare shield in some forms as oi my invention is incorporated in, or is made a part of the lens of the headlight, and in accordance with other fort-us of my in- -vention is made as a separate element to be associated with the lens, but preferably placed adjacent to the inner face thereof.

The elements or parts perform the function at a shield may be either translucent or opaque, but preferably they will be translucent so that they will dim the rays enough to prevent blinding, but permit a diffused mild spreading ot the light. Hence, the expression light dimming surface is herein used in a broad and liberal sense to include any kind of a surface that will en- .4 tirely, or in part, intercept the blinding rays.

In my improved glare shield the laterally spreading rays that would produce the chiei blinding effect are cut ofi or dimmed by a multiplicity of laterally spaced vertically 5 extends parallel, or a proximately par allel, so-called intercepting flanges which, however, do not interfere to any appreciable extent with the forward rejection of those rays ct light that are chie y effective to light so the road ahead of the machine. Between the intercepting flanges, the lens or other element of the shield has clear light passages. These clear light passages and the interceptin flanges may be given any desired vertica, extension, but preferably they are in the upper portion only, or above the horizontal of Patent.

Patented Bi ch. i'i,

Serial 150. 213,931.

plane that intersects the filament or light source of the headlight.

In the drawings of this application I have illustrated two forms of the glare shield; in one of which the glare shield is formed as a part of the lens itself, and in the other of which the glare shield is formed as an independent element adapted for application to the lens.

In the drawings, like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure l is a horizontal section taken anially through a headlight and showing the same provided with a lens designed in accordance with any invention;

Fig. 2 is a rear or inner face elevation of the lens shown in Fi 1; and

Fig, 3 is a perspective view showing a shield termed from a sheet cl. suitable material, such as celluloid or metal.

Describing first those illustrated in Figs. 1 and 92, the numeral lindicates a casing, the numeral 5, the reflector, the numeral 6, the light bulb, and num ral 7, the clamp ing rim 0:5 an ordinary headlight, such as used on automobiles, or other motor propelled vehicles.

The glass lens is indicated by the numeral 8. This lens above the horizontal plane of the axis of the headlight is formed with a multiplicity of laterally spaced vertical intercepting ribs 9 and between these ribs with clear light passages 10, Preferably the ribs 9 and the entire inner surface of the lens, except for the clear light passages 10 is frosted, sanded, or colored, or otherwise constructed so that it will dim all the light projected through the lens, except that which passes through the said clear light passages 10.

While the invention is not limited to the relative arrangement oi clear light passages and light dimming surfaces shown in Figs. 1 and 2, such an arrangement is, nevertheless, believed to be highly desirable because not only the laterally projected blinding rays will be intercepted or dimmed, but the rays comin from the lower portion of the reflector will also be dimmed in passing through the lower portion of the lens. Those rays that come from the upper portion of the reflector and are projected straight ahead or slightl toward one side or the other, will pass reely through the clear light passages 10 and will reach the road ahead of the machine where they are intercepting ribs 9 will intercept'some of these forwardly projected rays, but by making the said ribs as thin as possible, this may be reduced to a minimum. At any rate, actual use of the invention has demonstrated the fact beyond question that even with high power bulbs blinding efiects will be eliminated, and hence, that powerful light bulbs such as required to light the road ahead of the machine for a long distance may safely be employed. All experienced automobile drivers are well aware of the fact that there is very great danger in" drivin a machine at high," jis even moderate, spee on country roads without the use of powerful headlights which will light up the road far ahead of the machine. My invention makes possible the safe usage of powerful headlights.

The diverging dotted lines in Fig. 1 illustrate the fact that the laterally diverging rays from the headlight will be intercepted or dimmed. Of course, by varying the horizontal projection of theintercepting ribs, the extent to which the laterally diverging blinding rays are intercepted may be greatly varied 1t, of course, being understood that the farther the said ribs project rearward from the body of the lens, or glare shield,

the less will be the lateral divergence of the blinding rays.

In the preferred arrangement, the upper extremities of the clear light spaces 10 follow somewhat closely the curve of the upper portion of the lens, while the lower portions thereof follow somewhat closely the horizontal plane that contains the axis of the reflector. However, I find that I obtain the best result by bringing the-frosting from below the central clear light space 10 slightly above said plane, or substantially as shown in Fig. 2 so that they cut off more of the direct light rays than would be the case if the said central clearlight passages were extended farther downward.

Fig. 3 illustrates very much the same general arrangement of light passages and light dimming surfaces and intercepting flanges above described, but in this case the shield is formed from sheet material 11, such as celluloid, frosted on one side.

This shield has the laterally spaced vertically intercept-. ing flanges 12 formed by cutting vertical jection from the shield, when turned rearward, is limited by the width of the slots or clear light passages 13, but in making the shield from sheet metal, for example, it is not only feasible, but practicable, to form the flangesv independently of the shield and to attach them by solder, or otherwise, and in which case, of course, said flanges may be given any desired depth or projection from the shield. Also, informing the intercepting flanges as an integral part of the lens, they may be given as great projection as'the conditions of manufacture willmake possible. lVithin certain reasonable limits, the greater the projection the better.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with the reflector and light source of a headlight, of a glare shield positioned in front'of said light source and having a multiplicity of laterally spaced vertically extended intercepting flanges and intervening clear light passages, the mam body portion of said shield havinga light.

JOHN 'DONALDSON.

Witnesses:

' CLARA DEMAREST,

BERNICE G. BAUMANN.