US1302752A - Valve. - Google Patents

Description

0. P ADAMS.

VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2. 1911.

Patented May 6, 191 9.

A TTORNEY v ORLANDO P. ADAMS, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

VALVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 6, 1919.

Application filed May 2, 1917. Serial No. 165,878.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ORLANDO P. ADAMS, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans and State of Louisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valves, of which the following is a specification.

Thls mvention relates to valves and particularly to valves in which provision is made for balancing the pressure so as to prevent undue friction between the sta tionary and moving parts.

An object of this invention is to provide a valve for throttling liquids or gases under pressure in such a manner that the variation in pressures against the moving parts of the valve caused by the velocity of theflowing liquid or gas shall cause no tendency to open or close at any position, and with the areas exposed to pressure balanced in such a manner as to require a minimum amount of operating force.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the principle of construction and in the arrangement and combination of parts to be hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.

11 e i in e in en n in a' I d scr b th v t1o det 11 ref erence will be had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part ofthis specification, wherein like characters denote corresponding parts in the several views and in which:

Figure 1 illustrates a vertical sectional" view of a valve casing with the cover in place and i Fig. 2 illustrates a plan view thereof with lished for the circulation of the power medium,'whether it be for the control of explosive charges in internal combustion engines, or forsteam, or water, or any other liquid or gas under pressure.

The valve casin 5 is divided into two chambers, K and why the partition 6, the

chamber L having a passage extending around the chamber K to the opposite side. The sleeve J crosses the chamber K from an aperture into the said passage at 12 through another aperture 7 in the partition 6 and extends into the chamber L, being held in place by the nut 18 on the exterior thread 17. The hollow valve H fits snugly into the sleeve J and is the member whose motion, either rotary or reciprocating, con trols the flow of the liquid or gas. Said valve member H is inclosed at one end and has a partition 20 which divides it into the chambers 21 and 22 and a stem 19 which extends through the stufling box 9 and is provided with an operating lever F. The set collar G is provided only when it is desired to operate the valve by rotating H about its axis. The ports A, A, B, B, C, C are shownopen on the drawing and may be closed by rotating H about its axis or by moving H in the direction of its axis.

'When the ports are in alinement, the ports A, A connect the chamber K with the chamber 21, which connects through the passage 12 with the chamber L. The ports 0, C connect the chamber K with the chamber 22. The ports B, B connect the chamber 22 with the chamber L.

The ports A, A, B, B are identical in shape and size in any given valve in order that they may begin to open at the same instant, and that they may ofler equal areas to the passage of the liquid or gas at any instant thereafter, but it is understood that each set may be of any shape or size to suit the condition for which any given valve is designed.

The ports 0, C are larger than the ports A, A, B,B so that the liquid or gas is admitted to the chamber 22 before the ports A, A, B, B begin to open, thus the pressure is uniform in the chambers K and 22 before the valve begins to open.

' The openings D and E are the inlet and. outlet openings respectively formed in the cover 15. The screws 14 tapped into the casing at 13 and 16 hold the cover in place.

'The stufiing box 9 is screwedinto the cas ing at 8 and may be of any ordinary type. The shoulder 10 serves as a seat against which the stationary sleeve J is forced by the nut 18 acting against the partition 6, and also as a stop for the moving part H.

It is understood that in case 1t is desired, the collar Gt may be omitted and the valve opened or closed by moving H in the direction of its axis. It is also understood that in case the valve is to be operated by moving H in the direction of its axis, the sleeve J and the valve member H may be other than circular 'in cross section, for instance, square rectangular or triangular, provided the relation of ports, partitions and chambers remains as shown.

It is, also understood that the sets of ports marked A, B and C may include more than two ports for each set, if more are desired provided that the relation of ports, partitions and chambers remains as shown.

It is also understood that in case it is desired, the valve may be operated by some force Within the chamber L or connected thereto, in which case the stuffing box 9 would be omitted and the stem 19 shortened so as to come within the chamber L.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that at the ports A, A, the direction of the flow of the liquid or gas is into the movable chamber H- and the reaction caused by 'the inrushing liquid or gas impinging against the edge of the ports at the moment of opening and thereafter with diminishing effect until the ports in both sleeves are in perfect alinement, tends to force the valve wider open.

On the other hand, at the ports B, B, the direction of the flow is out of the movable chamber H and the velocity of the out-rushing liquid or gas partly relieves the pressure against the opening edge of the port at the moment of opening and thereafter with diminishing effect until the ports in both sleeves are in perfect alinement, which tends to: force the valve shut.

Thusthe reactions at A and A, are neutralized by the reactions at B and B and the valve shows no tendency to open or close at any time. This neutralization of the reactions caused by the'flowing liquid or gas in a valve which is so balanced that the pressure of the liquid or gas causes no extra friction in the moving parts, together with sleeves, chambers, ports and partitions, which make this possible, constitute the invention for which I desire a patent. Valves now in common use are usually in balance when closed, but are thrown partially out of balance upon initial movement being given to open them, due to the fact that the pressure is reduced at the ports by the velocity of the gas 'or liquid, thus causing a tendency to either open or close depending on the design ofthe valve and this causes them to continually vibrate against the force applied to open or close them.

The construction of the device, and the functions of the elements have been stated in connection with their description but in order to enable one skilled in the art to fully practise the invention, a rsum of the constructions, functions and purposes will be given as follows: viz: The OlJJCCtS of the mvention have been attained by constructing the valve in such a way that whatever reactions are caused to act upon the moving members at one set'of ports (A. A) are neutralized by the equal and opposite reactions at the other set of ports B, B. The ports C, C are made so large that the reactions caused there by the flow of liquid that can pass through the smaller ports B, B is negligible. When the ports begin to open (Fig. 5) the liquid begins flowing into the moving part at A and A and out of the moving part at B and B. At A, A, the pressure in the chamber 21 is less than the pressure in the chamber K. The pressure against the edges of the parts A, A adjacent to the openings equals the static pressure in the chamber 21 plus an additional pressure created by the velocity of the liquid. The pressure against the sides of the part A, A opposite the point of opening equals the static pressure in the chamber 21. Therefore, the tendency of the reactions at A, A is to rotate the valve into a- Wide oaen position. The pressure in the chamber 1 equals the pressure in the chamber K at the time of opening and practically at all times on ac count of the size of the ports C, C. The flow through the openings B, B is out of the moving part and pressure against the adj acent sides,-the sides adjacent to the point of 0peningequals the pressure in the chamber H less a pressure drop caused by the velocity of the liquid and the pressure against the sides of the parts opposite the point of opening equal the static pressure in the chamber H. Therefore, the reactions at B, B tend to rotate the valve to a closed position. The reactions at A, A and at B, B are equal and opposite for all positions of the valve and there is, therefore, no tendency to either open or close.

I claim:

1. A casing having a partition therein dividing it into a pressure chamber and a discharge chamber, a stationary sleeve extending across the said pressure chamber and through the said partition into the said discharge chamber, the other end of said sleeve being in communication through a suitable passage or conduit with the said discharge chamber, said sleeve having three sets of openings or ports, two sets of which open into the pressure chamber and one set into the discharge chamber, a hollow valve in said sleeve, said valve being closed at one end and having a partition and three sets of ports to register with those in the sleeve, said partition being placed between the two sets of ports opening into the pressure chamber so that when the ports in the valve are in alinement with the ports in. the sleeve communication i established through a set of ports, between the pressure chamber the interior of the valve, through the open end of the valve, and the above mentioned passage or conduit with the discharge chamber.

2. A casing having a partition therein dividing it into a pressure chamber and a discharge chamber, a stationary sleeve eXtending across the said pressure chamber and through the said partition into the said discharge chamber, the other end of said sleeve being in communication through a suitable passage or conduit with the said discharge chamber, said sleeve having three sets of openings or ports, two sets of which open into the pressure chamber and one set into the discharge chamber, a hollow valve in said sleeve, said valve being closed at one end and having a partition and three sets of ports to register with those in the sleeve, said partition being placed between the two sets of ports opening into the pressure chamber so that when the ports in the valve are in alinement with the communication is established throu h a set of ports between the pressure cham er and the closed end of the hollow valve.

3. A casing having a partition therein diriding it into a pressure chamber and a discharge chamber, a stationary sleeve extending across the said pressure chamber and through the said partition into the said discharge chamber, the other end of said sleeve being in communication through a suitable passage or conduit with the said discharge chamber, said sleeve having three sets of openings or ports, two sets of which open into the pressure chamber and 'one set into the discharge chamber, a hollow valve in said sleeve, said valve being closed at one end orts in the sleeve,

and having a partition and three sets of ports to reglster w1th those in the sleeve,

said partition being placed between the two sets of ports opening into the pressure chamher so that when the ports in the valve are in alinement with the ports in the sleeve, communication is established through a set of ports identical in shape and size with the first mentioned ports in the sleeve, between the closed end of the hollow valve and the discharge chamber, and suitable means for operating said valve.

4. A casing having a partition dividing the said casing-into a discharge chamber and a pressure chamber, a sleeve extending through the partition and having one portion in the pressure chamber and the other portion in the discharge chamber and having one of its ends in communication through a suitable passage or conduit with the discharge chamber, said sleeve having three sets of openings or ports, two sets of which open into the pressure chamber and one setinto the discharge chamber, a hollow valve in said sleeve, said valve being closed at one end and having a partition and three sets of ports to register with those in the sleeve, said partition being placed between the two sets of ports opening into the pressure chamber so that when the ports in the valve are in alinement with the ports in the sleeve, communication is established through a set of: ports between the pressure chamber,

the interior of the valve, through the open end of the valve and the above mentioned passage or conduit with the discharge cham-' ber.

ORLANDO P. ADAMS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for live cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G."

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