US1322960A - Briqueting-press - Google Patents

Description

W. SCHUMACHER.

BRIQUETING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED 0502,1912. RENEWED DEC. 16.1916.

1 ,322 ,9 60. Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

,2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- W/TNESSES IN E TOR ATTORNEYS W. SCHUMACHER.

BRIQUETI NG PRESS. APPLICATION FILED DEC-2| I9i2. RENEWED DEC- IB, I916.

1,3229 60. f S Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- WITNESSES: :F: 1'

BY h KMM W entree snares earner onrron.

WILHELM SCHUMAGHER, or osNABntrcK, GERMANY, Assrenon To GENERAL BRIQUETTING 00., on NEW YORK,'1\T. Y., A CORPORATION-0F MAINE.

BRIQUETING-PRESS.

1,322,eco.

Application filed December 2, 1912, Serial No. 734,442. Renewed December 16, 1916. Serial No. 137,443.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM SCHU- MACHER, a citizen of the German Empire, and a resident of Osnabriick, in'the Kingdom of Prussia, Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Briqueting-Presses, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to presses for making briquets, and more particularly to the style of presses known as lever presses, and has for its object to provide means for obtaining without any increase in power briquets of greater thickness and of more uni form firmness throughout than heretofore obtained in briquets compressed in lever presses.

It is old in lever presses to have the active or positively operated die (whether it be the upper die or the lower die) mounted resiliently, so that as soon as a certain pressure is attained or exceeded this die w ill become stationary or even recede. The object of this arrangement is on theone hand to avoid breakage of the press as a result of excessive pressure, on the other hand to provide means for regulat ing the pressure exerted upon the material to be compressed so that a uniform amount of pressure can be maintained, any excess of pressure being taken care of by the resiliency of the die. As in lever presses the pressure exerted upon the material to be compressed is dependent upon the amount of material put into "the mold. This amount is so regulated that the pressure will become somewhat greater than the pressure at which the resiliently mounted active die will become stationary. The stopping or receding of. the resiliently mounted die thus serves to indicate that a certain degree of pressure has been attained or exceeded.

The exertion of the active pressure against the material from but one side results in the disadvantage that the part of the material adjoining the active die is subjected to a greater pressure than the material on the opposite side of the mold. Experlments made with a'briquet having a cross-section of 250x125 millimeters have developed the fact that up to 40% of the power used for operating the, press is consumed by friction betwen the material to be compressed and the side walls of the mold, as a result of which the upper part of the briquet is subjeoted to a smaller amount of pressure than the rest of the briquet, and consequently does not become as dense or as firm as the othe'rpart of the briquet.

I have discovered that this drawback may be overcome by combining with a resiliently mounted die, a mold arranged to slide in the direction of the pressure exerted upon the material to be compressed. The result of this arrangement is that the lever press will have an action like that of a hydraulic pressthat is to say the entire material to be compressed into briquets will be subected to a uniform pressure, not from one side only but from both sides so that briquets of the same firmness may be made twice as thick as formerly without requiring any increase of the power employed to operate the press.

A specific example of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawings it being understood that I do not restrict myself to, this particular embodiment. Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the machine in which the upper die is resiliently mounted; Fig. 2 is a similar view showing both dies resiliently mounted; Fig. 3 represents a mold and lower die in section; and Fig. 4 represents a non-resilient upper die.

A designates the stationary frame of the press, provided with upright rods A, one of Patented Na. 25, 1919.

which forms an axle for the mold carrier or mold table B, rotated intermittently by suitable mechanism (not shown) and provided with (say, twelve) vertical through openings B. In each of these is adapted to slide vertically arranged a mold'O, open at the top and at the bottom, and normally resting on an'apertured supporting plate B secured to the mold table B. In the construction shown, the lower die D is the active or power die, being operated by a plunger D suitably guided in the frame A. There is adie D for each mold 0, adapted to move up and down therein, which dies D travel with the table, coming, one by one, into registry with the plunger D. By this arrangement the molds C are slidable in the pockets or open ingsB in the direction of movement of the dies D and the dies D are slidable relatively. to the associated molds. Any suitable connection between the moldsand dies D to permit the relative movement thereof may be of the drawings. Themold and die are of sufficient weight to be restored to normal positionby gravlty after displacement during the operation of the machine, After the completion of'ai briquet the die D is utilized 1 to eject thefinished briquet, the movements of the dies D, except. when under pressure, being controlled by a circular campathsubstantially in ao'cordance with the principles of'the' Briick Kretschel press.

Theplunger D is connected pivotally at D'tw'itha link E the lower end otwhich is pivoted at E to the operating lever F fulcrumed on th'e'fra'me at F. A connecting rod G is pivoted at G to the operating lever F and at G to a crankl-l upon a countershaft 'J which is driven from the main shaft K by means of toothed gearing L.

In the-press illustrated'by Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings the upper die M is a counterdieor backing, that is to say, itbraces' liquid. P designates a pressure gage and Q a valve controlling the connection of the tankO' with the pipe N. Other means than the-one shown may be employed for mounting the cou'nterdie M yieldingly.

Thefm'eans for filling the molds C and for ejecting the finished'briquets are not shown, and may be of any well-known or approved construction.

' The operation is as follows:

In the filling position, the molds C rest on thepl-ate B as shown at the lett in the drawing, and the powerdie D is in its lower position. fih'e upper die or counterdie M is always clear of the mold table B, that is to say, the lower face of the die M is always above the'upper face of the moment. The intermittent rotation of the table B brings the moldsC, one by one, to the pressure po-' sition shown at the rightin the drawing,

except that at. the beginning of thec'on'ipressing operation the filledmold still rests on the supporting. plate B? and the power die D is in its lower position. as the oper? ating lever F is-swung upward, the plunger D and the power die D are forced upward,

compressing the filling or material, in" the mold-G, against the counterdie M, Instead. ofzwa'stinga large amount of power inovercoming frictionbetween the materialand the side wallsofthe mold (as would bethe case it the mold were not movable vertically) practically the entire pressure is utilized tocompress the-filling, since the mold rises to.

the position shown, so as to fit around the counterdie' The amount of frictionbetween the material andthe sides ofthe mold C is thus minimized, and the eiiicienoy of the press increased correspondingly.

When the pressure exerted by the power (lie D exceeds a certain limit, tllG'COUlltQl',

die M will yield upwardly in the cylinder A the resultingincr'ease of pressurebeing 1nd1cated by the gage P. This resilient mounting of the counter-die Will -prevent the occurrence ofexcessive strains which 'n'iiglit deform or break parts of theJmachine.

The briquet'havingbeen formed as de scribed, the power dieD; recedesto its lowcrp'osit-ion,the mold C at the sametime dropping back upon the plate B Then occurs another partial rotation otthe table B and the ejection of the briquet from themold, according to'the usual procedure;-

Instead of being stationary, asshown-in Fi g. 1, the fulcrum F ofthe operatinglever F (as shown in Fig. 2) might'be carried by i the upper end of a vertically movable plu-n-l ger S, similar tothe counterdie M; the lower end of said plunger working in a cylinder T corresponding to the cylinder A and in connection with this cylinder 1 would provide a tank 0", pipe N, pressuregage; P and cook Q of the sameoharacter as shown at O, N, P and Q, respectively, with the'fi'll ing of'oil and nitrogen or other compressed fluid as explained above. The nitrogen tank should preferably be located about three feet above the level of the hydraulic cylinder with which it is connected. It will be readily understood that by securing the tulcrum F to a yieldingor hydraulic pl-unger asjust' described, an elastic mounting is provided.- for the power die D'. Thus-ifa certain pressure is exceeded, the hydraulic pressure which normally holdsthe fulcrum F stationary, will be overcome, the die D becoming stationary or even receding slightly. Of

course the ('ounterd-ie M would also recede as described above,but'to a smaller extent:

than whenonly the counterdie is mounted resiliently. --It will'iturther b e ob-vious that whenthe power die Djis mounted resiliently as explained above,- the'connterdie M might: be stationary or rigid, instead o'fyieldingly mounted which can be accomplished by usingasolid die M" such as shown in Fi g. 4. Vifhen both dies, are mounted yieldingly, eachof them will act on the liquid .in the respective hydraulic cylinder, whenever the v desirable pressure is exceeded, and on ac countof the better distribution of the resili i ent action, thisresilient'mounting of both dies may-bepjre-ferredin some cases. 7 Various modifications may be made without departing-from the nature ofmyinvention as-set'forth in the appended claims.

I'claim; j 1;. In abriqueting press, the colnbination,

of oppositely disposed dies, means for causing one die to approach the other to compress material therebetween, the last named die remaining relatively fixed until the pressure exceeds a predetermined amount, means which permits the relatively fixed die to recede when the predetermined pressure is reached and simultaneously increases the pressure on the material being compressed, and a movable mold in which said dies operate, said mold being adapted to be moved in the direction of movement of the dies, by reason of its frictional engagement with the material under compression.

2. In a briqueting press, the combination of an upper die, a mold movable beneath said upper die and into exact registry therewlth, a movable sleeve in sald mold, a lower die, means foractuating said lower die, and

WILHELM SCHUMAOHER.

Witnesses:

FRITZ ZrEeLnR, Jr., HANS V. BRLESEN.

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