US1307111A - Assiotor - Google Patents

Description

A. W. CARLSON.

TURBINE BLOWER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27. 191s.

Patented June 17, 1919.

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A W. CARLSON,

TURBINE BLOWER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27.. 1918.

1,307. Patented June 17, 1919.

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TURBINE BLOWER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27. 191B.

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AXEL W. CARLSON', 0F WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORKTO CARLING TURBHTE BLOWER C0., 0F WORCES'I'IER, SETTS.

MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION 0F MASSACHU- A TURlBINE-BLOWER.

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- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 17, 1919..

Application filed May 27, 1918. Serial No. 236,810.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, AXEL W. CARLSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and/useful Turbine-Blower, of which the following is a specification.'

This invention relates to a turbine blower of stood that compressed air or other fluid under pressure may be substituted for steam as the operating medium.

. It is the general object of my invention to improve. the construction of suchblowers, rendering them safer and more eflicient in more flexible in control, and more convenient in adjustment.

With this general object inview, an important feature of my invention relates to the provision of an improved type of'fan casing or air tube which, in the preferred form, comprises a substantially cylindrical intermediate portion adjacent the fan blades,

combined with enlarged entrance and disclarge portions positioned at eachend theref o ciency of the fan is much improved and a stblstantially noiseless operation is made poss1 e.- v

Another feature of my invention relates to an absolutely-effective emergency stopping device dependent for its operation upon the radial expansion of the rotary driving memp the speed rises materially above the normal speed. Thisstopping device is positive in its operation and cannot become disarranged.

An 'additional feature lof my .invention relates to an imp-roved construction of casing for a turbine, so designed that the delivery of steam or other fluid under pressure l to an improved bine shaft, to an gal governor for proved type of separate nozzle.

the steam operated type, it being under-- By this improved construction the efliit.' ust clears the land is rotatable on ball and will now be described,

My invention also relates to arrangements and combinations of scribed and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

preferred form of my invention is shown in the drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of my improved turbine blower;

Fig. 2 is a detail side elevation of a portion of the casing cover;

Fig. 3 is a plan' view of the parts shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4f is a sectional elevation taken along the line 4-4 in Fig. 2, and showing my improved valve construction;

Fig. 5 is'an enlarged detail sectional elevaf tion, showing the construction of the Xed and movable vanes and their supporting parts;

Fig. 6 is a sectional detail plan view taken along the line 6-6 in'Fig. 5, and

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional elevation taken along the line 77 in Fig. 1, and showing the construction of the centrifugal governor.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown a casing 10, (Fig. l) having a cover portion 11 secured thereto, said casing and cover supporting the 'bearings for a main shaft 12 upon which the rotary driving member or rotorv 13 is mounted. A fan 14 is also secured to the main shaft 12 and rotates within a fan casing 15.

This fan casing is of special construction and includes a substantially cylindrical inhtermediate portion 15, an enlarged or bellshaped entrance 'portion 15b, and ya coneshaped discharge portion 15".- lThe cylinv drical portion 15a is .of such diameter that.

ends fof the fan blades. This portion is preferably located as shown in Fig. l, beginning at a point -substantially midway between the edges of ,the fan blades and extending to the edges of the blades on the discharge side. The provision of a fan casing of this particular design is found to largely increase the eiiiciency of the blower, and also to greatly reduce the noise when the blower is in operation.

The shaft 12 extends through glandspor stuling boxes 16 in the inside ofthe casing, bearings y17 and 18 located near the opposite ends of the shaft.

These bearings are of special construction,

reference being made particularly to the bearing 17. An

parts hereinafter de-V oil chamber 19 is formed adjacent the bearing 17 within a sleeve 20, said chamber being .fed from a suitable oil cup 21. VIn order to prevent the escape of oil along the shaft in' either direction, I provide packing rings 22 which are held in position by collars or followers 23. These collars areforced against the packing to compress the same by spring 4disks 24 drawn against the opposite ends of the bearing by screws 25. By turning the screws 2.5, the spring disks or plates 24 may be caused to force the collars'23 against the packing rings 22 to thereby com-y press the rings to any desired extent, thus forming an oil-tight joint around lthe rotating shaft.

The driving member 13 is shown herein as having two sets of movable vanes 30 and 31 mounted thereon and spaced about its periphery. rlhe use of two sets of vanes is not always essential, and many features of my invention may be utilized in a turbine having only a single set of movable vanes.

Where two sets of movable vanes are used, I

provide also a third partial set of fixed vanes 32 extending a certain distance around the inside of the casing 10 and fixed in a segmental band 33 (Fig. 5) which is secured to the casing 10 by screws 34. The fixed vanes 32 are of course mounted in that portion of the casing which is adjacent the nozzles.

The different sets lof vanes may be secured to their supporting structures in any convenient manner, and l have herein indicated each vane as provided with a lug at each end, one lug on each vane being received in the supporting structure and the other lug -being riveted or otherwise secured in bands or rings 35, 36 and 37. (Fig. 5).

A' flange 38 (Fig. 1) is formed on the inside of the casing cover 11, said flange being of the same radial curvature as the segmental band 33 and forming a continuation thereof. lThe flange 38 and band 33 are concentric with the ring 35 in which the outer ends of the vanes 30 are secured, and the clearance outside of the ring 35 is so small that the ring will frictionally engage the band and flange if it is radially enlarged to a slight extent by centrifugal force due to excessive speed. rlhe friction caused by such engagement will immediately decrease the speed, and the device is thus effective to preweighted arms 40 pivoted at 41 to a casting 42 fixed to the shaft 12. The arms 40'have inwardly extending portions 43 adapted to engage a flanged collar 44 slidable on the shaft and forced against the arms by a heavy spring 45. As the speed increases the weighted arms 40 move outward, compressing the spring 45, and the lends of the arms finally engage a resilient band 46 (Fig. 7 mounted concentric withl the shaft 12 and having one end secured to a fixed pivot 47. The opposite end 48 of the band 46 is free to move outward and upward when engaged by the weighted arms 40. Such movement of the end 48 is effective through a link 49, bell crank 50 l), and link 51 to close the main valve 52 (Fig. 2) by which steam or other fluid is admitted to the turbine.

This device is not intended primarily for a speed regulator, but rather for a'safety device to stop the rotor if the speed becomes excessive. If this governor fails Ato act, the speed will then be controlled and limited by the friction iange, as above described.

In-Figs. 2, 3 and 4 l have shown the passages and connections through' which steam or other fluid is admitted to the turbine. rlihese passages are preferably formed in the casing cover 11. Steam is ladmitted to the main passage 53 when the valve 52 is open, said passage 53 being connected by .a cross passage 54 (Fig. 2) to an inclined passage 55 in which the first nozzle is located.I Sec.- ondary passages 56 (Figs. 3 and 4) are provided 4adjacent the main passage 53- and ste-am may be admitted to these lsecondary passages'by opening valves 57. rlhese secondary passages are connected to additional inclined passages 58 in which the second and third nozzles are mounted. With this construction the turbine may be driven by the .first nozzle alone, or by two or three nozzles valve stem 60 to which a head 61 is secured 11@4 and said head having opposed beveled faces. When the valve is closed, one beveled face of the head 61 engages a seat and closes the opening between the main passage 53 and the secondary passage 56. When the valve is fully open, the opposite beveled face of the head engages a seat in the valve casing, and prevents escape of steam around the valve stem. As the steam employed in turbines of this type is frequently of very high pressure, thisconstruction is found very advantageous.

It will be noted that the nozzles, controlling valves, and steam passages are all formed in or mounted on the casing cover and may be removed as a unit therewith. rlhis construction permits very ready access to the rotary member 13 in case inspection or repairs are necessary.

It will be evident from the foregoing description that I have provided a turbine blower having vmany and important novel features, the whole design resulting in greatly increased safety and eficiency.

Having thus described my invention, it will be also evident that changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art Without departing from the spirit and scope thereof as set forth in the claims, and I do not wish to be otherwise limited to the detailsherein disclosed, but what I claim is- Y .1. In a turbine blower, a rotary driving member, and an emergency stopping device effective to frictionally engage said member if the latter expands under centrifugal force at excessive speed.

2. In. a turbine blower, a rotary driving member, and an emergency stopping device surrounding said member, said device bein closely concentric with said member an frictionally engaging the outer edge surface of said member when said member expands under centrifugal force at excessive speed.

3. ln a turbine blower, a casing, a rotary driving member therein comprising a disk, a series of vanes spaced around the periphery of said disk, a ring surrounding said va-nes and in which their outer ends are secured, and devices ixed to said casing and positioned closely concentric with said ring, said devices being eective to stop said member if the member expands under centrifugal force at excessive speed.

In testimony whereof li have 'hereunto afixed my signature.

AXEL W. CARLSON.

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