US1303429A - walter - Google Patents

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US1303429A
US1303429A US1303429DA US1303429A US 1303429 A US1303429 A US 1303429A US 1303429D A US1303429D A US 1303429DA US 1303429 A US1303429 A US 1303429A
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tube
retort
furnace
extension
chamber
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone

Definitions

  • Thi invention comprises improvements in and relating to the heat treatment of metals such as hardening, 'te1nperi.ng,- annealing, and like operations, in which the articles to be treated are heated in a tube charged with an inert gas or a carburizing medium, and are discharged into a quenching bath of oil, water or other'liquid without exposure to the atmosphere and the consequent risk of oxidation.
  • My invention has for its object to provide an improved tubular furnace in which the heat treatment and hardening of metals may be readily carried out to secure uniform treatment for the articles placed therein.
  • Uther important objects are the mounting of the tubular furnace and the arrangement of the closure device to facilitate close observation of the heat treatment.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a furnace suitable for the heat treatment of small articles.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on line 2-2 of Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a suitable closure plate for the upper end of the retort tube.
  • Fig. 4 is a planthereof.
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of one form of suspension device
  • This exampleof the invention shows a comparatively'small furnace heated by the combustion of gas.
  • the retort tube or shaft a is shown of cylindrical formation, which is preferred, and is supported or seated in a socket portion 12' of a platform or bottom plate. 0 which is secured to the outer casing or walls (i as at e Flg. 1.
  • the lining around the retort tube a may be built upon the bottom plate a in any suitable manner according to the design and arrangementof the heating furnace. It is here shown as a central structure f Fig. 2, providing the combustion space 9 around the retort a, and separated from the refractory lining h of the casing d by a space which is packed with antithermic or insulating packing.
  • the central structure f at one side is an opening leading to the combustion space for the insertion of a burner tube is and on the other side at m is shown an outlet flue from the combustion space.
  • the burner is shown as a gas and compressed air burner or air blast burner.
  • the arrangement of the seat for the tube a in the socket b admits of its being packed as at?) and forms a very efiective mounting.
  • the retort tube or shaft is continued below the socketed plate 0 and is sealed in a bath of oil, water, or other liquid which in hardening operations will serve as the quenching medium; for this purpose the socket b may be flanged at n and a wrought iron or other pipe 0 may be detachably secured thereto to form the continuation part ofthe tube or shaft which leads from the retort portion proper to a seal or a quenching bath, so that no oxidation can take place as the articles are lowered out of the retort part of the tube.
  • the carrier plate 0 is preferably above the ground level and thus the part 0 of theretort tube or shaft may form a cooling portion.
  • the bath g is shown in a pit r.
  • An inlets. is provided preferably above the bath leading into the tube retort so that the latter may be charged with an inert gas, such as illuminating gas.
  • an inert gas such as illuminating gas.
  • any suitable carburizing medium may be introduced into the retort, such as illuminating gas which has been brought into contact with ammonia vapor, or a suitable hydrocarbon, such as petroleum vapor.
  • Theupper end of the tube or shaft a is shown provided with a closure device comprising a crown plate I? with a seat a for a cover plate 12.
  • the latter has a mica or other window 'w and there may be a space as at w for the reception of a pyrometer.
  • the window w is preferably set at an incline so that the pyrometeri and the work and the relation between them may be observed,
  • an outlet y may be provided with a pipe and a cock regulating the escape of gas from the retort a.
  • the articles under treatment may be suspended or supported in any convenient manner, for example in a basket of hard wire or of refractory material suspended by wires or rods through an aperture a, packed if necessary, in the cover plate 0' at the top of the tube a.
  • a suitable basket is shown at 1 and the suspending wire at 2 and welghts 3 are shown mounted on the wire so that the basket will be retained in oscillation for some time if the wire is given a twist by turning the weights.
  • the basket 1 is used for small work, and other work may be held by a suitable clip on the suspension wire or rod.
  • Fig. 5 may be provided at the top of the suspension wire 2, so that by turning the wire by hand or otherwise the basket may be freelyrotated during heating to insure even heating of the Work.
  • the work is heated in the upper portion of the tube or chamber a when the desired temperature is obtained, or the duration of treatment is terminated, it is lowered into the continuation part of the tube and into the seal or quenching bath.
  • the cooled continuation part of the retort tube separates the retort from the bath and revents undue heating of the bath by the tu be or chamber which 1s sealed therein.
  • Preheating of the steel may take place in'the upper part of the same tube or chamber a owing to the natural temperature grad uation therein, but if desired a second furnace surrounding an extended upper portion of the tube may be employed to give any desired preheating temperature to that portion of thechamber or tube.
  • An improved furnace of the type set forth for the heat treatment of metals com: prising in combination a vertical refractory retort tube closed at its upper end with a removable closure device, and having a heated portion forheating by radiation from its walls the metals or metal articles under treatment, and means for suspending the metals or metal articles .therein from or through the closure device so as to be clear of the walls, and an inclosed continuation or extension of the retort tube leading to and dipping in a quenching bath so as to be effectively' sealed therein, with an inlet in the said'continuation or extension by means of which the whole retort tube is charged with an inert gas or vapor or with a carburizing medium as desired.
  • An improved furnace of the type set forth comprising in combination a vertical refractory retort tube and means for heating same, a removable closure for the upper end of the retort and a continuation or extension from the heated portion leading-to and effectively sealed in a quenching bath, with an inlet in the continuation or extension for an inert gas or vapor carburizing medium, and torsional means for suspendin the metals or metal articles to be trea within the retort tube, throu h said closure, so as to be clear of the wa s but so as to admit of their movements to secure equal heating.
  • a furnace of the type set forth comprising in combination a furnace casing a refractory lining therefor supported by a bottom plate, a, chamber in sa1d lining open at the top and socketed part of the bottom plate in alinement with said chamber, a reractory retort tube in said chamber seated in said socket, means, such as as burners in the chamber, for heating sai tube, a removable closure for the upper end of said tube, and means for suspending articles in thetube through said closure clear of the walls of same, an extension detachably secured to said socket part and communicating with said tube, and a quenching bath in which said extension is sealed; with an inlet in said extension part immediately above said seal so that said extension and the tube can "be charged with a gas.
  • a furnace of the type set forth comprising in combination a furnace casing a refractory lining therefor supported by a bottom plate, a chamber in said lining open at the top and a socketed part of the bottom plate in alinement with said chamber, a
  • refractory retort tube in said chamber seated in said socket, means, such as gas burners in the chamber, for heating said tube, a
  • said closure having an aperture to receive a pyrometer and a window adjacent to said aperture and set at a slight angle, means for suspending articles in the tube through said closure clear of the walls of same, an extension deta'chably secured to said socket part and communicating with said tube, and a quenching bath in which said extension is sealed; with an inlet in said extension part immediately above said seal so that said extension and the tube can be charged with a gas.
  • a furnace of the type set forth comprising in'combination a furnace casing a refractory lining therefor supported by a bottom plate, achamber in said lining open at the top and a socketed part of the bottom plate in alinement with said chamber, a refractory retort tube in said chamber seated in sa1dsocket, means, such as gas burners,
  • said extension is sealed; with an inlet in CECIL MONTAGUE WALTER.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)

Description

C. M. WALTER.
' FURNACE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS.
APPLICATIGN FILED AUG.6. 191i.
3 SHEETSSHEET 1.
1 ,3U3,4;29 Patented May 13, 1919..
C. M. WALTER.
FURNACE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS.
APPLICATION FILED AUG-6. 1917.
Patented May13, 1919.
3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.
C. M. WALTER.
FURNACE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS. APPLICATION FILED AUG-5. I917.
LBMAQQ Patented May 13,, 191%..
T a 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 Fig. l.
run srnrns CECIL MONTAGUE WALTER, F BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND.
FURNACE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented May 13, iaia.
Application filed August 6, 1917. Serial N0. 184,743.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, (learn MONTAGUE WALTER, B. So, of Lyvden,Litchfield Road, Four Oaks, Birmingham, England, engineer, subject of the King of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in'and Relating to Furnaces for the Heat Treatment of Metals, of which the following is a specification.
Thi invention comprises improvements in and relating to the heat treatment of metals such as hardening, 'te1nperi.ng,- annealing, and like operations, in which the articles to be treated are heated in a tube charged with an inert gas or a carburizing medium, and are discharged into a quenching bath of oil, water or other'liquid without exposure to the atmosphere and the consequent risk of oxidation.
My invention has for its object to provide an improved tubular furnace in which the heat treatment and hardening of metals may be readily carried out to secure uniform treatment for the articles placed therein. Uther important objects are the mounting of the tubular furnace and the arrangement of the closure device to facilitate close observation of the heat treatment.
@n the drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a furnace suitable for the heat treatment of small articles.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on line 2-2 of Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a suitable closure plate for the upper end of the retort tube.
Fig. 4 is a planthereof. I
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of one form of suspension device;
This exampleof the invention shows a comparatively'small furnace heated by the combustion of gas. The retort tube or shaft a is shown of cylindrical formation, which is preferred, and is supported or seated in a socket portion 12' of a platform or bottom plate. 0 which is secured to the outer casing or walls (i as at e Flg. 1. The lining around the retort tube a may be built upon the bottom plate a in any suitable manner according to the design and arrangementof the heating furnace. It is here shown as a central structure f Fig. 2, providing the combustion space 9 around the retort a, and separated from the refractory lining h of the casing d by a space which is packed with antithermic or insulating packing. Through the central structure f at one side is an opening leading to the combustion space for the insertion of a burner tube is and on the other side at m is shown an outlet flue from the combustion space. In this example the burner is shown as a gas and compressed air burner or air blast burner. The arrangement of the seat for the tube a in the socket b admits of its being packed as at?) and forms a very efiective mounting.
The retort tube or shaft is continued below the socketed plate 0 and is sealed in a bath of oil, water, or other liquid which in hardening operations will serve as the quenching medium; for this purpose the socket b may be flanged at n and a wrought iron or other pipe 0 may be detachably secured thereto to form the continuation part ofthe tube or shaft which leads from the retort portion proper to a seal or a quenching bath, so that no oxidation can take place as the articles are lowered out of the retort part of the tube. w
The carrier plate 0 is preferably above the ground level and thus the part 0 of theretort tube or shaft may form a cooling portion.
The bath g is shown in a pit r.
An inlets. is provided preferably above the bath leading into the tube retort so that the latter may be charged with an inert gas, such as illuminating gas. If desired any suitable carburizing medium may be introduced into the retort, such as illuminating gas which has been brought into contact with ammonia vapor, or a suitable hydrocarbon, such as petroleum vapor.
Theupper end of the tube or shaft a is shown provided with a closure device comprising a crown plate I? with a seat a for a cover plate 12. The latter has a mica or other window 'w and there may be a space as at w for the reception of a pyrometer. The window w is preferably set at an incline so that the pyrometeri and the work and the relation between them may be observed,
Through the cover an outlet y may be provided with a pipe and a cock regulating the escape of gas from the retort a.
The articles under treatment may be suspended or supported in any convenient manner, for example in a basket of hard wire or of refractory material suspended by wires or rods through an aperture a, packed if necessary, in the cover plate 0' at the top of the tube a. A suitable basket is shown at 1 and the suspending wire at 2 and welghts 3 are shown mounted on the wire so that the basket will be retained in oscillation for some time if the wire is given a twist by turning the weights. The basket 1 is used for small work, and other work may be held by a suitable clip on the suspension wire or rod.
Instead of the torsion device for oscillaa ing the wire a ball or other hearing such as 4: Fig. 5 may be provided at the top of the suspension wire 2, so that by turning the wire by hand or otherwise the basket may be freelyrotated during heating to insure even heating of the Work.
The work is heated in the upper portion of the tube or chamber a when the desired temperature is obtained, or the duration of treatment is terminated, it is lowered into the continuation part of the tube and into the seal or quenching bath. The cooled continuation part of the retort tube separates the retort from the bath and revents undue heating of the bath by the tu be or chamber which 1s sealed therein.
Preheating of the steel may take place in'the upper part of the same tube or chamber a owing to the natural temperature grad uation therein, but if desired a second furnace surrounding an extended upper portion of the tube may be employed to give any desired preheating temperature to that portion of thechamber or tube.
1. An improved furnace of the type set forth for the heat treatment of metals com: prising in combination a vertical refractory retort tube closed at its upper end with a removable closure device, and having a heated portion forheating by radiation from its walls the metals or metal articles under treatment, and means for suspending the metals or metal articles .therein from or through the closure device so as to be clear of the walls, and an inclosed continuation or extension of the retort tube leading to and dipping in a quenching bath so as to be effectively' sealed therein, with an inlet in the said'continuation or extension by means of which the whole retort tube is charged with an inert gas or vapor or with a carburizing medium as desired. I
'2, An improved furnace of the type set forth comprising in combination a vertical refractory retort tube and means for heating same, a removable closure for the upper end of the retort and a continuation or extension from the heated portion leading-to and effectively sealed in a quenching bath, with an inlet in the continuation or extension for an inert gas or vapor carburizing medium, and torsional means for suspendin the metals or metal articles to be trea within the retort tube, throu h said closure, so as to be clear of the wa s but so as to admit of their movements to secure equal heating.
3. A furnace of the type set forth comprising in combination a furnace casing a refractory lining therefor supported by a bottom plate, a, chamber in sa1d lining open at the top and socketed part of the bottom plate in alinement with said chamber, a reractory retort tube in said chamber seated in said socket, means, such as as burners in the chamber, for heating sai tube, a removable closure for the upper end of said tube, and means for suspending articles in thetube through said closure clear of the walls of same, an extension detachably secured to said socket part and communicating with said tube, and a quenching bath in which said extension is sealed; with an inlet in said extension part immediately above said seal so that said extension and the tube can "be charged with a gas.
4a A furnace of the type set forth comprising in combination a furnace casing a refractory lining therefor supported by a bottom plate, a chamber in said lining open at the top and a socketed part of the bottom plate in alinement with said chamber, a
refractory retort tube in said chamber seated in said socket, means, such as gas burners in the chamber, for heating said tube, a
- removable closure for the top of said tube said closure having an aperture to receive a pyrometer and a window adjacent to said aperture and set at a slight angle, means for suspending articles in the tube through said closure clear of the walls of same, an extension deta'chably secured to said socket part and communicating with said tube, and a quenching bath in which said extension is sealed; with an inlet in said extension part immediately above said seal so that said extension and the tube can be charged with a gas.
5. A furnace of the type set forth comprising in'combination a furnace casing a refractory lining therefor supported by a bottom plate, achamber in said lining open at the top and a socketed part of the bottom plate in alinement with said chamber, a refractory retort tube in said chamber seated in sa1dsocket, means, such as gas burners,
1,303,420 V a a in the chamber, for heating said tube, a resaid extension part immediately above'said movable closure for thetop of said tube and seal so that said extension and the tube can 10 means for suspending articles in the tube be charged with a gas, and an outlet through through said closure clear of the Walls of said closure for said gas which may be burnt same; an extension detachably secured to for heating a regenerator for the incoming said socket part and communicating with fuel for heating the tube.
said tube, and a quenching bathin which In Witness whereof I aflix my signature.
said extension is sealed; with an inlet in CECIL MONTAGUE WALTER.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2792211A (en) * 1952-09-09 1957-05-14 Nat Electric Prod Corp Apparatus for heating and quenching metal parts
US2862843A (en) * 1956-06-01 1958-12-02 William E Engelhard Method of and apparatus for heat treating parts
US3429563A (en) * 1967-10-12 1969-02-25 Richard D Brew & Co Inc Heat-treating quench furnace
US6709184B1 (en) * 1999-12-20 2004-03-23 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corp. Apparatus for mounting a receiver mast and associated method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2792211A (en) * 1952-09-09 1957-05-14 Nat Electric Prod Corp Apparatus for heating and quenching metal parts
US2862843A (en) * 1956-06-01 1958-12-02 William E Engelhard Method of and apparatus for heat treating parts
US3429563A (en) * 1967-10-12 1969-02-25 Richard D Brew & Co Inc Heat-treating quench furnace
US6709184B1 (en) * 1999-12-20 2004-03-23 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corp. Apparatus for mounting a receiver mast and associated method

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