US1325800A - pfouts and e - Google Patents

Description

L. S. PFOUTS AND EJ. MILLER. PAsEumzlNG APPARMUS AND PROCESS.

APPLICATWN` flLED ^UG.20| 1917- y l Patented Dec; 23,1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

lll'lll lua/lll l L. S, PFOUTS AND E. J.MILLER. PAsEumzlNG-APPARATUS ANDPRocEss. APPLICATION FILD AUG.20. |917'.

'1 ,$325,800. A Patented Dec. 23, 1919 5 SHEETS-SHEfT 2.

.fad

L. s. Pmus AND 5.1. MILLER.y PAsLumzmG APPARMUS mi PROCESS..

` APPLICATLUN man Animo. 191.1.

1 ,$25,800. Patented De. 23, 1919.

5 SHEETS-sain a.

ad l, if

L. S: P'Fous AND 5.1. MILLER. PASYTEURIZING APPARATUS AND PROCESS.

APPLlcATloN FILED Aua.20, 1911.

Patented Dec. 23,1919.l

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4'.

L. S. PFOUTS ANDAREg J. MILLER.

PASTEURIZING APPARATUSAND PROCESS.

APPucATIoN man we zo.' Isn.

Patented Dec. 23,1919.

l also a process or methodr of tion or mechanism, the valve element AUNITED STATES PATENT onrion.

LEROY s. PFUTs AND EDWARD Jf MILLER, or CANTON, OHIO, AssIGNoRs, BY MEsNE AssIGNMENTs, To THE MILLER PAsTEURIzING MACHINE COMPANY, or CANTON,

OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

'Specification of Letters Patent.

rAsTEURIzING ArPAnATUs AND PROCESS.

' alienation aiedaugust 2o, 191?. serial No. 1s7,234.

1o, paratus and method `(ir-process, more. particularly toy apparatus for, and method or process of, treating liquid, such as milla Our invention vis particularly 'applicable to apparatus 'of the character shown in U. S;

iLetters Patent granted to Leroy S.' Pfouts,

. Nos.`1',076,60l, 1,185,531 and 1,185,532. The

apparatus embodying' our invention is applicable for use' in' connection w-itli liquid treating apparatus of the type shown in 20 Patent No. 1,183,764, .butit willbe under-` stood, however, that it may be use'tl in con` nection withany preferred form of 'liquid treating apparatus.

ne object ofthe invention is .to insure 125 the'unifoim treatment of all portions of the' liquid as 1t' passes through the apparatus. Another object of the invention. is to produce apparatus adapted to be used in pasteurizing and comprising in combination a., series of liquid holders, a valve mechanism' operating to successively lill sucliholders, to empty the holders and to transfer a portion of -the liquid yof one holder for the einptying thereof to another holder.; and

procedure consisting in filling and emptying .liquid holders in a series progressively, and

transferring a portion of the liquid'in a filled holder to 'an empty holder. and more 40 specifically in making such transfer prior lto the filling of the latter holder.

'Another object of the invention is to provide, in apparatus of this character,l a bypass or liquid connection, whereby a porportions ofthe liquid delivered by the valve to each holder may he conducted 'ito another "holderf Anothervobject of the invention is to pro'- vide, in' apparatus of this character, a va'lve of which is formed vwith a by-pass to couductliquid from one conduit or liquid connection to an other conduit or liquid connection.' I

Another' object of lthe invention is to propasteurizing vide means for conducting any liquid rejinaining. in each of the liquid connections forv the holders to another.liquid conncction, wherebv it will be'jconveyed'to a; holder andv treated.

These .and other 'objects of the'invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art to whichour invention relates.

'Foi'.the purpose v of illustration .we' have, in the accompanying drawings, shown and herein described one form of apparatus eindying our invention. l Figure l is a top plan view of apasteuri`z in?? apparatusenibodying our invention.

section on the liney of Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2 sliowing'the valve'. element in another position.

Fig. 5 isa fragmentary vertical section on g the line 5-r5 of- Fig. 35.l v

Fig. 6 is a view of the valve' seat element, partly in sectionand partly in elevation.

Fig. 7 is a perspective'view-of the valve element. 4F 8 is a sectional viewf similar to Fig. 3 hut showing a modified form of the invention in which the valve seat element rotates relative to the valve element Fig. 9 is a. perspective view of the valve Patented Dee.i2`3, i

a section on the line 2 --2 of i element for use in the forni of the invention shown in Fig. 8

Figs. 10, 11 and 12 .are fragmentary views illustrating l-Qfllrfmodification of the invention. -l

In the drawingsfl indicates as an entirety a support for. the apparatus. The support 1 preferably comprises apair'of spaced base members 2a, which-are preferably an.

ranged parallel to eachother, and a connector 2, connected atrats'opposit'e ends', in

any desired manner,.to the base members 2. 2 indicates a pliialityof legsfoi" each base member 2. Th'v Ilegs maybe of any desired length to support Vthe,. base mem'- bers at any desired heightl abovethe floor.A

At its lower end eacli' leg maybe provided with an adjustable foot 2d, whereby the' adjacent hase member can be raised and. lowered. acroidinpI to thennevenness or inclination of the floor to support it horizontally 'and in a plane coincident with that in which the ether base member is supported. A.Each foot 21 preferably consists of a ball member fitted into a socket 2, which rests on thev a bearing 3. AThe bearing 3 is preferably' provided lat its upper end with a flange which engages the top surface v'of the connector 2b and supports the bearing in the opening 3. 4 indicates a shaft rotatably mounted in the bearing 3. vThe shaft-f4 is 'preferably of tubular form to receive the shank 14a of a valve element 14a', which will be later described; At its upper end the tubularA sha-ft 4 Ais provided-s. with a worm gear 4 which is driven by a worm 5 connected to a shaft 5. The worm gear 4F and tubular shaft 4 lare preferably formed integrall Interposed between .the under surface o the worm gear 44 and the flange of the bearing 3*L is an anti-friction bearing 6, preferably .of the tapered. roller bearing type. The shaft 5a is supported in suitable bearings and carries at its outer end a suitwhereby the shaft may be driven vat any'desired speed. The worm gear 4 and worin 4 serves as a. suitable .reduction gearingor the sleeve shaft 4.

8 indicates a plurality of pedestals or' standards, preferably of uniform height, mounted on each of the base members 2*. The pedestals 8 'are preferably equally spaced fromeach other, as shown in Fig. 1.

Each pedestal is made hollow and of skeleton form to economizemetal and reduce the weight of the apparatus to a minimum.

9 indicates as an entiretya'series of liquid holders each of which is supported on a pedestal 8. Each vessel 9 may be of cylindrical shapel and formed with bottom and side walls 9, 9", respectively, the latter being preferably surrounded by a suitable heat insulating jacket 9'. 9 indicates an' opening formed in the bottom of cach holder 9 to permit'liquid to .flow into and'put `of the holder. '10 indicates zncover' for each holder 9. Each cover'lO may be fitted to'or detachably connected to the adjacent holder 9l inlanydesired.manner.A 11 indicates'a pipe section'4 suitably fitted in the opening9 for each holder 9 and depending downwardly therefrom. The'purpose of these pipe sections will be later'fdescribed. v

'-'12 `indicates a' receiving chamber .preferably ,ar'rangedbetween 'the rows lof holders 9.v 'Thechamber 12 may besupported upon a supplemental base member 12*l which in `'tui-nis preferably supported by a plurality of standards 12" mounted on the connector 2. The receiving chamber 12 is preferably supported b y the supplemental base -memf 'the liquid 1n a substantially continuous and uniform manner -from the heater (not shown) to the chamber 12. 12d indicates a' three-way valve interposed in the pipe a. The purpose of the valve 12d is to cut Voff the fiow of the liquid entirely, or to direct it-downwurdly -into the chamber'12 or into a pipe 12e, which preferably leads to a cooler (not shown) or some other .point of discharge. When the pipe am is connected through the valve 12d with the ipe 12", the, 'liquid'is cut ofi' ffrom the cham er 12. The

a liquid supply pipe am.' This pipe conducts receiving chamber 12 preferably com rises a bottom wall 12t having a liquid disc arge opening 12 andan annular side wall 12,

and th latter may be surrounded by a suit able-heat insulating jacket 13. able drive device 5b, such, as a worm'gear, 'meshing with a worin, drivenby a motor 7,

14 indicates as an entirety-a valve mecha nism. It includes a valve or valve member 14" and a valvesea't element or member 15, which coperate to control the How of the liquid -to and from the holders-or vessels the'valve 14 is fixed in any'well known l9. The va'lve"member 14a preferably commanner to thevshaft 4. At one side .andl y between the plate 14" and rim 14x the walls of the valve member 14a" may be thickened and formed with two ducts 14, 14. The duct 14b serves as a conduit for fill Ehem, its inner-'end or port opening upvalve member when a. holder' 9 isemptyl ing, its receiving end or port leading. .through .the rlm 14", and preferably adje# A.the liquid as it Aflows to the holders ..9 to,

cent to the port of the duct `14". The duct' 14'preferab1y Vleads inwardly. vand then4 downwardly .axially through the stem-14l of the valve member'14", as' shown in Fig;

42. The 'v alveseat member: 15 f preferably comprises'v afrlng member' formedf'with a.

series of openingsor ports 1i5,'- ('preferably uniformly' 'spaced therearoundi'and 'cori'esponding 1n number 'to then'mber. -of

holders or vessels 9). with wliich-'the of theducts 14, '14'-,.ina. the'ieiber'14f successively register. as saidzwalve'member rotates. The inner wall of the ringmember 15 is shapedo snugly fit the outerconicalwall 14* of the valve member 14" to pre- I' l. A i n ,I .mi 'vent leakageof the liquid. 16 indicates'la. of the valve member 14. Of these 'liquid spidertor equivalent device mountedy uponA the 'valve member 14" and having an' an'- nular bearing member 16- arranged-to engage the upper endwall of the ring nieinbei' '15. 16' indicates a nut engaging screw threadsprovidedron the tubular extension 1 4a of the Vvalve element 14".. The nut 16" fr bears against the spider 16, when turned down upon the screw threads ofv the ext-enga, sion-144., and operates through the spider 1G' to force the', conical walls of the valve inem` ber '14" and-valve Seat member 15 into snug' engagement and' thus maintain a' substan -tially'liquid tight engagement-between these elements. 16 indicates a lock nut forl locking' the nut- 16?. in position againstthe spider 16.f 1- P indicates a seriesofipipe sections, preferably formed integral with the ring ineinbei* 15 and extending radially therefrom,

-thre'beiiig a pipe section l5b for each opening 15.: 15 indicates a pipe leading Atrom the o uterend of each pipe'section 1 5j-to the adjacent holder or vessel 9. As shown i|i`th`eV` drawings, the outer end of each pipe 15 leads to and is connected with the pipe s'ection 11 of the adjacent holder 9, preferably by a Tmember 15d and a coupling 15. The opposite or inner end of the pipe section 15 may beconiiected to the outer end of the arlnja'cent pipe section '15b by a coupling 15.V The pipes-15 and their unions with the ves- '36 `ment 15 and the vessels 9.

sels 9 and pipesections` 15" serve as liquid tight connections between the valve scat. ele- 17 indicates as an entirety connections for conducting 'the -liquid from the receiver' 1-2 to the inlet port o f the inlet duct 14". Since, in the preferred forni of construction, above described, tlie. valve member 1-l rotates relative to the valve seat. member 15 and the port of the inlet duct 1st. The upper end',

of the conduit 17 is provided with a collar 17", .which forms one;I element of a coupling 18 'to connect, in a liquid tight manner, the conduit 17 f* to 'a duct 18 extending' through the opening 12 in'the -receiver bottom 12.

liquid connections 17 to prevent leakage.

20 in dicates a pipeor conduit for conducting the liqpid from the-valve mechanisin'l,

y loutletI duct 14 andi the .'pipe20, these connections 'being of a character tovzperiiiitrotation connections, 21 indicates a pipe section connected to the valve shank 14 and extending into the discharge port of the outlet diict 14. The lower end of the pipe section 21 rotatably lits into an opening formed in a coupling of the ports of the ducts 14", 11. successively-l wit-h the openings 15. During the time that the port of the duct 14. is in registry with theralvc opening 15n 'for a holder or' vessel 9, as the' valv'e member 14" rotates,

liquid .will flow -from the chamber. 1'2. through the duct l-l" to the holder 9 to fill the same, the speed of the valve member ll'f -and` the size of the openings 149,15, heilig' `s1iigoliortined so that during. the registry' thereof suiicient liquid will flow through the valve elements to substantially fill the holder the ,rotary movement of the valve member 14: -until the.' receiving port of the discharge duct 14 registers with the opening 1 5?,-

whereupon the liquid will flow hygravity fromlthe holder through the valve opening lc'and duct 14 to the discharge vpipeor conduit 20. As the .ducts i4", 11, and the' id oo valve, ports thereof are of substantiallythe I same size, and the valve member 14" rotates-A unifoi-mly, it will b e undeistoodtlnit sub-4 stantially the same quantity of liquid may fion' ont of each holder as flowed into' it iii the same time interval. As the holders 9 are arranged around the valve seat member 15 and each-'is connected tol the adjacent port i 15", provision-is made for filling' and emptying the holders progressively.

The receivingport of'th'e outlet duct 14.

of the valve mechanism 1 4 may be arranged I at any predettamined point angularly of the axis of the i'alveunen'iber 14' relative to the discharge port of theinlet duct 14" so that the distance of` travel voli-the valve'meinber Hf from "'theposition for'filling to the po sition for emptying may'be of proper length.

0 in order/ that the periodfor holdingthe 19 indicates agland or packing for the. l'

l iquid in ay be fixed according to any particular circumstances or conditions.' From tlie`constriiction and operation". above described, it will be seen thattheliolders will be automatically filled and ein 'tied'at reeach holder will beheld therein vfora'predetermined Periodi'the'ektent of whcl de;

pends upon the length'gand time of tra fel of the valve from the. place of filling i to the place of discharge.l tiwill obvious that the speed of the valve. membercan be changed in various `ways-to increase or decrease the period between lthe filling and j emptying 'ofthe holders. Y u

In the form v of' construction vabove de,-

` scribed the liquid connection 15 between* the \'alve.mechani'snr'14 and each-holder 9 is .arranged below the latter so as to lead into the bottom ofthe holderto fill and empty it, -therethmugh without causing. froth, foam or'undue agitation. Whenso constructetha portion of.the liquid delivered byl the. valve mechanism 1-L .through each opening iemams 1n thehquid connection l5" until the outlet duct registers with the adacent opening 15". to dischargev yit ;.as a result.

of this, the. temperatlire ofthe' liquid remain',- ing in the liquid connection 15c may become reduced as compared with the temperature' of that portion of. the liquid which flows intothe adjacent holder. In' carryingr out Aour invention we provide means for conducting 'or transferring the liquid remaining in eac-li.' liquid connection 15 to another. liquid con-f nection 15c in advance ofthe*fillingofthev holder 9 connected. with, thelattenliqujid' connection, so that such portion of. :the liquid V so conducted or transferred, tliereto will 'be.-.-..

.in-let duct. 14? when the latterregistersthere?i with. The liquid conducting means are` con-Q.

forced into the adjacentholder the liquidi' deliveredV to such liquid connection-byvth trolled by the movable element .ofthe viihYQI.` mechanism 14, that is, the lvalve. meinber- 14"" in theiconstruction.above described, andby preference these means ..-\re.arranged to. operate prior -to the .emptylng ofv each holder l 9 and the filling of the. adjacent holder; Of

:these means, .23 indicates aplurulitlyJof re;

-of wnstructionall pockets yin which liquid".-

can ac cumulateare el uni nated.

indie.;

'. cates a 'cond-uit, preferably comprising .an

elongated horizontal 'slot' formed in". the` r'im.

` 14c of 'the valve member 14%. The slot 23? ..1 -is arranged angularly of the, axlsvof thevalve member 14" relative tothe outer, ports o'f the outlet and inlet dluzts 14"., "111".l sopas to`=first 'establish connection with. .fac-1.1;' 1:0;

A', cess'23 withthe next rearward recess :and thereafter disconnect thenrprlor" to the reg- 'ist of theouter port ofthe' outlet dut 146 i6 with' the opening 15c adj acont, the fistinen-l .went .rec ting, ott` tioriedreci'ess23, and prior to the of the outer .port .of the l,inlet duct wit openmgl' adjacent. the otheror-s'aid next learward recess 23a. For thispurpose, the slot 2W-extends forward ofthe outer foi;the==outletfduct 114 s o as; to come into ort i'egistryorfcommunication with the recess 23 foreach="connection 15to be emptied prior to registrationofvthefoutletduct 141? with theopening l''adjacent thereto; likewise, the slotf23! extends 'earivardfofuthe 'oi'ltletduct Msoas .tdconnect the said ref cess with the .next adjacent rearward re'- .cessQB of 4the opening 15' `tor.thec'onnection A 15 to be'filled. The slot 23fis of such length and the width of the recesses are so propor f lfioned relative to the 'size ofthe openine'gs 15'. and ducts T14", 14,that the' Slot 23 will (1) not come .into communication with recess 231 of that connectionl 15c leadin tothe holder 9 which is' nextfto beremptie of its' contents' untilafterthe out-let duct moves out of reg'- 'istry' with or past the opening 15.leading teothe holder which hasemptied;`and (2)- come disconnected fromthe recess 23 of thev liquid v connection 15 last emptiedgby. the

duct litprior to' the registration therewith pieferal)l of aillength Aslightly 'greater .than ,thedlstancghetween centers of. twdfadja.

23 to prevent. premature cut-l befrecess' forY the connection 15, ,i 1 `whichjis1 nextto be filledjbyftheV inlet duct 14.'1" The recessesr and the; conduit. 23% are of ample size to permitall of theflquid.

w hich'u1aytillanyone-of the connectlons 1 5? at anytime' to ow .therefromto the next 1 rearward connection 15? d uringthe time in# terval that any two openings are `connected b v the eonductinglneans.

By the'. construction and "arrangement above described,..it .willbe seenthat each i pai@` of adjacent recesses 23 andtheslot adjacent? liquid connections 15t and-that we are enabled to' transfer or conduct. the

liquid from that liquid'eonnectionl", connectcd 'to the Aholder 9 which is next to be emptied by the outlet duct-14", to the liquid lconnection lc for the holder 9 which is next "to'be filled andalso Vtoniake such transferV 'after 'one holder has been emptied and prior tothe wfillingthereof bythe inlet duct 14".

Fui-flicrtit will be 'seenthatasaresultof'l f this` operation. the lquidwhich filled each connection"15c for the. holden which is nent tonbe tilledin advance. ofthe filling thereof, so'that. the .liquid delivered by the inlet. duct .14 to this latter .connection will carry the liquid .connection 15 is transferred to the i liquid(transferred by the. by-pass thereto' i intojthe adjacent holder 9` where it is.mi.`\"ed with and reh'eateld by the liquid therein. As thefcouduit 2321s carried by or formed in thefvalve member- 14", it will -be alsobleen that the` transfer of from oneccnnection 15 to the adjacent connection is effected 'progressively and controlled by the .movement oflfonevalve element relative to fio j Letters 'Patent 1,076,60l, we prefer to ro-A tate the seat member in a. clockwise direction, asviewed in Fig. 8. W'henthe valve seat member operates in this manner, we arrange the outer port-of the outlet duct 14 -and conduit 23 rearward -o the outer port of the inlet duct 14e, as shown. in Figs. and 9. 1n the form of construction illustrated in Figs. ,8 and 9, we prefen to have the-outlet duct/14 lead downwardly and discharge at one side of the axis o the valve member 14:", as shown at 14.

. duit is arranged'above the outer port of" When the recesses 23 'extendupwardly from the openings 15* (see Fig. 6l .the con-l the outlet duct, but. when the recesses '2 3 extend downwardly, as shown inliserl 19 ow and 11,' vthe conduit 23. .i s arranged [this vportas shown in Eig.'l2,.so.. as to complete 'the byfp'ass between.V the recees. While vwe haveshown the conduit 2,3A as formedA in the circumferential wall of the.

rim lll", it might extend through the'rim and have ports therein posivt'icnedto register with'the recessg.

From nie'foregoing descripta 'n it win be seen thatall portions of the liquid are,'un-

der the controlof the valve mechanism, de-

40 livered to and'froni the holders 'and treated inthe desired manner and finally discharged for, cooling or other pur-poses.` By transferring the liquid-which, remains in each liquid .connection to the .next liquid connec- '45 tion where' itiows into the 'adjacent holder,

we are enabled to re-heat it to the desired temperature without affecting. toany substantial Yextent the remaining portion of theliquid 5'0 To .those skilled in -the art of making apparatus of' the class described, many alteraparting fron, the'. Spirit and..

tions in construction and widely dii'ering embodiments and applications of our invention will .suggest themselves, without defscope thereof. Our disclosuresand the description herein I- are-purely illustrative andare not intended to bein any sense limiting. j y

It will v,be Anoted-that all wallsof the conduit, pipefconnections andz receptacle in the apparatus, -with which a'n'y'i liquid to be treated may come in Contact', are readily ac- '.cessiblc for the purpose of cleaning merelyA by disassembling adjacent lparts or conduits. The importance of this in the sanitary 'handling of'I milk, for example, is well 3. In appaVl-at'us'f'ci. the character-- ineans: for conducting the liquidfrom-each conduit to an ad] acent conduit,- the s'aidicon-A known.

What'we claim'is: 1. In apparatus of the character :lescribed, the combination of a. valve mechanism Vcomprising two members`,one of 'which rotates relative to the other, one -ofsaid members being formed with two ducts each having an inlet and a discharge port andV the other member being formed with'a plurality of ports each arranged to register suc cessively with the discharge port, of one of' said ducts in the first mentioned member and the inlet port ofthe otherof said ducts in said member, a series of holders, a conduit leading `from each'of 'said in theV last mentioned member to one of said holdand' ,cans-*for conducting liquid -from `-each* conduit. to an adjacentconduit. 1

2. In.- apparatus" of the characterirdef liquid holders, a liquid-conduit fon each of 8 ers t'oconductliquidto and from the latter,

'sci'ibedg'the combinationis''l aplurality of said holders, al valve mechanism lfor controlling the fiow.=of liquid to each Dfjsaid conduits, means for conducting the liquid'from each conduit to'anl adjacent conduit, and

means for rotating one'element of saidvlve mechanism.

scribed,- he combinationfapluralityf-gfl holders, -a liquid conduit fior each' ofl said holders, a valve mechanism for controlling the flow of'liquid, toeach of said'conduitsyj 5 ducting means being' controlled by the valve of said valve mechanism, and means for rotating one-element of said' valve mechanism.'

4'. In apparatus of the character described, .105l

the combination of a plurality of holders? a liquid' conduit for eachof said holders, a valve mechanism 'for controlling the flow' of liquid to and" from each of saidcondiiits, and means for-'conducting the liquid'ineach 'conduit prior to the emptying of the adjacent holder connected thereto to-,lthe conduit 'cr the holder to be filled..l

5. Inapparatus of the character described, the combination of- 'a-plurality of liquid holders, `a liquid conduit for each; ot 'said holders, 'and a valve. mechanism for controlling the flow oi liquid toand from each f said conduits, mechanism including means for conducting liquid from eachconduit to an adjacent conduit.

6.' In apparatus ofy the character described,

the combination of ,aj lural'ity of'liqu-id holders, a'. liquid conduit for eachof-said holders,` and a valve ,mechanism for controlilo.

ling` the flow of liquid to land from'. each of said conduits,- said mechanismincluding means for successively conducting the liquid from each ofthe con uitsto an adiacent' conduit. I. A

- mechanism.

8. In apparatus .of the character described, the combination of a plurality. of liquid holders, a liquid-conduit for eachjof said holders, relatively movable 'valve elements for controlling the flow of liquid to and 19. In apparatus of the character described,

from said conduits, and means operating iprior to the emptying of one holder and the lling of an empty holder for .conducting the liquid in the conduit for the holder to be emptied tothe conduit for the-holderl to be iilled.

the combination .of a plurality of liquid holders, a liquid conduit for each of said holders, relatively movable 4valve elements .for controllin'gthe ,flow-of liquidto and from said conduits, and means operating'. prior to the emptying of one -holder and the filling -of an empty 'holder for conducting -the liquid in the conduit for the holder to lbe emptied Ato the conduitA for the holder'to be vfilled, the said liquid conducting means being controlled by one of said valve-ele. ments. v l v 10. In apparatus scribed, the combination of a plurality of liquid holders, a conduit connected to each,

of said holders, relatively movable valve elements for controlling the flow of liquid to and from said conduits a'nd arranged successively to fill and empty said holders, and

a by-passcarried by one of said valve elements to permit the flow of the liquidl in each conduit to one of the other conduits. 11. In apparatus of the. character described, the combination 'of a plurality of a by-pass carried br one of said valve' elej 5-5 thereof.

,so l

ports each connected to one of said conduits,

et a valve element formed with an inlet duct.

liquid holders, a conduitconnected to each of said holders, relatively movable valve elements" for controlling the fiow of liquid to from said conduits and arranged sucments and -arrange to permit the iowpf liquid from the conduit of each holder priorA to the emptying thereof to the conduit. of the holder to be filled prior to the-.filling 12. In app liquid holders, a conduit connected to each ofsaid holders, a4 valve seat element having element with anot ing and'successively emp aratus .of the character de-I scribed, the combination of a'plurality of A "are arranged to register successively with theports oflsaid 'seat element to successively f ill and l'empty tlie'said liquid holders,-.said

valve" being formed with a by-pass for'suc.- fcessively connectin :each port of said seat er port thereof, v.means 13."In apparatu'sfpf the character (lc-' ports each connected to'one of saidconduits,

a valve element formed with an inlet duct fand' an outlet duct, the outer ports ofwhichare arranged to 'register successively with.

the ports of said'seat element to succes-l sively fill and empty the said liquid holders, j

said valve being formed with ahy-pass arranged to connect each conduit prior tothe ein tying of`the 'holder connected thereto Wit rotating one of said valve elements.

'14, In apparatus of.- the character'ride-` scribed, the combination of al plurality ot'v the conduitof the holder to be iilledprior to the filling thereof, and means-for.

liquid holders, fa conduit connected to each I of4 said holders, a valve -seat elementhavi'ng ports each. connected to one .of said conduits, Y

and a valve element formed'withan inlet duct 'andfan'foutlet duct, the outer ports of which are arranged to register successivelyv v' with the ports of said seat element .to-guc-i cessively fill and empty the said liquid hold:

ers, said valve element being formed' with' Y, a bypass successively connecting each portof -the character deofthe valve seat element with another port.

.thereof, and said by-pass being arranged to prior to the ein tying the scribed, the combination of a series o hold- -ioo yers, a-valve mechanism for successively ill-4 1 tying'said holders,

and means for transferring or conducting a,

portion 'of the liquid in one holder .to an -other holder.N f I 16. In apparatus of, the character described, the combination of a series' of holders, a valve mechanism for successively fill'- ing and successively emptying said holders, and means for transferring or conducting a portion of the liquid other holder after the latterholder has been 'emptied but prior to the relling thereof.

in one holder to anl 17.1In apparatus of the character de-' holders, relatively for controlling t e flow of liquid ltoand from said holders, one' of said valve elements being connected with the latter, and the other of said 'valve elements beingformed with-a by-pass arranged to successively reg ister wit the openings in the valve element '.scribed, the combination of a plurality ofgmovable valve elements.

connected.. with said holders `to permit a portion of the liquid in one thereof to flow to another of said holders, and meansfor l; controlling't e flow of liquid to and' from in oneholder to an adjacent holder after the latter'has been` emptied and before it is re.

filled, and mea-ns for. rotating one o'f said flow of liquid to and froinsaid lioldersj said holders successively, means for conducting or transferring a poition of the liquid valve elements.

19.'In apparatus ofthe character'- described, 'the combination of a series of hold'- ers, a valve mechanism comprising a valve member' formed with an inlet duct and an i1 outlet duct and aevalve seat member formed with a seriesof openings each `of which is connected .With'one of 4said holders, means for rotating one of said valve members to cause registry 4of said ducts with said openj ings, whereby said .valve mechanism controls and aby-pass for transferring a portion of I the How of liquid to land from sai-d holders,

the liquid in a'illed holder to airempty holder.v

20. In apparatus Vof the `character described, the combination of a series oflibld--Q te1 s,'a .valve mechanism comprising a' valve -memberformed with an inlet duct and an outlet duct and al valve seat-member formed I' ,with a series oflopenings and recesses each Communicating with one 'ofsaid openings;

eajch' ofsaid openings being connected with one 0f saidh holders, means for rotating one of said valve members to cause registry of saidducts with-said openings, whereby said valve mechanism' controls the flow of liquid ,t0 and from :said holders, and a by-pass for connecting "together adjacent recesses 'for transferring a portion'of the liquid inl a -fill'ed'holder to an empty holder. A

21. In apparatus of the characteridef scribed, the combination of aseries of holders, a valve mechanism comprising-a valve member formed with an inlet duct' and an outlet duct and a conduit, anda valve' seat member formed with aseries of openings with whichtlie outer -ports of said ducts register and a series of recesses each communc ting with one of said openings, each said opening being connected with one of Asaid holders, and said conduit being arranged to connect each recess with an adjacent recess to permit liquid to flow from a filled holder to an empty holder, and means for rotating one of said valve members, whereby said valve Vmeclanisn'i controls the flow of liquid to and from said holders.

22'. -In apparatus of the (':hai'aetei' described, the combination of a series of' holders. a valve mechanism comprising a valve vmember formed with an inlet duct and an ranged. to connect each 4recess witlif an adjacent recess to permit liquid tonow-'from e 75 filled holde'i` lo an einl'i't'y'holder, vand means for rotating one ofsaid valve rnenibersY .whereby saidvalvemechanism controls Ithe 23. In 'apparatus o f the character.de-v '8D scribed, the combination of a seriesl of hold' ers, a valve seat elementfhaving aseriesof openingseach of which .is-f conne'cte'cl ivith one of said holders, la valvejeleinent formed with an inlet duct .and an outlet duct the Sly outer ports f which'reg'isterwith theopen-fv ings in .said valve" seat elementto"co`ntrol the liow of liquid to andfrom said holders.i

a by-pass carried byfsaid valve elementand extending from aipoin'fin front` o f the outer DI port of the outlet duetto' apointbetween such port' and the 'oitei-"portofthe inlet. duct to permit the -flow of al portion 0f,- the elements, i. 1

24. In apparatus of" ther character-ed scribed, the combination of`a s eries'of holdsl ers, a .valve seat elementha-ving aseriesofopeningseacli of which isi-:connectedvith'l' `one of saidholders,'a valve elementf'formedf with an inlet duct andan.oiitlet--ductf'tiie thereof, and. means for rotatingvnn o outerports of which registerwith the open-iings in said valve seat element tocontrol' the flow of liquid to and from 'said holderspIll-Kl' a b v-pass 'carried by said "valv'e'eleinent and l arranged to communicate with each opening:

prior to the registration ofV the outletv ductA therewitlLand' with the -ajdjacent'o eni ng outer ports of 'which register with the open- 120- i' ings in said valve seat element to control theflow of liquid to and from said holders recesses formed in the opposing--walls or Asaid elements and coperating to transfer 'portion of the liquid in eachliolderl succes- 126.

1 rotating one of said elements.

26. The herein described metliod'of ing liquid which consists in successively filling a series of holders, then conducting` lll isn-ely to an emptv holder, and means for f' '27.5 The herein `-describedmethod of treat a partienfae liquid 2 'q tq-the filling `thereof, and fina 1 emptying thei-.holders' of theremaining liquid-therein." 1

holder to oneof the' remaining holders prior y successive y ingf liquid `'which consists in successively filling andemptyinga series of holders, and

transferring'. a .pornos '0f the' liquid denvered j to' each -lholder 'prior to the'- emptying.A

thereof another holder, 28. The herein described method of treating liquid which'qonsists in filling: and.

emptying pairs of holders ina series of holders'` progressively, and transferring a portion of the liquid in the filled: holder of the pair of holders to.befilled and emptied l tothe empty holder of thepair intermediate the emptying orfilling thereof.'

29. The herein .described process which,

consists in filling and. emptying" holders in a series ofholders progressively,.and transferringay 'portion of the liquid inl` a "filled holder to an empty holder.

30.'.fll`he herein described process" 'which consists in' filling and emptyin holders in .a4 series of 'holders .progressive y,: and progressively transferring a lportion .of the liquid in the filled 4holders-to -the empty holders prior to the'filling ofthe latter.

' 31. In a system for pasteurizing milk and l other li uid,`the combination of a plurality ofholdlng receptacles, a combined filling Iand emptying duct for eachrece'ptaele communicating at one end with said receptacle at its lowe endand'having at its outer end a. combine ,inlet and discharge port, liquid conducting means includingan inlet duct 'having adischarge port arranged to register vwith said combined inlet and'discharge port of said combined filling and emptying liquid `always Hows in one direction 'only through saidinlet ductand then into the lower end offeach of said'holding receptacles to fill it to the extent desired, and a discharge duct havin d ts, one after the other, whereby the ranged toregister wit said combined inlet and discharge ports of said combined filling 'f fand emptying ducts, one after the other, a

lpredetermined period after each said holddelivered to each connected thereto an inlet port aring receptacle has been filled to the extent desired with liquid and through which disi charge duct the liquid from each holdi g receptacle always flows in one 'directiliin means for conducting awaythe liquid dis- `charged' from said discharge duct, means for effecting communication between said discharge port 'of said inlet' duct and said inlet port of said discharge duct, respectively, and said combined ports of said combined inlet-and emptying ducts, one after.' the other, and means for conducting the- A'llquld in one of saidx combined inletz and;A

emptying ducts to another of said ductsr after the receptacle connected to theT latter duct has been emptied and prior to the reillingthereof. 32. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a series of hold- 70 ers, 1 a filling and -emptying duct leading from each of said holders, a member formed with an inlet duct and an outlet duct, the outer ports of which register successively with. the filling and emptying ducts to con- 76 trol the flow of the liquid thereto and therefrom, means for rotating-said member, and means for transferring 'the lliquid in each filling and emptying duct to an. adjacent filling and emptyin duct after the holder 80 las been emptied. and prior to the refilling thereof.

33. In apparatus of the lcharacter described, the combination of a series of liquid holders, and a valve mechanism operating 85 successively to fill said holders, empty said holders and transfer a portion of the liquid in one holder before' emptying thereof' to LEROY s. PFoUTs. sow/ARD J. MILLER.

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