US1323384A - alleet - Google Patents

Description

l. D. ALLEN.

COMPENSATING DRIVING MEGHAN|SM FOR MOTOR VEHICLES. APPLICATION man JUL Y3I. 19:1.

' 1,323,384. Patent-ed Dee. 2,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEER! APPUCATION FILED IULY31. I921.

Patented Dec. 2, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

nrvrrnn STATES PATENT onFroE.

JOHN D. ALLEN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMPENSATING DRIVING- MECI-IAN'ISM FOR MOTOR-VEHICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN D. ALLEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphla and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Compensating Driving Mechanism for Motor-Vehicles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to compensatlng driving mechanism for motor vehicles, by means of which the disadvantages of the differential gear in common use today are overcome and new and useful advantages are obtained.

The present mechanism is a modification of those disclosed and claimed in certaln prior applications of mine, which have now i become Patents No. 1,238,730, of Sept.. 4,

7 wheels, drive through the inner wheel on a 1917; No, 1,264,744, ofApril 30,1918, and 3 1,265,160, of May 7, 1918.

It differs from the forms of the inventions of said Patents Nos. 1,238,730 and 1,265,160 by reason of the fact that pawls and ratchets are used for the forward drive as well as for the backward drive, instead of ratchet clutches for the forward drive, and from that of said Patent No. 1,264,744 in that internally toothed ratchet wheels are used for the drive in one direction, preferably the forward, whereby a more compact and simpler construction is obtained. V

In this, as in all the earlier forms of my invention, the reverse connection, which is a ratchet clutch in Patent No. 1,238,730 and pawls and ratchets in Patents Nos. 1,264,744 and 1,265,160, is automatically controlled, that is, thrown into and out of operative position, by the angular movement of the driving gear on the shaft, while in the pres ent form, as well as in that of Patent No. 1,264,744, the forward drive, as wellas the backward drive, is through pawls'and ratchets, and the angular movement of the driving gear serves to disconnect thepawls for forward drive when those for reverse drive are in engagement and vice versa.

All the advantages set forth in said prior patents, 2'. 6., positive drive of both curve, elimination of circular skidding, etc., are obtained in the present form of the invention, which will now be described with reference to the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a horizontal sectionthrough the mechanism as mounted in the fixed tubular axle of a motor vehicle, taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2, the ratchet wheels for reverse drive being shown in elevation,

Fig.2 is a cross-section taken on the line 2-2 ofFig. 1. i Fig. 3 is a similar View to Fig. 1, but with the shaft in a different angular position, the section being taken substantially on the line 33 ofFig. 4. i

Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken. on the line 4-4 of .Fig. 3.

Patented Dec. 2, 1919.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail view of the :means by which the driving pawls are disengaged. V

In these views, 1 represents the tubular axle of the vehicle, the center of which is cut out for the reception of the housing 2, in which the driving mechanism is mounted. 3 is the power shaft, 4 the driving pinion thereon, 5 the driving gear in mesh the're with, the hub 6 of which carries thekeys 9, which engage, with a limited amount of play, in the grooves 10 in the hollow driving shaft, which is composed of. thetwo side members 11, 11, and the center member 12, all rigidly connected together by the bolts 7 13. Ratchet wheels 15, 15, are mounted in teeth 20, which are engaged, for forward drive in the present'instance, by the pawls 21, pivotally' mounted in sockets formed in the members 11 of the driving shaft, said pawls being'normally pressed outwardly to engage said teeth by springs 23. 'Pins 24 project from the inside of said'pawls in position to be engaged by cam pieces 25, secured within the hub 6 of the gear 5 by screws 26, see Fig. 5.

, pawls. To raise the latter out of engage- V The'ratchet wheels 15 for the reverse' drive are engaged by pawls 28, pivotally ment, the tails 30 are engaged by lugs 31 carried in the hub 6 of the gear 5.

The operation is as follows: When the motor is driving the vehicle forwardly, the keys 9, carried by the hub 6 of the driving gear, are at the other ends of the grooves 10 in the main shaft 11, 12, 11, than that shown in Fig. 2, and consequently thelugs 31 have raised the pawls 28 for reverse drive out of mesh with the teeth of ratchet wheels 15, and hold them in that position, while the cam pieces 25 are in the position indicated in Fig. i, permitting the springs 23 to cause the pawls 9.1 to engage the teeth 20 of the internal ratchet wheels or intermediate shaft members 9. As soon as the momentum'of the vehicle drives the shaft 11, 12, 11, faster than the gear 5, the positions are reversed, the pawls :21 are disengaged, and the pawls 28 are engaged. if the clutch is left in, the motor will now be driven as a compressor and therefore act as a brake. The last mentioned position of the pawls is of course also that when the motor is driving the vehicle backwardly. It will be seen that both wheels are positively yet independently driven whichever way the vehicle is moving, and that the outer wheel on a curve can turn faster than the inner wheel, which therefore does the driving at that time, eliminating all danger of the vehicle side skidding or turning around. There can never be any dragging of a wheel on a curve, since the connections for forward drive are automatically broken wheneverthose for reverse drive are made, and vice versa. Finally, the present construction permits of a very compact arrangement of the parts, and enables it to be applied to existing vehicle axles without change.

Having thus described my what I claim is V 1. A reversing compensating driving mechanism for motor vehicles, comprising a hollow driving shaft, a gear capable of a limited turning movement thereon, two intermediate shaft members provided with means for connecting them to the wheel shafts and each comprising an internal and an external ratchet wheel, cooperating pawls carried by said driving shaft, springs to engage said pawls, and means carried by said gear to disengage oneset of pawls while permitting the engagement of the other set.

2. A reversing compensating driving mechanism for motor vehicles, comprising a hollow driving shaft, 3, driving gear having a limited turning movement thereon, two intermediate shaft members adapted to be connected to the wheel shafts and carrying internal ratchet teeth, two external ratchet wheels non-rotatably connected to said shaft members, pawls carried within invention said driving shaft to, engage said ratchet wheels, other pawls carried within said driving shaft to engage said internal ratchet teeth, springs tending to hold said pawls in engagement, and means carried by said gear to simultaneously disengage one set of pawlsand permit engagement of the other set.

3. A reversing compensating driving mechanism for motor vehicles, comprising a central driving shaft, a driving gear mounted thereon with slight amount of angular play, two lateral intermediate shaft members adapted to be connected to the wheel shafts and each comprising an external ratchet wheel within the central shaft and an internal ratchet wheel surrounding the ends of said central shaft, a set of pawls carried by the latter to engage each external ratchet wheel, another set of pawls carried by said central shaft to engage each internal ratchet wheel, and means carried by said gear to disengage the pawls from one pair of ratchet wheels whenever the other pair of ratchet wheels is engaged by its pawls.

at. A reversing compensating driving mechanism for motor vehicles, comprising two internal ratchet wheels, adapted to be connected to the wheel shafts, two external ratchet wheels secured to said internal ratchet wheels, a driving shaft surrounding said external ratchet wheels and having its ends surrounded by said internal ratchet wheels, pawls carried by said driving shaft in position to engage said external ratchet wheels, springs tending to force said pawls inwardly into engagement,-pawls carried by said driving shaft in position to engage said internal ratchet wheels, springs tending to force said pawls outwardly into engagement, a driving gear mounted to have a slight angular movement on said driving shaft, and means carried by said gear and projecting into said driving shaft to disengage one of said sets of pawls at a time.

5. A reversing compensating driving mechanism, comprising an outer and an inner driving element capable of a limited relative angular movement, two driven members each comprising a set of internal and a set of external ratchet-teeth facing in opposite directions, cooperating with pawls carried by the inner driving element in position to engage said teeth, springs tending to hold said pawls in engagement with said teeth, and means carried by the outer driving element to free either the internal or the external teeth from their cooperating pawls according to the relative angular position of said driving elements.

6. A reversing compensating driving mechanism, comprising a driving gear, a shaft keyed therein but capable of a limited angular movement relatively thereto, two

driven members having. provision for atried by said driving gear to hold one or the taehment t0 the Wheel shafts, internal and other set of pawls out of engagement accordexternal ratchet teeth on said members, a ing to the relative angular position of said 10 set of pawls for forward drive and another drlving gear and shaft. i 5 set of pawls for reverse drive carried by In testimony whereof I have hereunto set said shaft, springs to hold said pawls in my hand.

engagement With said teeth, and means car- JOHN D. ALLEN.

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