US1318338A

US1318338A - Appabatus foe

Info

Publication number: US1318338A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-10-07
Anticipated expiration: 1936-10-07

Description

l. C. POLE. APPARATUS FOR TREATING LIQUIDS BY ULTRA-VIOLET RAYS.

APPLICATION HLED APR. I8. 1916. RENEWED MAR. 1.1919.

Patented Oct. 7, 1919.-

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JOSEPH CHARLES POLE, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE CHEMICAL FOUNDATION, IN 0., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING LIQUIDS BY ULTRA-VIOLET RAYS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 7, 11919.

Application filed April 18, 1916, Serial No. 92,032. Renewed March 1, 1919. Serial No. 280,145.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH CHARLES POLE, subject of the Emperor of Austria, residing at Vienna, Austria, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Liquids by Ultra-Violet Rays, of which the following is a specification.

Apparatus for treating liquids by ultraviolet rays where quartz lamps are used, for instance apparatus for sterilizing water, have, as a rule, the peculiarity that the full sterilizing power of the lamp is not reached until at a certain vapor pressure, that is at a certain lamp voltage. Up to this moment,

2'. 6. below that lamp voltage (voltage be-- tween the electrodes of the lamp), the apparatus does not work perfectly reliably, at least not with apparatus where, as at present mostly used, the quartz lamp is operated at high vapor pressure. The invention here described has for its object an automatic shutting device which does not permit the raw liquid to enter the apparatus until the actinity' of the lamp has become powerful enough. The lamps at present mostly used for generating an intense ultra-violet radiation, such as mercury vapor lamps of quartz glass, are advantageously operated at high vapor pressure of the ,mercury vapor and are started by contact, this being mostly done. by tilting by hand. For this purpose the lamp, with the main circuit closed, 1s inclined until the mecury makes contact between the electrodes and then the lamp is brought back to its first position. Thereby the contact is interrupted and the electric are started. From this time, when the cold lamp was started, until the moment when the lamp reaches the stationary current and voltage a certain time elapses. Durlng this first period the lamp current and the voltage between the electrodes change about as shown in Figure 1, which diagram it is good to keep in mind in order to understand the following. 0

With the voltage of the lamp also its actinic power increases. In case of a stemlizing apparatus for instance, up to a certain voltage e the apparatus has not the full efiiciency and the water delivered is not perfectly sterile. Therefore, according to my invention, during this period the delivery of the liquid from the apparatus is shut ofi" by an automatic valve provided in the passage of the liquid and controlled by several electromagnetic devices, (here called adjusting or controlling devices) the latter being designed so that the valve is made (or allowed) to open the passage only under joint action of all the adjusting devices. One of these adjusting devices is actuated by the lamp current and anotherone by the lamp voltage.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the current and voltage changes which take place in a device of the character herein set forth. Fig. 2 is a view in diagram illustrating the preferred embodiment of my present invention, and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the electric circuits of the same.

In these drawings Z indicates the quartz lamp with the electrodes 1), n. The lamp is suitably placed in the treating chamber so that, for instance if we assume the case of a water-sterilizer, the water to be sterilized is made to pass under the influence of the ultra-violet rays while being properly guided and mixed. 1' is a series resistance and k, k, the terminals for connection to the electric circuit.

As shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, 8 indicates an electromagnet in series with the lamp Z. The electromagnet 8,, upon being energized is adapted to close a circuit in shunt with the lamp Z, by means of the contacts a a this shunt circuit having connected in its circuit the solenoid s which flow will, of course, be at amaximum and the voltage between said poles will be at a minimum, or in other words, the voltage will be I to the ultra-violet rays.

' a working condition,

insufiicient to flow through the solenoid s and the contacts (1 and a the contacts a, and a, being in closed relation due to the energization of the electromagnet 8,,- After the liquid of the lamp Z has assumed its normal working condition, the electromagnet s,, will still be in an energized condition, hence the contacts (1 and (1 will be in closed relation and, due to the resistance of the lamp Z in suflicient current will pass through the solenoid s to operate the shutting device. Hence, it is thought to be obvious that in a device of the character herein set forth, it will be impossible for liquid to be sterilized to pass by the lamp Z, unless the lamp Z is in operation.

As to the shutting device in question one embodiment in the form of a conical valve is schematically shown in Fig. 2. The pipe I) for the raw liquid terminates in a valvechamber with two passages 0 and d. 0 is the admission pipe to the sterilizer D, whereas (Z serves as drain-pipe. The valve-stem j with the valve disk f leads through the stufling-box m and at w is connected with the armature o of soft iron. The armature 0 moves in the tube '0 of non-magnetic material, this one being surrounded by the coils S or s respectively. The iron yoke u and the plug 9 complete the magnetic circuit of the solenoids. f may either sit on it or 9, according to whether the valve stands under the influence of electric current or not. But, as the valve disk necessarily closes one of the pipes c or d the flow of the liquid can never be blocked. The opening 0 of the valve is connected to the, admission pipe A of the treating chamber D, which contains the lamp Z, and means for properly guiding the liquid to be treated and to expose it The raw liquid enters D at A and leaves it treated at B.

However under certain conditions it may be advisable to have the shutting device control the outlet B for the treated liquid and not, as shown in Fig. 3, the admission pipe for the raw liquid; in this case the opening 0 is connected toB.

The device described may, of course, not only be used in sterilizing water, but also in treating many kinds of liquid for different purposes, for instance milk, oil, opium, etc. Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: I

1. An apparatus for treatin liquids by ultra-violet rays comprising an e ectricvapor lamp as source of the ultra-violet rays and an automatic shutting device inserted in the passage of the liquid, adjusting devices electrically connected in series with said lamp and other adjusting devices electrically connected in shunt to said lamp, said shutting device being controlled by the joint action of said adjusting ting device and said adjusting dev ces being designed so that the shutting device is put into action only when said lamp is running and has reached a certain minimum voltage between its electrodes.

2. An apparatus for treating liquids by ultra-violet rays comprising an electric vapor lamp as source of the ultra-violet rays and an automatic shutting device inserted in the passage of said liquid operated by electrlc current, a pair of electromagnetlc adjusting devices, adapted to operate, by their joint action, said shutting device, the one of said adjusting devices being actuated by the lamp current and the other of the said adjusting devices being operated only when the current throu h the lamp reaches a certain voltage, said s utting device with said adjusting devices being-designed so that the passage of said liquid is closed as long as said lamp has not reached a certain current and a certain voltage between the electrodes.

3. An apparatus for treating liquids by ultra-violet rays having an electric vapor lamp as source of the ultra violet'rays and a chamber for treating said liquid by the ultra-violet rays, an automatic valve inserted in the passage of said liquid and comprising a plurality of adjusting devices for operating said valve, one of these adjusting devices being electrically connected in series with said lamp and another of these adjusting devices being electrically connected in shunt to said lamp, an automatic circuit closer operated by the lamp current and controlling the shunt circuit of said other adjusting device, said automatic valve being designed so that, under the joint, action of said adjustin devices, it opens said passage of said llquid only when the lamp has reached a certain current and a certain lamp voltage, whereas when the lamp is not running said circuit closer prevents said passage of said liquid from being opened by said valve.

4. An apparatus for treating liquids by ultra-violet rays, having an electric vapor lamp as source of ultra-violet rays and a treating chamber where said liquid is exposed to the ultraviolet rays, an automatic valve inserted in the passage of said liquid, I

an electromagnet connected in shunt to said lamp adapted to operate said automatic valve, an automatic circuit closer, an electromagnet operating said circuit closer and 'being designed so that the valve opens the passage of said liquid only when said lamp has reached a certain minimum voltage between its electrodes and that the circuit of the electromagnet operating said valve isby said automatic circuit closer closedonly as long as the lamp is running.

. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DR. JOSEPH CHARLES POLE.

Witnesses:

JOHN HEWITE, JoHANN FLEISCHMANN.