US1311942A - aldridge and h - Google Patents

Description

A. ALDRIDGE AND H. TERHUNE. `ELECTROMAGNEICALLY CONTROLLED BOARD DROP HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 30. IDH.

A. ALDRIDGE'AND H. TERHUNE. ELECTROMAGNETICALLY CONTROLLED BOARD DROP HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-30, |917. 1 ,3 1 1 ,942. Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIcE.

ARTHUR ALDRIDGR AND HOWARD TERHUNE, or CHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIeNoRs To CHAMBRRSBURG ENGINEERING COMPANY, or CHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION or PENNSYLVANIA.

y I To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, ARTHUR ALDRIDGE and HOWARD TERHUNE, citizens of the United of the parts required to secure roll move .ment and maintain the rolls in engagement with the board.I

A further purpose is to rovide gravity releasefor the rolls instead o gravity setting thereof, reducing the weight of parts required and throwing the rolls to released position in case of failure of the roll-setting mechanism.

A ,further purpose is to. provide interchangeably for brush actuated contact or positive switch throlw to make and break the contacts to energize and denergize the electromagnetic clutch operating mechanism.

4A further purpose is to use a solenoidal I electromagnetic resilient pull for the initial movement and major part of vthe clutch setl LE)ting throw of the board engaging rolls and to supplement the solenoidal pull of an electromagnet at the end of the stroke'in order to make the engagement of the rolls with the board more positive. In this connection we cause compression of a releasing spring during the setting movement of the solenoid and use this spring to assist in quick release of the rolls from the board when the current is Withdrawn. j A

' A further purpose is to combine solenoidal and electromagnetic `pull and retention of the rolls in their setting engagement with the' board and to combine spring and gravity operation for the release when the lelectric current is cut off. y

Further purposes will appear in the speciication and in the claims thereof.

Our invention contemplates the methods involved as well as the apparatus in connection with which the methods are explained.

Ve have preferred to illustrate our in- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application led October 30, 1917.

ELECTROMAGN'ETICALLY-CONTBOLLED BOARD DROP-HAMMER.

Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

serial No. 199,259.

vention by but one form, selecting for the purpose a form which in use has proved to be practical, elicient and inexpensive, and which at the same time well illustrates the principles of our invention. l

Figure 1 is a front elevation omitting some of the well known parts of the preferred form of cpr invention.

Fig. 2 '1s a side elevation, partly broken away, of the structure seen in Fig. 1, but with the omitted parts shown.

Fig. 3 is'an enlarged section of a port-ion -of the structure, seen in Fig. 1.

Figs. 4 and 6 are sections taken upon the lines L1--4`and 6-6 in Fig. 1.

. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the `parts seen 1n Flg. 3.

'all old and the latter release an old form of board clamps through the medium of a rod 11. The rear one of the board clamps and the rear roll of the board rolls are capable of adjustment as in previous hammers by means of adjusting bars 12, 13 respectively held and shifted by the usual devices. At their uppell ends these bars connect with adjusting levers 11 and 15 to turn eccentric shaft-carrying sleeves within bearings as before. The shifting of the front clamp of the board clamps by the treadle and the driving of the board rolls have not been changed.,

In existing drop hammers with which we are familiar the shaft of one of the board rolls, preferably the front roll, is carried by an eccentric sleeve or mount which is oscillated within a fixed outer bearing by a heavy front rod or friction bar to move that roll toward and away from its mate so that both will grip the board 1G to lift or release it and the ram 17. In these hammers the weight of the front rod-v and connections are relied .upon to `keep the rolls in operative engagement with the board, and the ram or a part connected therewith must 'lift this heavy rod and the connections by parts, resulting in breakage and failure of operation. Our invention is intended to replace the weight control by electromagnetic control, to use electric connections, with or without mechanical switch actuation, instead of the purely`mechanical tappet actuation of the rod, preferably lifting the roll-sleeve arm for roll engagement instead of lowering it (or over counterbalancing the arm if it be lowered, so that there shall be gravity or spring return to released position) and to supply quick release when the current is interrupted.

The roll-carrying eccentric sleeves 18 for. the front roll are preferably oscillated within its bearing 19 afshort distance onlyto throw the center of the roll 'shaft to opposite sides of a perpendicular line through the eccentric center.

Among the many forms in which the electric current could be utilized to throw eccentric arm 20 we have preferred to use 'the form in which the electro-magnetic device,.`exemplied in combined electromagnet and solenoid 21, lies above the arm, in order that the weight of the parts may cause release of the rolls in case of' failure of the electric currents The electromagnetic device 21, best seen in Fig. 3, is of the iron-clad type including -an outer shell 22 intended to act as part of the magnetic circuit and lmade of ironl for this purpose. It carries an inwardly directed magnet pole 23 and' provides a space. outside the pole and inside the shell for a winding 24, hollow at 25 below the and at` the same time forma solenoidal eX- tension.

y The solenoid and magnet pole both act `upon the same armature`26 of magnetic material.

For'- convenience, and t'o permit the use lof a poorer quality of material for the rod 27, the latter is made separate from the armature. It is guidedin bracket 28 and is'conpole, intended to energize the magnet pole nected at its lower end with an arm 29.

pivoted at 30. t

We have shown the magnet shell as circularly ribbed at 31 to improve its qualities -as a distributer of heat, and have indicated a non-magnetic strip at 32 to reduce undesirable leakage of magnetic line.

Thlepin 33 connects betweenr rod 27 and the arm 29. As the rod is guided to move in a straight line and the arm swings about an arc we have arranged for a sliding connection between the parts, while permittlng.

a well balanced thrust and firm engagement.

Each 0f the sides 34, 35 of the'arm is slotted, as at 36, 37 to recei/ve flattened ends of the pin 33 and to give a irmbearing to the flat sides of the 'pin in each direction of movement while permitting free sliding L .i movement` lengthwise of the sides.

The cen- 'tral part of the pin is left cylindrical to fit within the socket 38 upon the end of the rod. ThleJ pin is Jinserted through either of the cylindrical passages 39, 40 which communicate with the slots and make them, in effect, keyhole slots.

The sides of the arm 29 are stiffened by a connecting rib 41 and are extended t0 give support at 42 and 43 to a pin 44 by which arm 29 is connected to link 45. At its lower end the link is connected by a pin 4G with eccentric arm 47.

. It will be seen that the armature and connected parts will be lifted from the position shown in F ig. 3, in which the rolls are released from the board, to the roll-engaging position by'electromagnetic action which is almost-wholly solenoidal at the start and largely by a magnet at the upper end of the stroke, making rit possible to secure full contact betweenthe face 48 ofthe magnet pole and the end 49, of the armature when in full clutching position, if actual contact .be desired.

Even if contact be avoided because ofthe danger of sticking, this affords a pull' of increasing strength as the upper position' is approached, with a maximum hold when the armature is at its uppermost position and the rolls should most tightly engage the board 16. v

It will also be seen that the weight of the armature and connected parts will combine to drop the arin 29 and to release the rolls from engagement with the board when the electric current is interrupted, whether by normal operation of the hammer or by accidental or unauthorized interruption of the circuit.

. Because of Vthe desirability of a quicker release than would be provided by gravity alone, we interpose a spiral 'spring 50 between any s'uitable shoulder or projection 51 upon the rod, and a relatively fixed member such as the lower part 52 ofi the bracket j 28. This, of course, necessitates design' of an electromagnetic circuit with sufficientl strength to compress the spiral spring in addition tolifting lthe armature and connected parts. w t

Physical contact between the armature A and the pole facewdesirable on account of the greater intensity of th'e magnet hold se. cured thereby, would increase the desirability of using a quick-release.

It will be obvious not onlyv that the form I of electromagnetic pull and connections for operating each lroll thrownmay be Varied greatly b-ut also that the Variety of means for making and breaking the electric current required is great, varying from` the irrost simple formi of copera'ting switch \members, one part being carried by the ram,

to complicated forms of switches, mechanically operated bymeans connected with the ram.

The invention is preferably illustrated by a mechanicallyoperated swltch, for which cam operation and an oscillatory shaft have been selected in preference to other forms that will suggest themselves to any designer in the art, because by this construction bodily movement need not be given the shaft by the ram, thus reducingthe amount of work to be performed in the movement of the switch operating mechanism.

Describing now the preferred form of contact making device, the electric connections are protected by the usual tubing 53. At any suitable point within the path of the electric current from the protective inlet switch 54, to the electromagnetic device 21, a second 'switch 55 is provided, operated by a gear 56 upon the upper endof its shaft 57 by means of a segment 58. The latter is mounted upon an oscillatory shaft 59 at any convenient point along the length of the shaft.

We preferto operate a separate switch by the segment, as indicated, as compared with the more simple use of the part corresponding to the segment as itself constituting the movable member of Athe switch.

The shaft is mounted in any type of bearings 60, 61 and one of the bearings is provided with a drag or friction device to prevent the shaft from movement by jarring and to prevent it from rebounding angularly at the ends of its stroke. The particular form of drag which We have shown uses a split in the bearing at 62 with clamps for dra-wing the Iparts together to any required extent about the shaft as a means of applying the friction.

The shaft 59 is of sufficient length to per` mit engagement by the ram or a part such as bar 63, extending therefrom, with cams adjustably mounted upon the shaft as illustrated by means of clamps 64 and 65. We have preferred to form the cams themselves as fins 66 and 67, which are oppositely turned so as to be thrown in opposite angular directions by the bar 63.

The adjustability of these cams offers the same flexibility of adjustment of the automatic stroke of the ram to provide for different desired heights o'f ram travel and different thicknesses of die, as is provided with the existing mechanical form of reversal.`

It is quite necessary to provirel a stop for limiting angular movement of t e shaft 59, and also to have hand control of the current reversals to permit a short stroke ram operation, needed particularly for drawing tong holds, breaking down, cutting ofl' stock, etc. We provide for this conveniently by a lever arm or handle 68, secured to and controlling Hand or treadle lever-sal' is thrown when the hammer is to be started A and, the Iboard clamps being released by the treadle, the Iram is lifted, either by reason of the normal position of the switch 55, because of the position at which the ram had been left, or by movement of the handle 68.

The cams cause the switch 55 to be opened at the upper end of the stroke and closed at the lower end of the strokerespect-ively, when they are engaged by bar 63, and the height of these cams may be varied readily to alter the point of reversal.

fWith the ram at the lower end of its stroke, the electromagnetic device is 'energized, resulting in an immediate solenoidal pull upon the armature which lifts the armature, at the same time compressing the spiral spring and lifting the connections between the armature rod and the arm 29. As the armature approaches the magnet pole -the latter begins to pull appreciably also. Theelectromagnetic pull then increases rapidly, becoming a maximum, coincidentally with contact, or the closest approach permitted, between the pole and armature faces, corresponding with complete engagement of the rolls with the board.

The engagement of the rolls with the board causes the ram to be lifted until the bar 63 engages the upper cam or until the shaft 59 is turned by hand to operate`the switch. In either event, the current is then broken and the combined expansion of the spiral spring and weight of the parts. cause the front roll to be swung outwardly, releasing4 the board and allowing it -to drop. These reversing-operations will continue automatically as long as the treadle is cle-- pressed. Y

We have preferred to make the electromagnetlc device single actlng, using gravity or spring action, or both for movement 1n` the opposite direction, for the reason that operation in the reverse direction wholly or partly by solenoid or magnet, though entirely practicable, involves an unnecessary use of electric energy.

It will be evident that we can use solenoidal operation entirely, by sufficiently strengthening the solenoidal pull, or electromagnet pull alone, by shortening the stroke, and our claims are intended to cover either or both of these, broadly,l except where they specifically call for a different interpretation.

' combined What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A board drop hammer,comprising a frame, board-lifting mechanism, clamp mechanism and a release for the clamp in combination with an electromagnetic device and connections for drawing the lifting rolls together for engagement with the board and" contact devices operated by movement of the ram for making and breaking the electric circuit.

2. In a board drop hammer having a frame, an anvil, a ram, board and elevating rolls, electromagnetic means and connections `for moving one roll to bring the rolls into engagement with the board.

y 3.A In a board drop hammer having a frame, an anvil, a ram board and elevating folle, electromagnetic means for moving one releasmg by gravity when the circuit is in*A terrupted'.

5. A board drop hammer having a frame, an anvil, aram, board and elevating rolls, inL ombination with connections for bringin; the rolls into engagement with'the board and a combined solenoidal and electromagnet lifting means for operating these connections, l v

6. A board drop hammer having a (frame, an anvil, a ram, a board and elevating rolls, in combination with connections for throwing the rolls into en agement with the board,

solenoi al and means for lifting the connections when the current is thrown on, and connections operated by the ram for making and breaking the electric circuit. l

7. A power hammer, comprising a frame, an anvil, a ram, a board and lifting rolls, with operating mechanism therefor in combination with contact making devices operated with -movement of the ram, a solenoid energized when the contact is made, an armature operating in said solenoid, an arm and cam operating mechanism moving one roll toward the other with movementof the arm and connections between the arm and thearmature whereby the rolls are engaged /with the board when the solenoid is energized. y

`8. A power hammer, comprising a frame, lan anvil, a ram, a board and llftmg rolls, with operating mechanism therefor 1n com bination with contactv making mechamsm `operated with movement of the ram and. a

electromagnet solenoid energized when the contact is made, an armature for the solenoid, connections from the armature, moving one roll toward lthe other with movement of the armature into the solenoid anda magnet pole energized at the same time 'as energization of the solenoid and effective to draw the armature at the inner'end of the latters stroke.

9. A power hammer, comprising a frame, 'an anvil, a ram, a -board and lifting rolls, with operating mechanism therefor, incombination with circuit closing mechanism operating with movement of the ram, 'a'

.solenoid energized by the closing of the circuit, an armature movable into the solenoid and connections between the armature and one of the rolls moving the roll toward its mate with initial movement of the armature and weighted normally 'to withdraw the armature when the circuit is opened.

10. A power hammer, comprising a frame,

an anvil,'a ram, a board and .lifting rolls, with operating mechamsm therefor, in coml bination with circuit closing mechamsm opi l erating with movement of the ram, a solef noid energized by the closing of the clrcuit, an armature -movable inwardly` and out- Iwardly with respect to the solenoid, connections between th'e solenoid armature and fone of the rolls to move it toward the board with inward movement of the armature and normally weighted t0 tend to withdraw thev armature'from the solenoid and a 'spring set by inward movement of the `armature and 'tending to assist in withdrawal thereof.

l1. A power hammer, comprising a frame, an anvil, a ram, a board and lifting rolls,

with operating mechanism therefor, in comf armature from the solenoid, a spring set by inward movement of the armature and tend-l Jing to,assistin withdrawal therefrom, and an electromagnet pole reinforcing the pull of the solenoid upon the armature at the' vextreme inward position of the armature;

12. A power hammer, comprisinga frame, an anvil, a. ram, a board andlifting rolls, with operating mechanism therefor, in combinationwith circuit closing mechanism yoperatinglwith movement of .the ram, a solenoid energized by the closing o f the circuit,

' an armature movable inwardly and out` `wardly with respect to the solenoid, vconnections between the solenoid armaturefandy one of therolls to move it toward -the'boardwith inward movement of the' armature and,

normally weighted to tend to withdraw the armature from the solenoid, a spring set by mward movement of the armature and tending to assist in withdrawal therefrom, and

an electromagnet pole energized at the same time as the energization of the solenoid and cooperating with it to retain the armature in its inward position.

13. A power hammer,- comprising a frame,

an anvil, a ram, a board and lifting rolls,

with operating mechanism therefor, in combination with a cam sleeve surrounding one of the roll shafts, a bearing for the cam sleeve, an arm connected with the cam sleeve to shift it, thereby moving the roll toward or away from the board, connections for said arm normally weighted to hold the roll away from the board and electromagnetic means energized through` movement of the ram near the lower extremity of its stroke to lift the connections and denergized through the movement of the ram at the upper end of the stroke.

14. A power hammer, comprising a frame, an anvil, a ram, a board and lifting rolls, having shafts with operating mechanism therefor, in combination with a cam sleeve for the cam sleeve, an arm connected with the cam sleeve to shift it, thereby moving the roll toward the board, an armature adapted to 'move'the connections, a solenoid con ected with the armature, a spiral coil compressed by upward movement of the armature, an electromagnet pole assistingv the solenoid, and common means for ener` gizing the solendid and ,pole by reason of downward movement of the ram, to lift the connections and set the roll and to denergize the solenoid and pole with upward .movement of the ram to release the connec- -tions and roll. l 15. A power hammer, comprising a frame, an anvil, a ram, a board and lifting rolls, with operating mechanism therefor, in combination with gravity-operated means for normally releasing the rolls and electromagnetic means `for lifting the gravityreleased rolls, automatically energized with downward movement of the ram and denergized with upward movement of the ram. 16. A power hammer, comprising a frame, an anvil,.a ram, a board, and lifting rolls, with operating'mechanism therefor, in combination with gravity-operated means for normally holding the rolls apart, and l1fting mechanism therefor, operated by reason of downward movement of the ran and causin the rolls to engage the board. 17. power hammer, comprising a frame, an anvil, a ram, a board and liftin rolls, with operating mechanism therefor, 1n combination with gravity-operated means for jnormally holding the rolls apart, lifting an'ism for said liftingrolls, electro-magnetically operated means for setting the rolls, and circuit closing mechanism for said means, closed by reason of downward move#L ment of the ram and opened by reason of np-y ward movement thereof.

19. In a board drop hammer, a frame, an anvil, a ram and a board movable within the frame, operating rolls' for lifting the ram, electromagnetic means for tightening the rolls against the board, an oscillatory shaft cams thereon operated by the movement of the ram, and switch mechanism opened and closed by oscillatory movement of said rod at the upper and lower limits of ram movement respectively, to open and close the circuit through the electromagnetic means.

20. In a board drop hammer, lifting rolls for the board, means for shifting one of the rolls, an armature and armature rod, connections for moving the shifting means and pivotally connected with the rod, a solenoidal winding about the armature, an electromagnet energized at the same time as the solenoid, a magnet shell connected with the magnet pole and in part inclosing the solenoidal windings, and means for ener 'zing the solenoid and magnet core with own- Ward movement of the board and ram.

21. An electromagnetic mechanism forl shifting the roll in a board drop hammerl comprising a solenoid and armature therefor rfor giving theinitial movement to the roll and an electromagnetrpole assistin in the final movement of the, roll and ho ding 1t firmly in set position.

22. Operating mechanism for shifting the tions with energization thereof and retaining them in raised position.

23. Operating mechanism for shifting the eccentric and moving the rollin a board drop hammer comprising an armature and connections adapted to release the roll by gravity movement and electromagnetic means comprising a solenoid and magnet operating on the same armature to raise it and hold it in raised position.

24. A quick-release safety operating mechanism for shifting the eccentric arm of a board drop hammer rolliwhich ccmprisesl ja gravity-released pivoted arm connection with theeccentric arm, a spring retracted armature connected with the arm and" electromagnetic means for lifting the armature to lift the arm, compress the spring andshift the roll.

25. The methd cf providing for quick release of the roll in. an electrically operated board drop hammer which consists in shit- 10 ing the movable .roll against the operation of gravity `and a second resilient force andreleasing the roll by the combined operation of tHe two resilient vforces'.

ARTHUR 'ALDRIDGE HOWARD TERHUNE.

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