US1308548A - Plakodraph co - Google Patents

Description

ADDING 0R GALCULMING MACHNE. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 6. 191?.

D. S. MCELHOY.

Patented July 1, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

TNB COLUMBIA PLANoanAPM co., wAsmNa'roN, D, c.

DA S. MCELRUY.

ADDING UR CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPucATmN man Nov.e.1s|1.

1 ,308,548. Patented July l, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

TMB coUMBIA PLANUORAPH co., wAsMlNOwN. lit. C,

DANIEL S. MOELROY, OF SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.

ADDING OR CALCULATING MACHINE.

Application led November 6, 1917.

To all iii/mnt t muy concern.'

Be it known that I, DANIEL S. MoELRoY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Siangamon and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding or Calculating Machines, of which the following is aA specification.

The present invention has to do with certain improvements in adding or calculating machines and the like. More particularly it has to do with the construction of a machine of the non-listing type, although, as will presently appear, lthe features of the invention are in no wise limited to use in connection with non-listing machines. As a matter of convenience in illustration and description, I have shown a particular construction in which the features are embodied in a non-listing machine, but I wish it distinctly understood that, in so doing. I do not limit myself to their use in connection with this type of machine, except as I may limit myself in `the claims.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a very simple construction of ma chine, and one which can be manufactured very cheaply with the use of a comparatively small number of parts. Another object is to so construct the machine as to adapt it to rapid operation. Another object is to provide a simple and improved type of carrying mechanism for carrying tens to the higher orders.

(lther objects and uses of the invention will appear from a detailed description of the same which consists in the features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 shows a cross section through the machine taken at a point between the operating and adding disks for two orders, living a section taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows. In Fig. 1, the parts are shown in the position which they normally occupy, none of the keys being depressed;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view similar to that of Fig. 1. with the exception that the tive-key has been depressed for the order illust-rated, and the accumulating wheel has been lowered linto adding position, although the adding disk is .sh-own in the aero or irii tial position;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J uly 1, 1919. Serial No. 200,479.

Fig. 3 shows a horizontal or plan view of the machine shown in Fig. 1, the same being provided with the necessary operating, accumulating, and carrying mechanisms for three orders, and the top of the machine including the operating keys being removed so as to reveal the interior construction;

Fig. 4 shows a fragmentary detail section on enlarged scale taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 shows a view similarto that of Fig. 2, with the exception that the adding disk has rotated tothe position Where it is stopped or arrested by the five key, thereby accumulating five ordinals into the accumulating wheel;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail of the locking paw] which holds the adding disk in the Zero position until the numeral pin or key has been fully depressed; and

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail of the stops or rests for insuring a stoppage of the adding and operating disks at the zero position when the keys are all released.

Before explaining in detail the construction of machine herein disclosed, I will state that, in the present case, I have shown only three sets of numeral keys, and three sets of operating disks, adding disks, accumulating wheels, carrying mechanism and associated parts corresponding to three numerical orders. It will he understood, however, that the number of sets of parts to be provided will depend entirely upon the desired capacity of the machine. and I have shown three sets of parts simply by way of illustration.

Bearing the foregoing facts in mind, I will now refer to the. construction shown in the drawings. In this case, there is provided a hase plate 11 and a back plate 12 to which the main operative parts or bearings for them `are connected. I have also shown a front plate 13 to which certain of the parts are journaled, and a top plate 14 to which certain additional parts are journaled. I have also shown a curved or arcuate key plate 15 within which are mounted `the numeral keys or stems.

Extending transversely of the machine is a rod or shaft on which are mounted the numeral disks and the operating disks. The operating disks for the three orders indi-V @ated are numbered 17; 18; anni 19", respec= tively. and the corresponding numeral disks are numbered '30. 2l and '22, respectively. It will be understood that all of these disks are freely mounted on the rod or shaft 1G, so that they can rotate independently of each other.

Correspomling to each set of disks is a ron' or set of operating cams for the nm'nerals from one to nine, inclusive, in the particular order under consideration. These cams 22) are conveniently mounted upon or formed as portions of the stems 24 on which are the numeral keys Springs 2G are provided for the various numerals, which springs. by raising the numeral keys and stems.r` simultaneously raise the cams Q3.

0n each of the operating disks there is a` set of pins or contacting portions 2l' correspondinff to the various numeral cams for such dis t, so that upon depression of any one of the numeral keys of that order, that operating disk will be rocked on the shaft lll a given distance by the engagement of the corresponding cam 2S with the corresponding pin ln Figs. '2 and 5, the tivekey has been depressed, so as to rock the ope 'ating' plate or disk such distance.

On each operating disk is a pin or contacting portion Q8 which rests against a lever arm '29 pivoted to a fixed portion at the point 30. A spring 31 has its ends connected, respectively. to the corresponding lever 2i) and the corresponding adding disk, so that said springr tends to rock the adding disk in the direction of the arrow of Fig. 1. As soon as any one of the numeral keys for that order is depressed. the corresponding lever 29 is tilted through a considerable angle. as shown in Fig. 2, so as to materially stretch the springr 31., and tl'iereby place a considerable tension on the saine tending to rock the adding disk in the direction of the arrows.

On cach adding' disk a stop pin or the like 32. lNhen the adding disk stands at the aero or normal position, this stop pin is engaged by a pawl or dog 33 which holds it against rotation. Upon disengaging the pawl from the stop i in, the adding disk is permitted to rotate torwardlv or in the direction of the arrow under the impulse of the spring 31 until the stop pin 3Q strikes the lower end of `the numeral pin 2l which was previously depressed. thereby arresting the further movement of the adding disk. By this arrangement the adding disk is permitted to run forward a distance dependent upon and deterniined by the particular numeral key which was depressed. Suitable means presently to be described is provided for disengagingr the pawl or dog 33 from the stop pin 32 yat the proper instant.

Correspondin to teach adding disk is an accumulating w eel 34 into which the numerals are accumulated. Each accumulating` wheel has a number of teeth equal to, or a multiple of, numeral. at which the carJ ln the decimal system, each accumulating wheel should have ten teeth or a multiple thereof. On cach adding disk is a set of pins which are correctly spaced to consecutively engage with the teeth of the corresponding accumulating wheel for the purpose ol adding numbers thereinto. (')rdinarily there will be nine pins on each adding disk, but a tenth pin may be provided if desired.

lil-ach accumulating wheel must be successively engaged with and disengaged from the pins of the corresponding adding disk, so that numerals added on the forward stroke will not be immediately subtracted on the return stroke of the adding disk. For this purpose, there is provided corresponding to each accu!nnlatinc` wheel a lever 36 pivoted on a rod 37, the accumulating wheel being pivoted on the forward end of said lever at the point 3S. A link 39 connects each lever :lo to the correspondingl operating disk by the pivotal connections l0 and L11. By the use of this arrangementj the forward rocking of the operating disk.y under the impulse of one of the numeral key arms 23. will sin'iultaneously tilt the lever 36 so as to bring' the corresponding accumulating wheel into engagement with the pins 35 just before the disengagement of the pawl from the stop pin Thereafter, when said disengagement of the pawl takes place, and the adding disk is allowed to run forward, the numeral will be accumulated into the accumulating wheel. On the back stroke, the disengagement of the :uzcumulating wheel from the pins 35 will take place just before the backward movement of the adding disk commences, so that the numeral thus added in will not be immediately subtracted.

As a convenient construction for operating the pawls l have shown the following' arrangement: Each of said pawls is pivoted to a stationary part at the point 42, a spring' l?) normally depressing the pawl into the full line position of Fig. G. A. pin lll is secured to each of the operating disks, said pin engaging a cam surface 45 on the lower face of the pawl. As the operating disk is rocked forward by the depression of one of the numeral keys. its pin ell will raise the paw] at the eX-afct instant desired for the acctnnplishment of the results previously explained.

For each operating disk is a main .spring lt) having one end connected to a stationary part at the point 4.7, and the other end connectcd to the operating' disk through the medium of a pin 48. Each main spring is sufficiently Vvpowerful to restore the operating disk to the initial ,position upon releasing the numeral key which was previously i depressed. A

Corresponding to each adding disk' is a lever 49 pivoted to a stationary part at the ryingy takes place.

point 50. A spring 51 serves as a yielding connection between said lever and the corresponding adding disk, one end of the spring being connected to the lever at the point 52 and to the adding disk at the point 53. On the back stroke of the operating disk, its pin 48, or any other suitable contacting device, Will engage the lever 49 and rock the same into the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, thereby placing the corresponding spring 51 under tension and restoring the adding disk to the initial position as soon as the lever 29 is permitted to rise by the rising of the pin 28.

The adding and operating disks carry the stop pins 53 and 54, respectively, which stop pins engage the fixed stops 55 and 56, respectively, as shown in Fig. 7, When the disks are at the initial osition.

Means should provided for carrying tens to higher orders, and I have provide a simple form of such carrying means, as shown particularly in Figs. 1, 2, kl, and 5. The accumulating Wheel for the lowest or units order meshes directly with the pinion 57 mounted on a short stub shaft 58, on the other end of which stub shaft is a ratchet Wheel 59. A pawl or dog 60 pivoted at the point 61 and maintained in engagement with the ratchet Wheel by a spring 62 serves to prevent a reversal of direction of the accumulating Wheel 57 by reason of the shaft 58. The pawl or dog 60 is similar in form and function to the pawls 66 and is located in line with them.

The accumulating wheel for the units order carries a SideWise projecting pin 63 which is adapted to engage one of the teeth of the ratchet Wheel 64 mounted on a stub shaft 65 each time the units accumulating wheel completes one revolution, to thereby ratchet or -notch up the Wheel 64 one notch upon the completion of each revolution of the units accumulating wheel. A pavvl or dog 66 pivoted at the point 67 is maintained in engagement With the ratchet Wheel 64 by a spring 68 so as to prevent reversal of said ratchet Wheel and the shaft 615. On the other end of the stub shaft 65 is a pinion 69 which meshes with the accumulating wheel 70 of the next higher or tens order at all times. Consequently each time the units accumulating Wheel completes one revolution, the tens accumulating Wheel will be advanced one numeral by reason of the engagement of the units pin 63 with the tens ratchet vvheel 64.

A similar series of connections is provided from tens to hundreds, from hundreds to thousands, etc., according to the capacity of the machine.

As a. matter of convenience in consti-u@ tion, the shafts 58, 65, etc., are used to pro- Vide the pivotal points 37 on which are mounted the rock levers 36, by means of Which the accumulating wheels are successively raised `and lowered to disengage them from and engage them with the adding pins 35 of the adding disks.

Numerals may be marked or otherwise formed either on the various accumulating Wheels or lon drums connected to and operated by them. In the arrangement shown in the drawin s, the latter scheme is illustrated as clearly appears from examination of Fig. 3.

Examination particularly of Fig. 4 reveals the presence of sleeves 7l on which the levers 36 and the paWls 33 are mounted. These sleeves are also directly carried by the downwardly depending lugs 72 which are connected to the upper portion of the casing of the machine. The sleeves serve not only as supports for the levers and praWls, but also as journals for the stub shafts 58, 65, etc. This construction very materially reduces the friction of the parts on each other, and, therefore, makes it possible to produce a machine which will be extremely easy and, therefore, rapid in its operation.

While I have herein shown and described only a single embodiment of the features of my invention, still it will be understood that I do not limit myself to the said em bodiment except as I may do so in the claims.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a fixed shaft, of a plurality of adding segments journaled thereon, an operating segment journaled on said shaft adjacent to each adding segment, an accumulating Wheel correspondingto each adding segment, teeth on each adding segment adapted to mesh with the teeth of the corresponding accumulating Wheel, nine numeral keys corresponding to each operating segment, instrumentalities in conjunction with each numeral key for advancing the operating segment a predetermined distance when said numeral key is depressed and simultaneously setting a stop for arresting movement of the adding segment at the corresponding numerical position, a yielding operating connection from each operating segment to the corresponding adding segment, means for placing the same under tension when the operating segment is advanced as aforesaid, means locking each adding segment against forward n1ovement until its operating segment has been moved forward by depression of a key, a yielding restoring connection from each operating segment to the corresponding adding segment, means for placing the same under tension when the operating segment is returned to its initial position, tension means for returning each Operating segment to its initial positron, an operative connection from each operating sement to the accumulating wheel of the corresponding adding segment for successively moving said accumulating wheel into and out of position for engagement by the adding teeth ot' the adding segment, and carrying mechanism in conjunction with the accumulating wheels for carrying tens, substantially as described.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a fixed shaft, of a plurality ot' adding segments journaled thereon, each having adding teeth, an operatlng segment journaled on the shaft adjacent to each adding segment, a vielding operating connection between each opera/ting segment and the corresponding adding segment, means locking each adding segment against forward movement until. its operating segment has been moved forward by depression of a key, a yielding restoring connection between each operating disk and the corresponding adding disk, tension means for restoring each operating segment to normal position, numeral keys corresponding to each operating segment for rocking the same, operating means between each adding segment and the numeral keys therefor for arresting movement of the adding segment at a position predetermined by the numeral key depressed. an accumulating Wheel corresponding to each adding segment, means for moving each accumulating Wheel into and out of operative engagement with the teeth of its adding segment according to the movements of the operating segment, and means in conjunction with the accumulating Wheels for carrying tens, substantially as described.

3. In a machine ot the class described, the combination of a plurality of adding segments mounted for rotation, each having adding teeth, an operating segment oscillatably mounted adjacent to each adding segment, a yielding operating connection between each Voperating segment and the corresponding adding segment, means locking each adding segment against forward movement until its operating segment has been moved forward by depression of a key, a yielding restoring connection between cach operating segment and the corresponding adding segnaent, tension means for restoring the operating segments to normal position. numeral keys in conjunction with each operating segment, means in conjunction with each operating segment and its numeral keys for rocking-the operating segment a predetermined distance each time a numeral key is depressed, means in conjunction with each adding segment and the corresponding numeral V"keys for arresting movement of the adding segment at a point predetermined b v the numeral key depressed, an accumulating Wheel =for each adding segment, teeth each adding seginrnt for the corresponding arumulating wheel, means for moving the accumulating wheels into and out of engagement with the teeth of their respective adding segments according to the movements ot' the operating segments, and means in conjunction with thc accumulating wheels tor carrying tens, substantiall'uv as desrribed.

l. ln a machine ot' the class described, thil combination with a series of adding segments and accumulating Wheels in conjunction therewith, of an operating segment adjacent to cach adding segment, a yielding operating connection from each operating segment to the corresponding adding segment, means locking cach adding segment against forward movement until its operating segment has been moved forward by depression oi a key, a yielding restoring connection between each operating segment and the corresponding adding segment, tension means for restoring the operating segments to normal position, means in conjunction With the :ucunullating wheels for carrying tens, and numeral keys in conjunction with each operating segment and the corresponding adding segment for moving the operating segment when any numeral key is deprrssed and arresting the corresponding adding segment at the position determined by the said numeral key. substantially as described.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination ot' a. series of adding segments and operating segments corresponding thereto, a set of numeral keys corresponding to each operating segment, cam connections between the numeral keys and each operating segn'icnt for moving the operating segment a predetermined amount when any numeral key is depressed, means locking each adding segment against forward movement until its operating segment has been moved tor- Ward by depression of a key, means in fonjunction with each numeral key and the corresponding adding segment for the purpose of arresting movement of the adding segment at the point predetermined by such numeral key. an accumulating Wheel in ronjunction with each adding segment, means for moving the arresting means into and out of operative engagement with their respective adding segments, and means in conjunction with the adding segments for carrying tens, substantially as described.

6. In a machine of the class described, the combination ot' a series of adding segments, an operating segment corresponding to each adding segment, an accumulating wheel corresponding to each adding segment, a yielding operating connection joining cach operating segment and the corresponding adding segment, numeral keys in conjunction with cach operating segment, means in conjunetionivvith each operating segment and its numeral keys for moving the operating segment through a predetermined distance When any numeral key is depressed, means for locking each adding segnunt against movement until the operating segment is so moved, means for arresting the movement of each adding segment when the operating segment is so moved at a position predetermined by the numeral key depressed, and means in conjunction with the accumulating Wheels for carrying tens, substantially as described.

7, In a machine of the class described, the combination with a series of adding segments mounted for oscillation on centers in alinement With each other, of bearing members intermediate the positionsof said segments, sleeves rotatably mounted in said bearing members, stub shafts rotatably mounted in said sleeves, a ratchet Wheel on one end of each stub shaft, a pinion on the other end of each stub shaft, a lever piv otally mounted on each sleeve adjacent to the pinion, a carrying wheel pivotally mounted on each lever and meshing with the adjacent pinion, and teeth on each adding segment adapted to engage the corresponding adding Wheels, and means for oscillating the levers to carry the adding Wheels alternately into and out o'lI engagement with the adding segments, substantially as described.

8. In a machine of the class described, the combination' of a series of adding segments and operating segments corresponding thereto, a set of numeral keys corresponding to each operating segment, means in conjunction With each operating segment and its numeral keys for moving the operating segment through a predetermined distance when any numeral key is depressed, an operative connection between each operating segment and its adding segment, means for locking each adding segment against movement until the operating segment is so moved, means for arresting the movement of each adding segment when the operating segment is so moved at a position predetermined by the numeral key depressed, means for disengaging said locking means when the operating segment is fully moved, and means in conjunction with the adding segment for accumulating numbers corresponding to their movements, substantially as described.

DANIEL S. MoELROY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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