US1315936A

US1315936A - Vincent g

Info

Publication number: US1315936A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 1936-09-16

Description

V. G; -APPLE. METHOD OF COWSTRUCTING ARMATURES-AND THE LIKE FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

AEPL'ICATION F ILED mzc.a'o. 191s. 1,315,93 PatentedSept. 16,1919.

v. 6. APPLE. METHOD OF consraucrme ARMATURES AND meme FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

' APPLICATION FILED DEC- 30, 1916- 1 ,3 1 5 ,936 Patented Sept. 16, 1919.

q 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

mum u I VINCENT G. APPLE, 0F DAYTON, OHIO.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING ARMATURES AND THE LIKE FOR DYNAMO- ELECTRIC Specification of Letters Patent.

MACHINES.

Patented Sept. 16, 1919.

application filed December 30,1916. Serial No. 139,753.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VINCENT G. APPLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Constructing Armaturesand the like for Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following 'is a specification.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a new, useful and economical method of constructing armatures, and stators of dynamo-electric machines, whereby to so thoroughly insulate the inductive conductors thereof as to substantially eliminate the danger of destruction by short circuiting of the conductors with themselves,

or with the core.

Another object of my invention is to build up the core of relatively short segments of suitable laminae, or' complete circumferen- I tially-extending rings around theconducthereof. Furthermore, to similarly cement the previously insulated conductors to the tors, and varnish or cover the laminae, preferably, as they are applied, with a suitable liquid,-cementitious, insulating material, such as bakelite, which becomes hardened and adhesive, afterbeing heated to suitable temperatures, so as to thereby hold the composite, laminae in intimate, substantial contact with each other, to constitute a rugged, stable self supporting core structure, without requiring additional supports, and whereby-the conductors are so firmly held within the core structure as to prevent any relative movement or' displacement surfaces of the core, through which they extend, by use of the same or similar cement ing material, which may be applied to the previously insulated conductors in liquid orm at the same time as to the segments,

during'the building up process, or-by the excessivecementing material which may flow into the crevices or openings around the con ductors at the time when thecore laminaeare being pressed together.

' Another object of my invention is the provision of a machine for carrying my method into effect.

Other and further objects of my inventionwill become readily apparent, to persons skilled in the art, from a consideration of the following description when taken in conjunction with the drawings, wherein Figure 1 is an elevation of a machine showing an armature being built up and showing parts of the structure in cross sectlon. I

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on line 2-2 of Fig.1.

, may be straight copper bars, or hairpin form of conductors that are to be inserted in the openings 7, which may be slots or perforations, of the core 8. I prefer to then cover the conductors with a fibrous absorbent separatoror coating of insulating material which may be impregnated with a liquid insulation, such as bakelite or other similar heat hardening insulation 9, preferably compacted and heated to harden the cement and cover+ ing to produce a good" electric insulator, thereof, leaving, preferably, the bare ends 10 and 11, which are to be connected together or connected to commutator segments, free of the insulating material referred to. I then preferably build up the core 8 around the previously insulated conductors by application of laminae or segments provided with registering openings or slots 7.

As one manner'of building the structure and for convenience of construction I prowas perforations around its periphery, similar in kind and number to the perforations 7, and adapted to register therewith, and into these perforations 1-5, I place the conductors '5 and 6 in upright position, in the same relative positions they will occupy in the completed armature or stator. The-perforations 15. extend around the periphery of and through the block 14, and are of the same general form and shape as the perforations 7 in the rings or segments12 and are the same in number as in the completed armature and register therewith. The uncoated endsof the conductors 5 and 6 are placed in the perforations 15 in the block 14, the lower ends of the conductors coming in contact with the upper surface of another underlying block 16 so that the lower and upper ends of the conductors are in the same respective transverse planes. The thickness of the block 14 is just sufficient to permit the uncovered surfaces of the conductors 5 and 6 to enter therein leaving coating 9, of the conductors to begin at approximately the upper surface of the block 1%. The block 16 is preferably rotatable for convenience of placing the laminae on the conductors and is located upon a ram 17 of a cylinder 18, of a hydraulic press. The frame 19 carries upon its upper end, an anvil or abutment 20, which is likewise perforated, as at 21, to admit the upper ends of the conductors 5 and 6, when the rings or segments are being pressed together by the instrumentality of the vertically movable piston or ram 17 of the press. When the conductors are placed in the positions shown, the rings or segments are threaded over the conductors and preferably-just before, or, as they are threaded over the conductors, in their respective positions, they are coated with a liquid, cementitious, insulating material, such as bakelite, or the like, which hardens and becomes adhesive, after the application of heat, and which thereby produces a. self supporting structure. The seg ments 12 are placed in circumferential se quential series, as shown in Fig. 3, and are preferably of uniform size. between adjacent segments when segments are used to compose a ring, are broken or circumferentially spacedapart from the joints 23, of the ring immediately adjacent. After the core has been built up, as shown in Fig. 1, by threading the rings or segments in circumferential sequence over the bars, until sufiicient thickness of core has been thus constructed, of greater linear dimensions than the final dimensions of the core, to allow for a certain amount of contraction, by the pressure to which the laminae of which the core is made, are to be subsevquently subjected, pressure is applied.

Near the lower end of the cylinder 18 of the hydraulic press is a pipe 24, for the in-' troduction of a fluid under pressure, into the cylinder,below the ram 17. A globe valve 25 controls the motive fluid. When the core has been built up in the manner described, the valve 25 is opened, which controls the motive fluid and causes the ram 17 to be raised in a vertical direction and thereby causing the conductors 5 and 6 to enter the respective perforations 21, in the abutment 20, of the press. Thus pressure will be applied in an axial direction to the members of the core, and cause them to adhere with each other, and will express the surplus amount of adhmive. liquid, that has previously been applied to the laminae,

The joints 22,

causing a part thereof to pass into the perforations 7 surrounding the conductors and to fill up spaces 13 in said perforations. After the core has been thus compressed, to the desired extent, with the core, of the proper linear dimensions, heat is applied to the structure as by closing the oven doors 2'? and 28, shown in Fig. 1, and in open positions in Fig. 2, in dotted lines. These doors are hinged to a vertically extending bar 29, as at 30 and 31, respectively. A latch 26 holds the doors in their closed positions.

Located in the annular space, between the block or table 11, and the

doors

27 and 28, is a gas burner 32 to which gas or other fuel may be fed, through the pi pe The gas burner is then lighted and. the armature structure ieretofore described is thus baked while under pressure. After the baking process the liquid insulating cement becomes hardened and holds the parts of the self supporting structure in their proper relations without the necessity for further holding means. It also serves to cement the conductors 5 and 6 firmly in place with the core so there can be no relative movement between the conductors and the core, or between the conductors themselves, and therefore the insulating material, with which the conductors were previously coated unites with the subsequently applied liquid cement, thus securely securing the conductors by a surrounding cushioning insulation.

After the structure described has been compressed, in the manner heretofore polnted out, the parts may be temporarily held in any suitable manner and the structure removed from the press and heated in an entirely different oven, if desired, so that the press may, in this way, be maintained in use for a longer period of time or, in other Words, to be used to build up other structures while the previously formed structures 2 are being 'baked in cheaper ovens, or the conductors maybe heated by electric current or the entire structure may be heated by a draft of heated air, or otherwise.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. The method of building self supporting inductive structures for dynamo electric ma chines, which consists in inclosing the core- -covered portions of each conductor with an core-covered portions of each said conductor, with an insulating absorbent separator and cementing the conductors in openings withplication of heat applying pressure to the core, and while under pressure, heating said structure to harden the cement.

3. The method of building self supporting inductive laminated structures for dynamo electric machines, which consists in inclosing the core-covered portions of each conductor with a coating of insulating material saturating said coating with an insulating cement of the same character as that used between the laminae and cementing the con ductois 'in openings within said core and the core laminrc together with a liquid cement which hardens by application of heat,

and heating the liquid cement.

4. The method of building self supporting inductive structures for dynamo electric machines which consists in inclosing the core covered portion of each said conductor with a separating coating of insulating material; embedding the coated portion ofsaid conductors in openings provided in a suitable laminated core; filling in between said conductor coatings and the Wall of said openings and between the laminations With a liquid cement which hardens by application of heat, then applying heat to harden said cement.

5. The method of building inductive structures for dynamo electric machines, which consists in coating portions of each of a series of conductors, to be inclosed within the core, with an insulating covering; stacking. said conductors in the positions they will occupy in the completed struc ture; threading over said conductors, thin segments of magnetically-inductive material in circumferential sequence, to form rings; applying a liquid-cement, which hardens by application of heat, to said segments; applying pressure, to said composite core thus made, to express the excessive cement-and to bringthe segments into substantially intimate contact with each other, and heating the structure to harden the cement.

6. A method ofbuilding self supporting cores of magnetic material for inductors of dynamo electric machines which consists in applying a cementitious material directly tothe adjacent sides of magnetic laminations composing the core; temporarily supporting the laminae in axial positions they will occupy when the core is completed; placing conductors on said core; applying pressure to axially compress the'laminae to dimensions required, thereby forcing out the ductors; heating the structure: whilepnder pressure, to harden the cement;.mamtainstructures for dynamo electric machines which consists in applying cementitious material to the adjacent sides of the laminae composing the core; stacking the laminae, each having a series of openings toreceive conductors; supporting the laminae in axial positions they will occupy when the structure is completed; causing registration of the openings by insertion of the conductors; applying pressure to axially compress the laminae to the dimensions required; heating the structure While under pressure, to harden the cement; maintaining the pressure until the structure becomes cool and removing the temporary supports.

8. An armature core'comprising a series of impenetrable laminae having registering spacedapart wire-receiving openings near their peripheral edges; conductors cemented'in said openings; heat resist-ing cement adhesively securing together adjacent laminae to render the core self supporting.

9. The method of constructing dynamo structures, of the character described, which consists in covering the core-inclosed portions of the conductors with a coating of ductors with a liquid cement that becomes hardened after the application of heat, at a relatively low temperature; applying pressure to aXial-ly contract the core and heating the core.

10. The method of building inductive structures for dynamo electric machines, which consists in covering core-contained portions of the inductive conductors with fibrous material-impregnated with a liquid cement which handens by) application of heat; compressing said covering to compact it; heating the cement to harden it; introducing the conductors so prepared into openings in a suitable core; applying a liquid cement to fill the interstices between said conductors and the boundaries of said openings and heating the structure to harden the li uid cement.

i '11. .he method of building self supporting armatures which consists in cementing the core laminae together and cementing the conductors to the core, then applying heat 7 toharden the cement. excessive cement into contact with said conopenings registeringi conductors in said openings. means cementing said conductors and laminaetogether to thereby make a self supporting armature without requiring fur ther means of support.

13. lhe method of building selt supporting armature cores which consists in superficially coating a series of armature cor-e lamina with cement that hardens by application of heat and is sutliciently strong to constitute the sole binding means for holding the laminae together; compacting the laminze and heating the structure to harden the cement.

1'-'l-. The method of building self supporting' armature cores which consists in superficially coating a series of armature core laminze with cement that hardens by application of heat and is suiticiently strong to constitute the sole binding means for hold ing the laminze together; compacting the lamina) and heating the structure to a temperature higher than thatattained by the core in its normal operation, to harden the cement.

15. The method of building self supporting armature cores which consists in superficially coating a series of core laminae of substantially uniform thickness, with cement that hardens by application of heat and is sufficiently strong to. constitute the sole binding means for holding the laminae together; arranging the laminae in axial almement; compacting the lammaz; heating the lamina: to a temperature above that non mally attained by the core in use, to harden the cement and removing all supporting means from the structure when the cement hat-dens.

16. The method of building self-supporting armature cores which consists in superficially coating the lamina with a cement that hardens by application of heat and is sufliciently strong to constitute the sole binding means for holding the laminzr together; arranging the l-aminatioi'is in circum'lerential and axial register; cmnpactmg the lammzc to predetermined dimen- 'sions; heating the structure to a temperature above that normally attained by the core in use and removing the temporary supports from the structure.

17. A seli supporting armature comprising a series of laminae of substantially uniform thickness cemented together with a cement ivhereby to make and maintain a self supporting core without end plate or bolt sup- In testin'iony whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VINCENT G. APPLE In the presence of- E. V. MARTIN, F. W. CQTTERMAN.