US1316329A

US1316329A - Door-lock

Info

Publication number: US1316329A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 1936-09-16

Description

O.'C. RIXSON.

DOOR LOCK. APPLICATION FILED APR. 16, 1919.

Patented Se pt. -16, 1919.

1,11, 'IIIIIIII WITNESS; I INVENTOR. v Q mmakw w- 4'3 BY I A-TTORNEYJ OSCAR G. RIXSON', OF NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

DOOR-LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 16, 1919.

Application filed April 16, 1919. Serial No. 290,511.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR C. RIxsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Rochelle, in the county of VVestohester and State of New York, have im'ented certain new and useful Improvements in Door- Locks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to door locks and pertains more particularly to the kind of lock that is used on intercommunicating doors, such doors, for instance, as are located between adjacent rooms in a hotel or ofiice building where it becomes desirable for a party in either room to lock the intervening door against the other. Such locks are usually provided with a spring latch which can be operated from either side by the usual knobs and with two bolts which can be operated from each side, respectively, by means of rotatin handles or thumb pieces. The handles ena le the occupants of each room to throw the respective bolts to looking and unlocking position, and since one bolt is suflicient to lock the door, both bolts must be in their withdrawn position to unlock the door. In order to prevent the thrusting back of these bolts by means of an instrument passed between the edge of the door and the door frame, a dead-locking device has been provided to be operated by a suitable key mechanism associated with the lock and which is actuated by the superintendent or other officer of the building who may be in possession of the key. This prevents the opening of the door through connivance of the occupants of the two rooms. A feature of my present invention consists in the provision of a deadlocking device which not only operates upon the two bolts mentioned, but also upon the spring latch which is ordinarily under control of the knobs, the latch bolt then becoming a locking bolt which increases the security of the lock as a whole. A furtheradvantage in deadlocking the latch bolt against any movement of the knobs isin the satisfaction which it gives the occupant of the room who learns at once upon trying the knob and finding it immovable, that the door is securely locked. It is also a feature of my invention to provide a key mechanism in association with the lock for actuating the deadlocking device described, which key mechanism is accessible or operable from either side of the door. In other words, I

incorporate with the mortise lock a pin.

tumbler lock having a key passage extending entirely through it and provided with a key so designed with respect to the pin tumblers that the key can be inserted in either direction or from either side of the door to operate the lock. My invention also com prehends certain other details, all of which will be fully set forth in the following specification and claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 shows an interior view in elevation of the complete lock, the lock casing being shown in vertical section;

Fig. 2 is a section through the lock and a portion of the door in which it is inserted, the section being along an 'irregular horizontal line;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation partially in setion of the pin tumbler lock;

Fig. 4 is a plan of the same, with the rollback omitted Fig. 5 shows face and edge views of the roll-back;

Fig. 6 is a detail of spring detent for the bolts:

Fig. 7 is a section on line ww of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 8 is a plan of one pattern of key that may be used in the pin tumbler lock.

The lock casing is indicated by 1, its face plate by 2, and thecap or cover by 3. The latter is held in engagement with the casing by two screws which are threaded respectively into the, post 4 and lug 5 carried by the casing. 6 represents the ordinary spring latch bolt normally held outward by a spring 7 surrounding a tail piece 8 attached to the head of the bolt, but which is adapted to be forced inward by contact with the strike plate when the door closes, or pulled inward in opening the door by means of the roll-back 9 which is operated by the usual knobs and which impinges against a slide 10, which in turn pushes a cross head 11 carried by the tail .rod, rearward, the slide being returned to its normal position by a spring 12. In the upper part of the casing are shown two bolts 13 and 14 which work through a single opening 1n the face plate. These bolts have offset tall pieces 15 and 16 which at their rear ends are parallel and counterparts of each other in shape. The tail piece 15 is provlded with an upstanding lug 17 and directly opposite this lug the tail piece 16 has a similar upstanding lug 18. At the rear end of tail piece 15 it is provided with a shouldered notch 19 which is directly in line with a similar notch at the extremity of the tail piece 16. In each of these notches an independently controlled roll-back is adapted to play in order to project and withdraw the respective bolts. One of these roll-backs 20 only, is shown, its hubs 21 being supposed to be connected with a rotating handle or thumb piece exposed on one escutcheon of the lock, while the handle for the other is exposed on the escutcheon on the opposite side of the door. On an upward projection at the end of each tail piece are formed two arcuate seats 22 and 23, corresponding seats on each tail piece being in line with each other so that a short roller 24 bridging cross the two tail pieces will rest against and in the corresponding curved seats therein. This roller is held against the two seats by a single spring 25 and is prevented from being forced out of operative position by two guards or lugs 26 and 27 attached to the casing. When the roller engages the tail pieces in the position shown in Fig. 1, both bolts are held in their withdrawn position, but by applying force to either bolt through its corresponding rollback 20, the roller will be thrust or rolled outward slightly against the spring to allow the bolt to move forward and when the next seat 23 of the particular bolt in motion is presented to the roller, the latter will engage with that seat and detain the particular bolt in its projected position while at the same time retaining the stationary bolt in its withdrawn position. will therefore be seen that this detent device is elfective in connection with both bolts regardless of the particular relative position they may be occupynig at any time.

The forward portions of the two tail pieces 15 and 16 are separated or off-set from each other, as indicated in Fig. 7, to accommodate a deadlocking pawl 28 between them. This pawl is provided at its upper end, which rises above the lugs 17 and 18,.with a cross-head 29, which, upon the lowering of the pawl will stand in front of or behind the lugs 17 and 18 preventing the bolts 13 and 14 from moving outward or inward as the case may be. The lower end of the pawl is curved andreaches to aposition immediately above andslightly behind the head of the latch bolt 6 and is there provided with a head 30 which is guided vertically between lugs 31 and 32 attached to the casing. The upper end of the pawl is likewise guided between a flat face on the lug 5 and the'lug 33, under which guides the pawl is permitted to move vertically.

. 34 is a bell crank pivoted to the casing at that illustrated.

with a finger 38 which is held in either of' two positions by a hump on a spring blade 39, thelimit of movement of the bell crank being determined in one direction by a stop pin 40 and in the other by the limited movement of the pawl. The lug 5 serves the ad .ditional functions of guiding the. two bolts 13 and 14 and also as a stop for the rollbacks 20 when in the opposite position to The bell crank 34 is also provided with a forked arm 41, the members of which are adapted to be alternately struck by a roll-back operated by the key mechanism which will now be described. 42 represents the frame of a pin tumbler lock, said frame being cylindrical and having an upward extension 43 in which a series of pin tumblers 44 are housed. Within the frame is located a rotatable plug 45 having a key passage 46 extending entirely therethrou-gh and adapted to receive a key from either end. The pin tumblers are, as usual, arranged in the same plane, which plane also includes the key passage 46, and they are parallel to each other, Each pin tumbler consists, as usual of two or more bolts orpins urged downward by a spring, the function of the key being to so adjust each set of pins that a joint between them will coincide with the joint between the plug and the casing, thereby permitting the plug to rotate. 47 is a roll-back or cam carried by the plug 45 and consisting of a collar having a finger projecting therefrom as shown in Fig. 5, the cam being fixed to the plug by means of a pin 48. The purpose of rotating the plug is to throw this roll-back around to engage and operate the mechanism of the main look. This key mechanism is made of a length over all corresponding substantially to the thickness of the mortise lock and the mortise'lock is provided with two openings 49, 50 in the casing 1 and cover 3, respectively, and directly opposite each other in which the pin tumbler is seated, the extremities of the latter lock occupying the said opening and presenting the open key passage 46 on each face of the mortise lock.

The pin tumbler lock when mounted in this way may be made a permanent part of the mortise lock and is therefore removable with the mortise look from the mortise in the door, which differentiates from the usual type of pin tumbler lock which projects tumbler lock associated with a mortise lock in this way, I propose to use escutcheons 51 and 52 on the opposite faces of the door, each of which is provided with a rotary member 53 "containing akey passage lined up With the key passage lb of the lock, the members 53 being connected in this position with the rotary plug 45 by means of pins or screws 54: passing from the members 53 into the holes 55 (Fig. 1) of the plug. With the key mechanism inserted in this manner within the mortise lock, the rotation of the plug 45 by means of a key will cause the roll-back 47 to swing in the path indicated by the circular dotted line in Fig. 1, which will cause'the roll-back to strike one or the other members of the fork 41 on the bell crank 34: and thus move the pawl up or down. From this it will be seen that the superintendent or other oflicer of the building. who would ordinarily be in possession of the key to operate this lock, will be able to throw the bolts 13 and 14, one or both, outward by means of the handles connected thereto and then with the key he can lock the bell crank 34 and throw the pawl 28 downward, bringing its head 30 behind the head of the latch bolt 6 and its cross head 29 behind the lugs 17 and 18, one or both, to deadlock the said bolts in their projected position, which condition neither of the occupants of the two rooms will be able to disturb, and both of said occupants will be keenly apprised of the fact that the door is locked because of the failure of the knob to turn. It is desirable to be able to manipulate the key mechanism from either side of the door because in case only one of the communicating rooms is occupied, the key can be used in the other room and thus avoid disturbing the guest in the occupied room. For other obvious reasons, also, it is desirable to be able to manipulate the lock from either side of the door, and this desideratum is afiorded by the pin tumbler and lock and key constructed in the peculiar manner hereinafter described.

In order to operate a pin tumbler lock in which thetumblers are arranged parallel to each other and the same plane, from either side of the door, it is necessary to out two sets of groups of notches on the edge of the key and arrange the tumblers in such a manner that one or both groups of notches in the key will properly set the tumblers regardless of which side of the door the key is entered. The lock as constructed by me is of the size which usually carries five tumblers, but I have omitted one of the intermediate tumblers to provide a place for the roll-back 47, which therefore occupies a transverse 'plane intersecting the series of tumblers. With the roll-back thus located the ends of the lock, which occupy the openings 49 and 50 in the casing of the mortise look can each be utilized to accommodate a tumbler and I am thereby able to use a suflicient number of tumblers to obtain the required security. With the arrangement of tumblers shown, and the accompanying design of key shown in Fig. 8, it will be seen that if the key is inserted from the righthand side of the lock (Fig. 3), the notches a, b and c of the key will set the first three tumblers while the notch a will set the last tumbler, the notch b of the key not being utilized, and the plug 45 can then be rotated. On the other hand, if the key is inserted from the left hand side of the lock, the notch a will set the first tumbler to the left and the notches c, b, and a will set the other three tumblers, thus also enabling the plug to be rotated. Obviously the tumblers can be differently disposed along the key passage. There can, for instance, be two on each side of the center, or there may be two or three on one side of the center and none at all on the other. In the latter case, v the key would still have two groups of notches, one group near the handle to come into use when the key is inserted at that end of the passage adjacent to which the tumblers are located, and the other at the extremity of the key to engage the same set of tumblers which the key must then reach i when inserted from the opposite side. My invention therefore extends to any design ofhitting along one edge of a key and any arrangement of tumblers in a row and parallel to each other which will cotiperate with said hitting when the key is inserted at either end of the key passage, to release the key plug.

I claim:

1.,A lock having a single series of pin tumblers arranged parallel to each other and in the same plane, and a rotary plug having a key passage extending entirely therethrough, in combination with a key having a single line of hitting adapted to coiiperate with the tumblers to operate the look when the key enters either end of the passage.

2. A lock having a series of pin tumblers arranged parallel to each other and in the same plane. a rotary plug having a key passage extending. entirely therethrough, and a roll-back carried by the plug and arranged in a plane intersecting the series of pin tumblers, in combination with a key adapted to enter either end of the passage and coppelrate with the tumblers to operate the 3. A lock having a series of pin tumblers arranged parallel to each other and in the same plane and a rotary plug having a key passage extending entirely therethrou h, in combination with a key having a series of notches on one edge which are arranged in two groups each group being adapted to cooperate With two difierent group of the 0 series of tumblers depending upon the direction in which the key is inserted in the passage.

l. A look having a plurality of pin tumblers arranged parallel to each other and in the same plane and a rotary plug having a key passage extending entirely therethrough, in combination with a key having a series of notches on one edge arranged in two groups, one group being adapted to cooperate with the tumblers when the key is inserted at one end of the passage and the other group adapted to cooperate with the tumblers when the key is inserted at the opposite end of the passage.

5. In a door lock, the combination of a spring latch bolt and two handle-operated bolts adapted to be thrown from opposite sides of the door respectively with a dead locking pawl adapted to simultaneously engage the latch bolt and either or both 0 the handle bolts. I V

6. In a door lock, the combination of a spring latch bolt and two handle-operated bolts adapted to be thrown from opposite sides of the door respectively with a dead locking pawl adapted to simultaneously engage the latch bolt and either or both of the handle bolts, and a key mechanism for actuating said pawl.

7. In a door lock, the combination of a spring latch bolt, a handle operated bolt and a dead locking pawl adapted to engage both of said bolts, with a key mechanism for actuating the dead-locking pawl.

8. In a lock, the combination of a pair of bolts and detent means therefor comprising two arcuate seats in each bolt spaced apart the distance of the travel of the bolts and a roller adapted to rest simultaneously in either one of the seats in each bolt, :1 spring for holding the roller in the seats, and guards for holding the roller in operative position.

In witness whereof, I subscribe my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

OSCAR C. RIXSON.

Witnesses GEORGE PARIoT, MILDRED BERRY.