US1318781A - James mckechnie - Google Patents
James mckechnie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1318781A US1318781A US1318781DA US1318781A US 1318781 A US1318781 A US 1318781A US 1318781D A US1318781D A US 1318781DA US 1318781 A US1318781 A US 1318781A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- exhaust
- piston
- engine
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/36—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear peculiar to machines or engines of specific type other than four-stroke cycle
- F01L1/38—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear peculiar to machines or engines of specific type other than four-stroke cycle for engines with other than four-stroke cycle, e.g. with two-stroke cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
Definitions
- This invention relates to two-stroke internal combustion engines, and has for its chief object to reduce the loss of scavenging air and thus to increase the efficiency of the engine.
- engines of this kind whether of the single or opposed piston type, in which the exhaust escapes through ports covered and uncovered by the piston, a considerable loss of scavenging air takes place through the open ports and the amount of air left in the cylinder for compression is measured from the cut-off or closing of the exhaust ports by the piston on the compression stroke.
- the pressure of the scavenging air has been raised, but this involves'the use of additional power for driving the pump and still leaves the efficiency of the engine low.
- I provide, as close to each cylinder as is practicable, an exhaust controlling valve so actuated as to give full exhaust opening but closing to check or throttle the escaping gases before the closing of the exhaust ports by the piston.
- an exhaust controlling valve so actuated as to give full exhaust opening but closing to check or throttle the escaping gases before the closing of the exhaust ports by the piston.
- Any suitable construction of valve may be employed, but a convenient arrangement comprises a disk valve rotating about a diametrical axis at the same speed as the crankshaft and adjusted to give the full opening and the required throttling action at the proper points of the piston stroke.
- Means, such as eccentric or elliptical gearing, may be employed to give the best timing for the free exhaust and throttling operations where constant speed of rotation of the valve is undesirable.
- Figure 1 is an elevation of an engine showing the position of the exhaust controlling valve and a convenient method of driving it.
- Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate a form of rotating disk valve which may be employed.
- Fig. 4 shows a modified form of rotating forming a valve casin is fitted and.
- valve shown in the ollowing figures is placed in the said casing or exhaust pipe.
- the spindle d of the valve which is assumed to be of rotating type, is provided with the bevel wheel d with which engages the bevel wheel 0 on the shaft E, the other end of which is driven through bevel gearing.
- the exhaust passage 0 passing through the valve casing or exhaust pipe C is provided with the rotating disk valve D mounted centrally upon the spindle d, which may be driven as shown in Fig. 1.
- the disk valve when in the position shown, in which it extends laterally across the passage 0, does not quite close the passage and allows the exhaust gases to pass through the narrow annular channel surrounding the disk, this restricted passage giving a pronounced choking action to the gases so that the rcssure in the cylinder A at the end of ex aust is substantially above atmospheric pressure.
- the timing of the valve D is arranged so that the valve approaches the maximum.
- valve may be advanced to the position indicated by the line m for the forward driving of the engine and the valve may be brought by the spiral gearto the position 3/ when the engine is re gases ed across tli is the lent,
- an automatic valve D is shown consisting of a flap hinged at 03* and extending across the passage 0, the valve being normally held in the position shown in full lines by means of the spring 03 acting through the arm (Z on the valve spindle.
- the valve In the closed position the valve does not completely obstruct the passage 0 but allows a restricted channel through which the exhaust gases during the final stage of the ex haust are allowed to flow, but during the early stage, when the exhaust pressure is considerable, the valve D is moved back against the force of the spring into a fully open position such as is shown in dotted lines, closing automatically as the pressure of the exhaust gases falls.
- valve arrangement in accordance with this invention allows of reduction both in quantity and pressure of the scavenging air while providing for suilicient compression and the efficiency of the engine is correly increased by the power saved in ior of the scavenging pump.
- Lettent of the United States is a two-stroke internal crim'lbustion on o iston, a cylinder provided with a ort controlled by the piston and an exhaust control ng valve adapted to be so me full exhaust opening and small clearance when closed losing before the closing of the by the piston it provides a 4 channel for the v which d as they escape jut of the exhaust port by tne pix in a two-stroke internal con'ibustion ena piston, a cylinder provided with an cxlniust port controlled by the on, an ex liaust channel, and a rotatable exhaust controlling valve in the said channel adapted to open the exhaust channel during the earlier stages of the exhaust but provided with a small clearance when closed so as only partially to close the said channel during the later stages of the exhaust, to throttle the gases before the exhaust is completely cut oil by the engine piston.
- a piston In a two-stroke internal combustion engine, a piston, a cylinder provided with an exhaust port controlled by the piston, an exhaust channel, a rotatable disk valve in the said channel between which and the valve a restricted passage is left when the valve is transversely across the channel, and means for rotating the said disk valve.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Description
' J. McKECHNlE. TWO-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE,
APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, I918- Patented 001. 14,1919.
Inventor.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JAMES MOKECHNIE, 0F BAR-ROW-IN-FURNESS, ENG-LAND, ASSIGNOR T0 VIGKERS LIMITED, OF WESTMINSTER, ENGLAND.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Oct. 14, 1919.
Application filed May 1, 1918. Serial No. 231,843.
T 0 all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JAMES MCKEGHNIE, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Naval Construction Works, Barrowin-Furness, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Two-Stroke Intcrnal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to two-stroke internal combustion engines, and has for its chief object to reduce the loss of scavenging air and thus to increase the efficiency of the engine. In engines of this kind, whether of the single or opposed piston type, in which the exhaust escapes through ports covered and uncovered by the piston, a considerable loss of scavenging air takes place through the open ports and the amount of air left in the cylinder for compression is measured from the cut-off or closing of the exhaust ports by the piston on the compression stroke. To obtain increased compression and resulting increase of power in the engine the pressure of the scavenging air has been raised, but this involves'the use of additional power for driving the pump and still leaves the efficiency of the engine low.
According to this invention, I provide, as close to each cylinder as is practicable, an exhaust controlling valve so actuated as to give full exhaust opening but closing to check or throttle the escaping gases before the closing of the exhaust ports by the piston. Any suitable construction of valve may be employed, but a convenient arrangement comprises a disk valve rotating about a diametrical axis at the same speed as the crankshaft and adjusted to give the full opening and the required throttling action at the proper points of the piston stroke. Means, such as eccentric or elliptical gearing, may be employed to give the best timing for the free exhaust and throttling operations where constant speed of rotation of the valve is undesirable.
In order that the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, I will describe the same more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an elevation of an engine showing the position of the exhaust controlling valve and a convenient method of driving it.
Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate a form of rotating disk valve which may be employed.
Fig. 4 shows a modified form of rotating forming a valve casin is fitted and. the
valve shown in the ollowing figures is placed in the said casing or exhaust pipe. The spindle d of the valve, which is assumed to be of rotating type, is provided with the bevel wheel d with which engages the bevel wheel 0 on the shaft E, the other end of which is driven through bevel gearing. f
from the crank shaft F of the engine. This gearing gives a constant speed rotation to the throttling valve but eccentric or elliptical gearing may be substituted for the simple bevel gearing shown in order to give'the best timing for the throttling operation of the valve.
Referring to the valve shown in Figs. 2
and 3 the exhaust passage 0 passing through the valve casing or exhaust pipe C is provided with the rotating disk valve D mounted centrally upon the spindle d, which may be driven as shown in Fig. 1. The disk valve when in the position shown, in which it extends laterally across the passage 0, does not quite close the passage and allows the exhaust gases to pass through the narrow annular channel surrounding the disk, this restricted passage giving a pronounced choking action to the gases so that the rcssure in the cylinder A at the end of ex aust is substantially above atmospheric pressure. The timing of the valve D is arranged so that the valve approaches the maximum.
throttling position some time before the engine piston closes the exhaust ports and the throttling takes place during the entry of the scavenging air. The complete closing of the exhaust by the engine piston occurs approximately at the position of maximum throttling by the valve D.
For reversing purposes the gearing driving the valve D need not be altered unless it is desired to develop full power on re-.
verse, in which case spiral gearing could be fitted on the shaft E or the valve spindle d to allow of an altera ion relatively to the crank shaft of the engine, Thus when the crank shaft is on the dead center with fully open exhaust ports the valve may be advanced to the position indicated by the line m for the forward driving of the engine and the valve may be brought by the spiral gearto the position 3/ when the engine is re gases ed across tli is the lent,
T w v 1 w an snown in z i r is of cylindric throu h end, -re par r e --ontraoted end 01' the p: isage ssitg over the opening of the eas prolong the period of matznnnn the exhaust pipe C is formed with a cylindrical portion corresponding to the valve, which however leaves a small annular clearance so that when the valve is not across the passage 0 the gases can still escape, though at a greatly reduced rate. This valve is rotated as in the case of the disk valve already described.
lln the modification shown in Fig. 7 an ordinary mushroom valve D is employed. under the control of the cam E, which is so formed as to open the valve D fully during the earlier stages of the exhaust and to allow it almost to close during the final stages, under the action of the spring 0, to provide for the desired throttling effect without actually cutting off the exhaust until the exhaust port is closed by the engine piston.
In Fig. 8 an automatic valve D is shown consisting of a flap hinged at 03* and extending across the passage 0, the valve being normally held in the position shown in full lines by means of the spring 03 acting through the arm (Z on the valve spindle. In the closed position the valve does not completely obstruct the passage 0 but allows a restricted channel through which the exhaust gases during the final stage of the ex haust are allowed to flow, but during the early stage, when the exhaust pressure is considerable, the valve D is moved back against the force of the spring into a fully open position such as is shown in dotted lines, closing automatically as the pressure of the exhaust gases falls. The throttling action can be adjusted to any required extent by varying the strength of the spring (5 so that the valve may be set to give the best throttling effect as found by experiment A valve arrangement in accordance with this invention allows of reduction both in quantity and pressure of the scavenging air while providing for suilicient compression and the efficiency of the engine is correly increased by the power saved in ior of the scavenging pump.
cla n and desire to secure by Lettent of the United States is a two-stroke internal crim'lbustion on o iston, a cylinder provided with a ort controlled by the piston and an exhaust control ng valve adapted to be so me full exhaust opening and small clearance when closed losing before the closing of the by the piston it provides a 4 channel for the v which d as they escape jut of the exhaust port by tne pix in a two-stroke internal con'ibustion ena piston, a cylinder provided with an cxlniust port controlled by the on, an ex liaust channel, and a rotatable exhaust controlling valve in the said channel adapted to open the exhaust channel during the earlier stages of the exhaust but provided with a small clearance when closed so as only partially to close the said channel during the later stages of the exhaust, to throttle the gases before the exhaust is completely cut oil by the engine piston.
3. in a two-stroke internal combustion engine, a piston, a cylinder provided with an exhaust port controlled by the piston, an exhaust channel, a rotatable exhaust controlling valve in the said channel having a small clearance when in closed position and means for rotating the said valve so as to close it before the exhaust port is closed by the piston.
4. In a two-stroke internal combustion engine, a piston, a cylinder provided with an exhaust port controlled by the piston, an exhaust channel, a rotatable disk valve in the said channel between which and the valve a restricted passage is left when the valve is transversely across the channel, and means for rotating the said disk valve.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1318781A true US1318781A (en) | 1919-10-14 |
Family
ID=3386256
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1318781D Expired - Lifetime US1318781A (en) | James mckechnie |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1318781A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2425181A (en) * | 1945-03-06 | 1947-08-05 | James H Reid | Internal-combustion engine and attachment |
US2678033A (en) * | 1951-01-31 | 1954-05-11 | Sulzer Ag | Internal-combustion engine exhaust control system |
US2736303A (en) * | 1950-12-28 | 1956-02-28 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Control valve for a two cycle engine |
US2806458A (en) * | 1955-12-12 | 1957-09-17 | Don Mettetal Sr | Throttle control valve for model aircraft engine |
-
0
- US US1318781D patent/US1318781A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2425181A (en) * | 1945-03-06 | 1947-08-05 | James H Reid | Internal-combustion engine and attachment |
US2736303A (en) * | 1950-12-28 | 1956-02-28 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Control valve for a two cycle engine |
US2678033A (en) * | 1951-01-31 | 1954-05-11 | Sulzer Ag | Internal-combustion engine exhaust control system |
US2806458A (en) * | 1955-12-12 | 1957-09-17 | Don Mettetal Sr | Throttle control valve for model aircraft engine |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5474036A (en) | Internal combustion engine with rotary valve assembly having variable intake valve timing | |
US2820339A (en) | Turbo-charged internal combustion engines and methods of starting and operating them | |
US3186388A (en) | Feeding of air for combustion in supercharged internal combustion engines | |
US2766737A (en) | Injection valve for rotary type internal combustion engine | |
US1318781A (en) | James mckechnie | |
US2552006A (en) | Internal-combustion engine | |
US2392060A (en) | Internal-combustion engine | |
US1951759A (en) | Internal combustion engine | |
US2699156A (en) | Multiple piston internal-combustion engine | |
US7673617B2 (en) | Indirect-injection internal-combustion engine, notably spark-ignition supercharged engine, with two intake means for carrying out a burnt gas scavenging stage | |
US1539227A (en) | Internal-combustion engine | |
US2796054A (en) | Two cycle engine charge recirculator | |
US2383565A (en) | Engine | |
US1031245A (en) | Internal-combustion engine. | |
US1402573A (en) | Combustion engine | |
US2063362A (en) | Internal combustion engine | |
US2112829A (en) | Internal combustion engine | |
US1438937A (en) | Internal-combustion engine | |
DE19546453A1 (en) | Inlet valve for four-stroke engines with fuel injection | |
US2369245A (en) | Internal-combustion engine | |
US2473164A (en) | Two-cycle engine | |
US2148249A (en) | Internal combustion engine | |
US2506512A (en) | Intake control for internalcombustion engines | |
US1542476A (en) | Internal-combustion engine | |
US1442461A (en) | Internal-combustion engine |