US1315827A

US1315827A - Electrical apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1315827A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 1936-09-09

Description

J. J. FRANK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15, 19m.

' fitented Sept. 9, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

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' Inventor-z ohnJFr-ank,

J. J. FRANK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15,I916.

1 ,8 1 5,827. Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor John J .Fr'ank H is fitt orneg.

UNIT D STATES PAEENT onrrcn.

JOHN J. FRANK, OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN J- FRANK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsfield, county of Berkshire, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new useful Improvements in Electrical Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical ap aratus, particularly to the cores thereof, ut'

it is especially applicable to transformers in cluding under that term those devices which are closely analogous to transformers such as auto-transformers, some reactances, etc. The object of my invention is to provide for readily lifting such devices.

For-the sake of simplicity I shall confine the description of my invention to transformers. The magnetic cores of transformersare commonly rectangular in shape, the windings being carried about two or more of the legs thereof and the legs being joined at their ends by yokes. The laminations of such transformers commonly comprise each a plurality of sections with abutting edges so that each lamination forms a complete magnetic circuit with butt joints.

ilc my invention is applicable to other types of constructions such as that wherein each lamination may be regarded as formed of a plurality of sections overla' ping each other at their ends, I shall con ne my description to the first mentioned type which is perhaps more common and to which t e my invention is particularly designed to applied. y invention comprises broadly so designing and locating the lamination Sections that each core leg, or at least certain legs of each core, comprises a plurality of lamination sections extending well toward the bottom of the transformer core from so near the top thereof as to be enaged with or to be directly acted upon by devices through which the transformer is lifted and which are located at the top of the transformer core. Preferably" this lifting means includes the upper core clamps. Suitable bottom core clamps may be used. By this construction a mechanically strong core is produced, the lifting devices may be readily applied, and while the lifting device may be substantially similar to those prior to my invention, there is little or no tendency for the stresses to which the laminations are subjected when the transformer 1s lifted from the very top of the core to disturb the core joints as heretofore. It is even possible in some cases to omit the bolts heretofore necessary to fasten the upper and lower core clamps together.

In the accompanyin following description described two preferred embodiments of my invention. Figure l is a perspective view of a simple form of transformer embodying my invention; Fig. 2 illustrates the arrangement of the laminations of the transformer of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a transformer core, the legs beingzof the cruciform type.

eferring first to Fig. 1: The core is generally rectangular in shape and comprises two vertical leg portions 5 and 6 joined at their top and ottom ends by the yokes 7 and 8. Adjacent the top and bottom ends drawings and in the have illustrated and of the legs 5 and 6 the core is provided with recesses for receiving the square bolts 9 and 10. The shape, dispositions and locations of these recesses appear more clearly in Fig. 2. The top clamping bolts 9, together with the clamping beams or members 12, comprise the complete core clamps for the upper portion of the core. Likewise, the lower clamping bolts 10 and clamping beams or member'13 comprise the lowencore clamps. Attached to the upper clamping members 12 and therethrough to the clamping bolts 9 are the 'rods 15 provided with eyes 16 or other suitable devices whereby the transformer islifted.

Fig. 2 shows a number of laminations of the transformer of Fig. 1 separated from each other but otherwise as arranged in that transformer; the other laminations are similar to those shown and their arrangement is similar to the arrangement of those illustrated. Each lamination consists of a long le section 20 which is so long as to be provided with both the clamping bolt receiving recesses 21 adjacent that leg and thereby embrace both the. upper and lower core clamping bolts 9 and 10 adjacent thatdeg. The other leg section 22 of that lamination is shorter, as illustrated, and the lamination is completed lg! the upper and loweryoke sections 23 an 24 respectively, which butt against the side edge of the long lamination 20 and the end edges of the short lamination 22. Gorrespondingly, these

yoke sections

23 and 24 receive the bolt receiving-recesses 21 for the second leg of the core. This'arrangement of lamination sections provides a lamination forming a complete magnetic circuit with butt joints. In the transformer illustrated each lamination is made up of such sections similarly arranged with respect to each other. The laminations, however, are alternately reversed as will be apparent from Fig. 1 and more clearly so from Fig. *2. This reversal is such that the long section 20 of one lamination lies flat against the other section 22 of the adjacent lamination. By this means the joints of the laminations are broken but in addition, and what is the important part of my invention, each leg of the transformer core is provided with a number of long lamination sections 20 extending completely through that leg and embracing both of the clamping bolts adjacent that leg. The lifting devices for the transformer, the rods 15, are preferably attached to the upper clampin ,devices for various reasons, and it will be 0 served that by the construction just described, whereby a plurality of le s of the core are provided with sections w ich extend from so near the top of the core as to be within the direct range of action of the upper clamping devices to substantially the lower end of the core, no detrimental eirects, such as disturbing the joints in the laminations, are experienced when the transformer is lifted by such lifting devices. While from one aspect it is immaterial to my invention whether the lower core clamping device is similar to the upper core clamping device, it is better from a construction view point and for standardization that they be substantially alike.

In transformers as heretofore constructed, when lifting devices as the rods 15 were applied to the upper core clamping members only, it has been necessary substantially al.- ways, in order to secure a stron and rugged construction, to employ rods lie 26 joining the top and bottom core clamping members. Without these rods there existed considerable danger of pulling the lamination sections apart at least sufficiently to affect the magnetic action of the core. In fact, it has been found that not even the use of these rods 26 is suflicient in all cases to insure the disruption of the core to some extent. By em )loying my invention, however, these ro s in many cases may be omitted, but if desired they may be retained as in the case illustrated, as additional connections between the upper and lower parts of the core.

In Fig. 3 I have illustrated an application of my invention to a transformer with the cruciform type of core legs. This cruciform type of'core leg is often desirable since it secures a more nearly circular cross-sec tion of core leg and hence utilizes the space within the windings to better advantage. It will be observed that only the inner section games? 30 of this core is provided with the clamping bolt receivin recesses at the top and bottom ends of the figs; the laminations of this section are like those of Fig. 2 and similarly disposed. The outer'sections 31 are held in place similarly by the clamping members or beams 32 which are compressed by the clamping bolts 33 as before. Preferably the various laminations of these outer sections 31 are likewise made up on long and short leg sections and two yoke sections as illustrated in Fig. 2. Vlule this is but one modification to which my invention as before described is subject, it illustrates something of the extent of my invention. It will be observed that in this core, while not all of the laminations provide leg sections which embrace both the upper and lower clamping bolts of a single leg, each leg comprises a plurality of lamination sections which emrace both clamping bolts adjacent thereto.

. \VhileT have illustrated each lamination reversed with respect to the adjacent lamination, it will be understood that this arrangement is subject to considerable modification without departing from my invention and that in general while I have described the principle of my invention and the best mode I have contemplated for applying this principle, other modifications will occur to those skilled in the art "and I aim in the appended claims to cover all modifications which do not involve a departure from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. In electrical apparatus, the combination with top and bottom core clamping bolts, of means attached to the top clamping bolts for lifting the apparatus, and a laminated core comprising yoke and leg portions provided'with laterally forincd recesses ad acent the top and bottom ends of predetermined legs for receiving and retaining said clamping bolts.

2. In electrical apparatus, the combination with top and bottom core clamping bolts, of means attached to the top clamping bolts for lifting the apparatus, and a laminated core comprising yoke and leg portions provided With laterally formed 'recesscs adjacent the top and bottom ends of predetermined legs for receiving said clamping bolts, each lamination being composed of a plurality of sections one of which has its recesses embracing both the upper and lower clampin bolts adjacent a single leg.

3. The combination with a laminated core for electrical apparatus comprising yoke and leg portions assembled from a plurality of the laminations each composed of a'plurality of sections, said laminations each being arranged to provide a section extending through a leg of the core from substantially the upper end of the core to substantially the lower end thereof, of means for lifting said core acting on said core through the upper ends of said leg sections.

4. In electrical apparatus, the combina tion with top core clamping bolts, means for clamping the lower portion of the core, and means attached to the top clamping bolts for lifting the apparatus, of a laminated core comprising yoke and leg portions and provided with recesses adjacent the top. ends of certain legs thereof for receiving said clamping bolts, a plurality of the laminations comprising-each a plurality of sections butt jointed together to form a com plete magnetic circuit and each providing a section embracing an upper clamping bolt and extending into said lower clamping means.

5. In electrical apparatus, the combination with top core clamping bolts, means for clamping the lower portion of the core, and means attached to the top clamping bolts for lifting the apparatus, of a laminated core comprising yoke and leg portions and provided with recesses ad acent the top ends of certain legs thereof for receiving said clamping bolts, a plurality of the laminations comprising each a plurality of sections butt jointed together to form a complete magnetic circuit, some of said laminations providing each a section embracin an upper clamping bolt adjacent a leg and other of said laminations providing each a section embracing an upper clamping bolt adjacent another-leg of the core, said sections extending into said lower clamping means. 1

6. In electrical apparatus, the combination with a laminated core comprising yoke tion with a laminate an dleg' portions and provided with bolt re- 40 celvitig recesses adjacent the upper and lower ends of certain legs thereof, a plw rality of the laminations thereof comprising each a long leg section having upper and lower bolt receiving recesses, a short leg section and two yoke sections abutting against a side of the long leg section and the ends of the short leg section, some of said laminations being reversed with respect to others thereof to provide long leg sections in each of a plurality of the legs of said core, of clamping members extending along the sides of said yokes and bolts passing through said recesses clamping said members to the core. I

7. In electrical apparatus, the combinacore comprising yoke and leg portions and provided with bolt receiving recesses adjacent the up er and lower ends of certain legs thereo a plu- 'rality of the laminations thereof comprising each a long leg section having 11 per and lower bolt receiving recesses, a s ort leg section and two yoke sections abutting against a side of the long leg section and the ends of the short leg section, some of said laminations being reversed with respect to others thereof ,to provide long leg sections in each of a plurality of the legs of said core, of clamping members extending along the sides of said yokes and bolts passing through said recesses clamping said members to the core, and means attached to the upper clamping members for lifting the ap aratus.

n witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 11th day of April, 1916.

' JOHN J. FRANK.