US1300614A - Apparatus for making clothes-pegs. - Google Patents

Description

A. A. HOWES.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING CLOTHES PEGS. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19. 1911.

1,300,614.. Patnted Apr. 15, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

A. A. HOWES.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING CLOTHES PEGS. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19.1911.

Patentd Apr. 15,1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. A. HOWES.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING CLOTHES PEGS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19.1911

1,300,6 1 4, Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

A. A. HOWES.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING CLOTHES PEGS. APPLICATWN FILED OCT-19.!917.

ALBERT ARTHUR Hownsor' onnis'rcnuncn, new zE'ALAnn;

APPARATUS FOR MAKING CLOTHES-PEGS.

Leonora.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 15 1919;

Application filed October 19', 1917. Serial No. 197,457;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT ARTHUR Howns, a subject of King George V of Great Britain, residing at Lichfield street,

Christchurch, in the Dominion of New Zea land, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Making Clothes-Pegs, of which the following is a specification.

The object of the present invention is to provide a machine to manufacture an improved clothes peg.

A description-of the invention is as follows, it being understood that slight alterations may be made in the constructional featuresof the machine without departing from the essential features of the invention. In-the drawings accompanying this speclfication,

Figure 1 is a side elevation indicating the main features of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the parts comprising units 1 and 2 of the machine.

Fig. 4 is an end view ofFig. 3 looking in the direction of arrow A.

F *ig. 5 is a plan view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a view of the mutilated toothed wheel in the feed gear mechanism. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of unit 4 and part of units 3 and 5.

Fig. 8 is a cross sectional elevation of the paring apparatus.

Fig. 9 is a cross sectional elevation of the drilling apparatus.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of Fig. 7

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the slotting and other apparatus comprising unlt 6 and part of unit 5, the cutting off saw and gear being omitted.

, Fig. 12 is an end elevation of Flg. 11. Fig. 13 is a plan view of F1g. 11. The operation, of manufacturing the pegs may preferably for the sake of description be divided into six units or steps, numbered respectively on the drawings 1 to 6, from the reception of the timber in the form of planks or boards sawed to correct dimensions to the delivery of the finished peg into a chute or hopper, or other removing arrangement as may be desired.

The machine is adapted-to be driven by an electric motor or any other suitable means; this is not shown in the drawings. Counter sliafting (not 7 shown) may be erected where most suitable after consideration of the building to contain the machine. Extending the length of the machine is a table 1 carried on standards 2, and placed in a suitable position below the level of the table 1 is a motion cam shaft 3 driven by a belt drive (not shown) on to a pulley 1, as is shown in the submitted drawings in Figs. 1, 2, 10, 11 and 12.

Describing now the first unit at the end where the timber is fed into the machine, the construction and operation is as follows The table 1 is adapted to receive the wood in boards one upon another, preferably six deep, or as may be found most suitable relative to the capacity of the machine. Each board is of the thickness of one peg, and of a width equal to a number of pegs, say six or eight, as may be required. A small amount of extra wood is provided for wastage by sawing. In the drawing sub mitted, the table is shown of a capacity equal to six pegs in width. The wood is carried between guides or fences 5 on the table 1 during each successive operation to produce the finished article. The wood from which the pegs are cut is fed automatically below rollers 6 mounted in bearings 7 on the table the said rollers 6 may have a trade name or mark thereon to impress the wood with the said mark as it travels between the said rollers. Each set of boards is fed forward into the machine at regular set intervals, say three times per minute, by. an inter1nittent feed movement as will be hereinafter described, there being between each forward feed movement a period of rest (hereinafter referred to as the rest period) during which various operations may be performed upon the wood, each forward feed. move ment is of a distance equal to the length of one peg, plus the thickness of a cross out saw. The feed movement is intermittent throughout the whole length of the table,

and may be so arranged that when the timher is all, or nearly all, fed into the machine, the machine will be automatically stopped by the disengaging of a clutch or similar gear mounted on the motion shaft'until such time as fresh wood is supplied for the machine to operate on.

In the drawings, the feed gear mechanism comprises a counter shaft 8. driven by means ofbevel pinions 9 on the main motion cam, shaft 3, and on the said counter shaft 8 is a mutilated pinion 10 engaging with a toothed wheel 11 carried on a counter shaft 12, the two counter shafts 8 and 12 are carried by brackets 13. On the counter shaft 12 is a chain pulley 14-, around which passes a chain 15 carried by two other chain pulleys 16 attached at each end of the feed table 1 in unit 1 in such a manner as to allow the chain to move along a groove 17 in the upper surface of the table 1.

Attached to the chain 15 and sliding between the guides 5 on the table 1 in unit 1 is a sliding fence 18; the feed gear mechanism moving the sliding fence being so arranged that each revolution of the cam shaft 3 will revolve the mutilated pinion 10 which willtransmit a rotary motion for part of its revolution to toothed wheel 11 thus giving a slight movement to the chain wheel 14 and chain 15. The direction of the cam sha-fts rotation is such that it will, through the before described gears, transmit a forward motion to the sliding fence 18 equal in distance to the length of one clothes peg.

In the design shown,-the disengaging of the before mentioned clutch 19 when all the timher on the feed table 1 has been fed forward, is achieved by a projection 20 011 the sliding fence 18 coming in contact with and operating a bell crank trigger lever 21, which operation allows a hand lever 22 to move under .the influence of a spring 23 and through the medium of a connecting rod 2-1 to disengage the clutch member 19, thus stopping the whole movement of the cam motion shaft 3. The sliding fence 18 can now be manually drawn back to its original starting osition at the end of feed table 1 or the win ing back may be accomplished by a hand wheel (not shown) attached to the countershaft 12. The hand lever 22 is so arranged that the attendant can at any time produce the same results, I do not limit the application of my idea to the described gear. The feed table and the gears thereon comprise the first unit of the machine.

I will now describe the operation of the second unit.

Passing from the feed table 1, the planks engage with a gang of gripping saws 25. These saws 25 are mounted on a spindle 26 at right angles to the line of the forward feed movement of the timber; the said spindle 26 iscarried in bearings 27, on standard 2*. The saws 25 are ofsuch a number, and soplaced, as will divide the planks of timber intostrips, each of which is the width ofa :pe'g. Motion isgiventothe saw spindle 26 by means of belting (not shown) driving on forward feed movement of the timber on table 1 in unit 1, and throughout the machine. On either side of the saws 25 are rollers 6 which are carried in bearings 7, the rollers are provided to keep the timber down on the table 1.

The operation of the third unit is as fol lows.

After leaving the saws 25 in unit 2, the planks of timber now cut into long strips, are fed along the table 1, and each group of strips comprising several layers, is spread apart by means of wedges 29 attached to the table in this unit; The wedges. are made with the thin edge of each immediately opposite the edge of a saw in the gang of ripping saws 25, so that eachlayer of strips when fed between the wedges is spread apart. The object of spreading the timber isthat room may be obtained between each vertical group of the said layers of strips fonthe insertion of tools to work as hereinafter described. This spreading apart of the vertical layers of strips on thetable 1. comprises the third unit.

Having been separated by the before 1nentioned wedges 29, the timber is now operated upon by a gang of vertical drills 30. Each drill drills a hole through the wood in such a position therein as will coincide with the top of the slot in the finished peg.

In the drawings submitted, the drills 30 are held in chucks -31 mounted on rotating spindles 32, ca-rryingpulleys 33 driven by means of small round belting froma vertical rotating pulley 35, which in turn receives its motion from a counter shaft 36 or any other suitable mechanical means, such as a direct drive from an electric motor. he rotating spindles 32 are carried on bearings 37 mounted on standards 38 on the table 1.

The necessary vertical feed nrovement is given to the drills 30 by means of a series-of levers 39 attached to the top of the rotating spindles 32 and carried on a rod 40 which receives a vertical motion from two connecting rods 11 mounted in bearings 12 on theside .of table 1, and being at its lower end connected to an arm 43 rigidly secured to draw rods 44: operating the paring knives to be hereinafter described.

The drilling of the strips will take place at a time to coincide with the periods of rest between each forward feed movement of the wood. At the same time as the drilling is being done, the side of each layerofstrips is pared by a set of'knives 15 so-shaped as to produce a concave profile on the strips. The knives 45 may be mounted on plates iii (not shown) in a manner which will enable them to be removed for sharpening purposes or renewal.

In the drawings the paring knives are carried in a tool box 46 slidably mounted between standards 47 on table 1. The vertical movement necessary to operate the aring knives 45 is imparted through the raw rods 44 having its lower end pivoted to a lever 48 pivotally mounted at 49 to a projecting arm 50 on the bearing box 51. The bearing box 51 carries a horizontal shaft 52 arranged crosswise under the table 1 (Fig. 9) and driven by bevel pinions 53 from the main motion shaft 3. Mounted on the horizontal shaft 52 are cams 54, the said cams are so placed and shaped as to engage with a projecting roller 55 on the lever 48. For the greater part of each revolution of the cams 54 no motion is imparted to the lever 48, but a depression 56 on the cams 54 gives a downward and upward movement to the lever 48 for a short period of time during the revolution of the cam 54. The drilling and paring may be considered as the fourth unit in the description of my machine.

After drilling and paring, the strips are fedalong the table 1 in the fifth-unit, on which the fences or guides 5 so converge as to bring the wood strips close together vertically at the end of this unit. This construction is shown in Figs. 2 and 10. The said guides or fences 5 may hold rollers (not shown) placed vertically therein so as to fa cilitate the forward movement of the wood strips by reducing the friction on the sides of the fences. V The reducing of the spaces between the vertical strips of wood is the fifth unit in the description of" my machine. The strips now closely packed together on all sides are fed into the sixth or last unit. Here the wood is fed forward to the end of the table 1, which is slotted as at 57 (Fig. 13) for a distance equal to the length of the slot in the peg, to allow a gang of slotting saws to/operate, as will now be described.

During the period of rest between each forward feed movement there is brought into operation a gang of slotting saws 58, of such number and gage as will cut slots of a desired width in the end of each vertical layer of the strips. The saws are so adjusted that the extremity of the depth of the cut will coincide with the center of the hole drilled in the pegs as described in the operation of unit No. 4. The saws 58 are mounted on a spindle 59 carryin a pulley (60 at right angles to and across t e line of the woods advance, the saw spindle 59 being carried by bearings 61 on the ends of two wiper arms 62 pivotally mounted on a shaft 63 carried on standards 64, and having a balance weight 65 to balance the dead weight of the wiper arms and saw gear. A counter shaft 66 is placed in any convenient position behind the standard 64 and carried in bearing brackets 67; the said shaft 66 receives its motion from a belt (not shown) driving on to a pulley 68 or from any other convenient drive, such as a direct coupled motor. On the shaft 66 is a driving pulley 69 from which a belt 70 passes over the jockey pulley 71 carried on brackets 7 2 and shaft 73 on the standards 64, and from thence the belt passes around the pulley 60 on the saw spindle 59.

Vertical movement is given to the slotting saws by means of a connecting rod 74 pivoted to one end of a lifting lever 75, which is pivotally mounted at its other end at 2 to standard 2 carrying the table 1 at this part. Movement is given to the lifting lever 75 by a cam 76 carried on a crosswise horizontalshaft 77 mounted on a bearing bracket 78, and driven by means of bevel pinions 79.

and 80 oif the main cam shaft 3 by a miter pinion 80 keyed to the main cam shaft 3; this construction is shown in Fig. 11.

Between each of the saws 58 and attached to the spindle 59 so as to revolve withit, is placed a specially formed cutter 81. Each cutter 81 is adapted to give a wide curved lead to the slot of the peg similar to the usual type of clothes peg.

Following upon the slotting operation of the wooden strips there is a cutting off operation. This is accomplished by moving a cross cut saw 82 (Figs. 1 and 2) across the strips, cutting them to the length of peg desired. The cross cutsaw is mounted on a belt driven spindle parallel with the line of the woods movement, and is made to swing at I right angles through the wood strips when so desired; a V

Travel is given to the cutting off saw when required by means of a cam mounted on the before'mentioned motion shaft 3, and by a system of levers or such like suitable gear, (not shown), as is commonly adopted to obtain the same result in wood work factories and saw mills, the important object beingto efiect the cutting off movement of the saw during the period of rest and according to the general timing of each movement of the machine.

The saw spindle 83 is carried on the ends of two swinging arms 84 pivotally mounted ona counter shaft 85 earned on bearings 8 attached to the wall of the workshop. In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the bearings 86 are shown attached to a wall, but of course they may be suspended from the ceiling or to any convenient place according to the position of the machine. On the said counter shaft 85, and between each of the swinging arms 84 is a driving pulley 87 from which the belt passes on to the pulley 88 of the saw spindle 83.

The peg now being completed, may be tied into bundles by suitable means, and the next forward movement of the timber following will dislodge the bundle from the edge of the table into a conveyor or chute, or such other arrangement that may be used to remove the bundle of pegs to a packing department or direct to a packing case.

In operation: The wood already cut to size and to a definite length is placed on the feed table 1 between fences or guides 5, and in front of the sliding fence l8. When the said sliding fence 18 receives its forward motion, the wood is fed forward for a distance equal to the length of one peg. This intermittent and forward feed movement continues throughout the whole machine, the timing of each movement at the various units being constant and pre-determined. From the feed table 1 the timber passes to the ripping saws where it is split up into strips as detailed in the description of the machine, and from thence passes along the table 1 between the wedges 29 to the drilling table in unit 4.

At'the drilling table there is a period of rest in the feed movement, during which downward movement is given to the rotating drills 30, which pass through the layers of wood, making a hole in the wood approximate to where the slot in the pegs will terminate. At the same time, the paring knives receive a vertical motion from their gear, as described in the description of the machine, and form a concave profile on the outside of the prongs of the peg. Immediately on the completion of the drilling and paring operations the feed movement is resumed, and another portion of the wood comes into position below the drills and paring knives. The timber on the table in unit five travels forward and is brought closely together with each succeeding movement until it reaches the end of the table.

During the period of rest, the slotting saws 58 carried on the wiper arms 62 descend, cutting a slot through each vertical layer of strips, the said slot extending to the hole made in the wood by the drills in unit four. Simultaneously with the cutting of the slots, the cutters between the circular saws taper off thel inner ends of the slot made by the incision of the slotting saws. Following upon the fore-going operations, the cross cut saw 82 is brought into. operation, and cuts off a length of timber equal to the length of one peg. This completes the cycle of operations on the wood, and gives a com- 'plete and finished clothes peg.

The next forward movement of the wood ejects the finished pegs from the table into a chute or hopper, or into a suitable bundling apparatus.

for drillin a hole in the wood to determine the top of the slot in the peg, means for fashioning the outer profile of the peg,and mechanism for cutting and shaping the slots and cutting off of the pegs.

In a machine for making clothes pegs, mechanism for sawing material into strips of even width, we l 'e means for separating the strips, drilling and paring devices for operating upon the strips to produce the profile of the pegs, means for drawing the strips together, and mechanism for slotting and shaping the strips to complete them.

3. In a machine of the class described for making clothes pegs, the combination and arrangement of parts comprising a feed table, a gang of saws for longitudinally dividing the material fed from said table into strips, wedge means for. automatically separating the cut strips, drills for boring the separated strips, cutters for slotting the strips, the drills and cutters partly forming the outer profile of the pegs, and afinal series of saws and cutters to longitudinally 7 slot and shape the entrances of the said slots, and a traveling cross cut circular saw for severingthe strips iii-predetermined lengths to complete the pegs. V

4:. A macl 'ne of the class described for making clothes pegs, comprising a table having mechanisinfor automatically feeding wood along the same, saws for dividing the wood into strips, means for spreading the strips apart, drills and paring knives .to which the strips are respectively, and successively fed for partly forming the outer profile of the pegs, the drills forming holes in the strips at a position approximate to the top of the slot in the finished clothes pegs, mechanism for longitudinally slotting the strips from one end and for flaring the entrances of the slots, and mechanism for cutting oilf the strips into peg lengths.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set ALBERT ARTHUR HOIVES.

Witnesses:

A. C. MACINTYRE, ROBERT WALES.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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