US1307317A - Turnstile - Google Patents

Description

F. J. PEREY.

TURNSTILE.

APPLICATION mio MAR.14.19|1.

1,307,317. Patent-ed June 17, 1919.V

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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M bU/ Maura@ m. PERU. TUHNSTILE.

APPLICATION HLE MAH. X4. ISI l1 1,307,317. Patented June 17, 1919.

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F. J. PEREY.

TURNSTILE.

APPLxcATioN min Mlm. :4, miA

1,307,317. Patented June 17, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK JOSEPH PEREY, 0F BROOKLYN,` NEW YORK.

TURNSTILE.

Application filed March 14, 1917.

To all wlw/It t muy (xo/acorn.'

Be it known that I, FnANIr J. Pimm', a subject oi the Queen of Holland, residing at the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, State o1 New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turnstiles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates particularly to improvunents in the design and construction of turnstiles.

There are many serious objections found to exist in turnstiles of various types now in common use and among these may be mentioned, first, the fomparaiivcly intricate and complicatelil mechanism employed` which is made up of a large number otl parts or elements requiring great care and skill in adjustment. Further, owing to the peculiar arrangement and assembling of such mechanism, the machine has to be practically disorganized for purposes of eXami* nationrand repair, and while the latter, in many cases, may prove of little 0r no consequence, the time ocupied in taking the ma chine apart and putting it together again makes a trilling breakdown a matter of serious consequence, particularly, if it occurs duringr rush hours.

As ordinarily constructed, the greater port-ion of the operating mechanism is located in the base of the pedestal forming the inclosing casing of the machine and this pedestal is bolted or otherwise secured, as firmly as possible to the floor, to give thc machine the necessary rigidit to withstand all sorts of blows, strains an pressures, to which it is ordinal-il subjected by the evervarying methods adiipted by people in rotatinghe projecting arms thereof.` The o erating mechanism being thus located in tllie base of the machine, removal of the pedestal bolts or `other fastenings is essential as the first step for either` inspection or repair. In addition to this disadvantage, there is a further resultin' objectionable feature involved which conslsts in the new essary employment of a central vertical shaft extending usually throughout the length of the pedestal, as the means of operatively connecting the tlirnstile arms with the mechanism by which their movement is limited and controlled. Such a shaft must be Well mounted and it and its bearings constitute an item of considerable expensednu addition to the more `serious objection of its failing,

Specication of Letterslatent.

Patented June 17, 1919.

Serial No. 154,774.

for many obvious reasons, to rotate freely with little or no friction.

There is further objection to the type of machine above referred to, in that the pedestal and its enlarged base, stand and occupy valuable space within the passageway controlled by the turnstile and form an obstruction over which people frequently trip or come into violent collision in the rush to get through.

The present invention is designed to over come tlnabove mentioned and other ditl'i eultii-s experienced with turnstilcs now in general usc and to this end` T have produced the machine illustrated in the accompany ingT drawings which, as therein embodied, is [he best form at present known to me for iarrying my invention into effect.

In these drawings:

Figure 1, is a view in side elevation of a turnstile constructed in accordance withmy invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on a plane parallel to the plane of F ig. 1 and centrally of the machine.

Fig. 3, is a top plan view of the machine with the cover plate of the casing removed;

Fig. el, a bottom plan view of th(` rotary member or element of the machine removed from the casing.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the locking bolt of the rotary member;

Fig. 6, is a detail view of the tension shoe;

Fig. 7, is a detail View of the ratchet paw] g Fig. 8, isa detail view of one of the four gravity shutters which are carried by the rotating member of the machine and cooperate with the locking notches therein.

Fig. 9,1is a detail view showing the cushion inserts of the locking-bolt bearings.

Referring now to these drawings, 1, represents the outer inclosing casin of the operating mechanism which is provlded with a removable top plate 2, secured by screws or any other suitable fastenings 3. This easin may be supported from the ground or Hoor y1 means of a pedestal 4,or,: if preferred, the pedestal may be omitted and the casing attached to a side Wall or shelf, projecting from such wall." Opposit'el disposed ears 5,5, are provided fora si ewall attachment" of the ycasing kand vtebbed portions 6, 6, for attachmentto' ashlfl Both the ears and Webbed portions have holes formed therein furthe passage cffaigtening holte or screws. When attarhed either to a side wall or shelf, ele-arance of course must he provided to permit free and unobstructed rotation o'l` the arms ofY the tul'nstile and in either torni ol mounting, it is customary to provide a Isuitable housing on the inner side ot the wall, inrlosing the space occupied hy the rotating;r arms ot' the turnstile, as indi rated hy dotted lines in the drawings.

The rasintl 1, is cylindrical. as shown and is counter-horrid rentrally at 7, to provide a llat hearing surface 8, to receive the rounded rnd of a short spindle i), ol the rotating memlier 10, ol' the machine. The member 10 is reduced at its upper end 11, and projects through an opening in the top plate ol the easing to serve as a snl'iport for thx arms l2, ot' the lurnstile, there lining four of such arms arranged in the usual manner at DU' apart.

(lontrolling and limitingr the direction of rotation oll the ilu-unhellfl, there is a rati-het and pan'l 13 and lll.. The ratrhet teeth are i'ormed in the loner lace olI the melilla-r ltr. ronrentrir with its' axis` and the roiipcratiiig pan'l l-l, is carried hy a removalily lilocl( l5, bolted to`the casing. A springr 1G `serves to maintain the pawl in operative position with the ratchet.

it is found desirable, in order to adapt the machine to passageways of various forms and constructions, to provide a convenient and ready adjustment for setting the machine to rotate either toward the right or toward the left, as occasion may require. To accomplish this` in the present machine, .ill that is necessary is to remove the hloek 15, and give the pawl ll a half turn, the effect of which is to reverse the ratchet. lilorlr is outside ot' the casing Iand accessi hhx from the bottom of the machine, this simA ple :uljustment may be readily made by any one without the aid of a Skilled workman and the machine will instantly respond to rotation in the direction for which the ratchet is set, no change or adjustment of any other part of the mechanism being required.

The locking mechanism, While differing in construction and operation from that heretofore employed in machines of this class, is designed to elfect substantially 'the same resuit. 2'.. e., to come into action at each quarter turn ofthe machine, that is to say, as each of the arms in its travel reaches the point at which it extends,directly. cross the passage til-re machine is arranged to control.

As shown, the rotating member 10, is `previded with four notches or recesses 17, spaced 90 apart and arranged in line with the turnstile larms-M12.; Pivoted directly above each ngtchlthere isa gravity shutter 1S so shaped and arranged as ,no normally close the notch. In order to check the tendency -oi' ,.eshutters to vibrate orswing, the opening --'t rough which the shutter pivot passes is AS the elongated, as indicated at 18, permitting the shutter to drop and rest on the bottom ol the casing, and in addition to this, the shutter is provided with a straight or flat lower edge which, on coming to rest against the bottoni ot the easing, further acts to cheek thiA tendency ol' the shutter to swing hack and forth.

Adapted to coipel'ate with the seriesI of notches IT, ahove referred to, there is a loelc inl;r lrolt it), which, under the tension ol a spring 20. is normally advanced toward the ,rotating member and lying in the plane ot the notches in such Ineinljier, engages the same successively as the member is rotated. The end ol' the holt 19, under the action of its` .spring QU, is pressed closely against and rides. on the peripheral surface of the rotating nu-mln-r and as one ol the locking notches moves into line nith the holt, the shutter covering the notch is vaiun'ied upN u'ard hy contat-t with the holt, thus4 permit ting tlul spring 2t! to shoot the holt forward into engagement with the notrh and lorh lha marhiner against Vl'ul'thrr rotation.

Vln order to relieve the machine ol' the shock resulting from the sudden stopping of the rotating member, as the holt engages and locks the same, provision is made for permitting the holt to yield laterally to a lin'lited extent. This is accomplished by employing a guide sleeve 19, of approximately inverted V-shape in cross section, in which the holt has free hack and forth movement, and which is held in position in the recess o'f the machine easing, hy tivo blocks of ruhlier lfl", 19'. as shown in Fig. 9.

The release of thtA machine hy dietengaging the locking holt, may he brought hout in various Ways. The usual means consista of a pivoted lever, such as is illus traled at` 21, the upper end of which is oper ati vely connected with the holt in such manner that the pull of an attached cord 22, or the depression of a connected foot lever 23, withdraws the bolt from the locking recess of the rotating member, leaving the machine free to rotate.

The withdrawal of vthe locking bolt` as just described, permits the shutter 18, to swing hack into position closing the notch against the return of the holt, should the operator or attendant immediately release the foot lever. By this arrangement it Will loe seen how very little time and attention is required to unlock the machine, a quick pull on the cord or downward stroke of the foot lever only being necessary, and once this is elfected, accidental relooking is made im' possible through the instantaneous operation of the shutter.

It is both important and desirable to relieve those passing the turnstile of as much of the burden and inconvenience of operating the machine as possible, and to this end,

I have provided for semi-automatic action through the last part of each quarter revolution,so that it is only necessary for a person passing, to turn the machine through about an eighth of a revolution and thereafter the machine becomes self-acting. The device or mechanism by which this is aeeomplished is utilized also to make definite and certain the operation of the locking device. This is donc by causing it to cheek or retard the movement of the rotary member, as a locking notch therein comes `into line with a locking bolt, and to then yicldingly maintain the rotary member against fur ther rotation, as the locking bolt is advanced and enters the notch thereof.

The results above referred to, are brought about hy means of a Vshaped shoe Q l, which is advanced toward tht` rotatingl member hy a spring 24", and as designed, is adapted to eoopmate successively `with a series of four V f shaped reeessesl or pockets 25 formed therein. iiti'frietion rollers Ztl, arranged between the pockets and mounted at or adjacent to the periphery of the rotating mein bei', facilitate cooperation between the shoe and the pockets. The pins 27 on which these rollers are mounted a-re loosely set in, so as to permit ready Withdrawal if desired, through an opening 2S, in the cover plate, for the purpose of removing the rollers. The cover plate of the casing serves to prevent the pins from Working up or jumping out during the operation of the machine.

From the foregoing it will be seen, that normally, or when the machine is not in op eration, it` is locked against rotation and to release it for operation by a person passing, the ticket seller or other attendant, by means of either the foot-lever Q5, or the cord QQ, throws the free end of the lever Q1, toivard the right, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2, withdrawing the bolty 19, from the notch in the rotating member 10, leaving the latter yieldingly held only by the friction shoe 24. The operation as far as described, serves to effect the full release of the machine, and relocking, either automatically or by the attendant, before the completion of the operation, is prevented by the shutter 18, closing the notch 17, against the re'entrance of the locking bolt. The person passing, either by grasping or pressing against the turnstile arm 12, barring the passage, rotates the member or head 10, causing the shoe Q4 to be cammed rearward, in opposition to its spring 24, riding out of the pocket 25, it engages and, as the roller 26, passes the point of the V-shaped shoe, the latter, under the influence of its spring, immediately enters the next pocket of the rotating member 10. The advance of the shoe, as just described, serves not only to accelerate and complete the movement of the head or member 10, but also operates to check such movement at the moment the next locking notch 17,eomes in line with the locking ibolt, permitting the latter, which first cams up the shutter 1H, to he shot into the notch, under the action of the spring 20, and the machine is then ready for the next operation.

Having, therefore, described my invenv tion, I claim:

1. A turnstile comprising a single ro tatable mei'nber, having the arms of the turnstile fixed to its upper end and provided with locking notches corresponding in number and spacing with the said arms, a spring actuating locking bolt adapted to automat ically engage each successive notch, means for disengaging the bolt to free the rotating member, and an automaticcheck on the re turn of the locking holt eo-actiug to prevent reiingagement until the turustile has perA formed a complete operation.

L". A turnstile comprising a single,ri1 tatable member, having the arms of the turnstile fixed to its upper end and provided with` locking` notches` eorrespoiuliug in number and spacing with the said arms, a spring actuated locking bolt cooperating with the said. notches, and a gravity catch automatically interposed between the bolt` and the notch from vvhich it. is withdrawn to prevcnt re-locking of the rotary member until the turnstile has performed a complete operation.

3. A turnstile comprising a single ro` tatahlc member, having thc arms of the turnstiile fixed to its upper end provided with locking notches corresponding in number and spacing with the said arms, a spring ac tuated locking bolt cooperating with the said notches, and a movable shutter operating by gravity to close each notch against the return of the holt as the latter is withdrawn therefrom.

4. A turnstile comprising a single rotatable member, having the arms of the turnstile fixed to its upper end and provided with locking notches corresponding in number and spacinor with the said arms, a` spring actuated locking bolt adapted to automatically engage each successive notch, a spring ten sion device coacting with a shaped portion of the periphery of the rotatin member to successively advance and viel lngly maintain the notches thereof in line with the loeking bolt, means for disengaging the bolt to free the rotating member, and a shutter to guard each notch to prevent reseating of said bolt.

5. A turnstile comprising a single rotatable member, having the arms of the turnstile fixed to its upper end and provided with locking notches corresponding in nurnber and spacin with the said arms, a spring actuated locking bolt adapted to automatically engage each successive notch, a spring advanced friction shoe, coacting With fit 1,307,817

shaped recesses formed in the peri herul fece of the rotating member to first atvance the said member and then yieldingly check und maintain it in position with the locking notclieb in line with the locking bolt, ineens for disengeging the bolt tio Vl'ree the rotating member, und it shutter to guard earch notch to prevent rcsenting of Seid bolt.

(i. A lurnstile comprising' :i single rolntziblc member, having the arms of the turnetile lixed to ite upper end und provided with locking notclice` corresponding in number und .splicing with the seid urine, n spring actuated locking bolt cooperating with the seid notches, means for disengeging the bolt to free the rotating member, e ratchet formed in pau-t with the seid member, end e reversibly mounted pziwl, engaging the ratchet to control the direction of rotation thereof.

7. A turnstile comprising a single rotet-able member, having the arms of the turnetilc fixed to ite upper end and provided with locking notches corresponding in number und spacing with the Said lfirms, n s )ring actuated locking bolt copereting with the seid notches, Ineens for disengaging the bolt to free the rotating member, ratchet teeth formed in the lower face of said member, :und :L pztwl reversibly mounted engagin the come :md controlling the direction o rotation.

FRANK JOSEPH PERE Y. Witnesses:

FREDERICK D. DAVIES, HENRY MLLER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents` Washington, D. C.

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