US1296559A

US1296559A - Structural block.

Info

Publication number: US1296559A
Application number: US216615A
Authority: US
Inventors: William H Rook Jr
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1915-01-14
Filing date: 1915-01-14
Publication date: 1919-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 1936-03-04

Description

W. H. BOOK Ja.

STRUCTURAL BLOCK.

APPLICATlON FILED lAN. 14. :915.

1,296,559. Patented Mar. 4,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET L ly Z 6 /3 36 &vuan thom w. H. BOOK, Ja.

STRUCTURAL BLOCK. APPLICATION FILED me. H. 95.

Patented Mar. 4, 1919. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. ROCK, JR., OF AKRON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE R. HILL, OF AKRON, OHIO.

STRUCTUBAL BLOCK.

Speclficetion of Letters Patent.

Pateted Mar. 4, 1919.

To all whom it may conccrn:

Be it known that I lVLLIaM H. BOOK, Jr., u citizen of the United States, residing nt Aki-on, in the county of Sunmit and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Structurol Blocks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention 'elztes to cerumic blocks for structral purposes, of the type produced from plastic clay by means of .standard or approved expressing presses and cutting means.

The object of the invention is to provide for making luid-tight joints between the hutt-jointed cnds of the blocks, :s well on the interior :s on the exterior of the structures built of such blocks.

The invention has special reference to cellulur or hollow segnental blocks, particularly desi ned for Sewer construction, and the inventon will be explained by means of such blocks, although it is not intended to limit the invention to this specific use.

The invention oonsistscf a structure or wall, such as a Sewer, composed of structural blocks, each having its opposite ends rabbeted or recessed transversely in the same Jlane and thereby adapted When two similar llocks are alined end for end to receive a filler, which filler may be a cellular or solid block Secured in the space formed by the combined rabbets of two end-butted blocks by mortar or other cementitious material; or the filler may be of plastic cement or mortor properly placed in the combined rabbets; the cementitious matter used in either case spreading over into the cells of the blocks and when dry serving as clenches in the end-joining of adjacent blocks; the adjacent rabbets` and the fillers being arranged externally on the arch blocks and internally on the invert blocks of the tubular or circular structure; the invention being particularly epplicable to cellular blocks, as I will proceed now to explain and finally claim.

In the accompanyin drawin s illustrating the inventi0n,- in t e severa figures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an arch block, and Fig. 2 is a perspective View of a filler block for use therewith. Fi 3 is a perspective View of an invert bloc c, and Fig. 4 is u perspective View of a filler block therefor. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of two juxtuposed arch blocks with the filler block in place. Fig. (i is a longitudinal section of two juxtuposed inve't bloclo; with the filler block in place. Fig. 7 is a perspective View illustrtiug the formation of the joint in the arch. Fig. 8 is a perspective VlOW illustrating the formution of the joint in the invert. Fig. 9 is a perspective View and partia! section illustratig a. portion of sewer or other circular structure built of him-ks oi" this invention. Fig. 10 is an elevation of a solid arch filling block, and Fig. 11 is a similar View of a solid invert filling block. Fig. 12 is a frngmentry longitudina] section showing au all-cement filler joint.

Expliniug my invention as embodied in blocks` used for Sewer or other circular work, it is noted that the nrch block is made in the form of a segment of a circle with an outer curved wall 1, an inner concentric curved wall 2, side walls 3 and 4, a transverse Web 5 connecting the side walls and arranged about midway between the outer and inner Walls, and a perpendicular partition 6 connecting the oter and inner walls and the transverse web und With said parte serving to divide the block into cells. The side walls are provided with any suitable matching means such as dovetail tongues 7 and complemental grooves 8. The side wall 3 may be made with the

longitudinel edge flanges

9 and 10 at the edges of the

walls

1 and 2, and the side Wall 4 may have the longitudinal overhang's 11 and 12 of the grooves provided with mortar looking

grooves

13 and 14. At the opposite ends of the arch block there are transverse rabbets or recesses 115 extending entirely across the blocks and from the outer wall to the top or upper surface of the web 5, and by preference these rabbets are made straight across. As shown in Figs. 5 and 7, When two similar arch blocks of this character are abutted end for end, the rabbets or recesses' 15 combine to form an external cavity to receive a filler block 16 whose outer wall 17 is arched correspondingly with the arc of the outer wall 1 of the blocks and its inner wall or bottom 18 is straight to match the web 5, and its

side walls

19 and 20 are made to conform to the corresponding portions of the side walls 3 and 4 of the blocks. This filler block may be divided into cells by means of ma solid, as shown in Fig. "10.

As will be understood u on reference to Figs; 5, 7, and 9, the arc nblocks are assembled with their ends alined and mortar is then placed in the space or cavity formed by the rabbets and then the filler block s inserted in said space or cavity and pressed home, displacing or distributing the moter against itself and the adjacent plane and between the perpendicular ed es of the ends of the blocks and about itse The longitud'mal arallel Courses of I blocks are connected by means ofthe lateral tongues and gooves and nterposed mortar or other suitable cementitious materi l. n

,It is to be understood t at in the construction of. a circular structure, the invert block next described will be laid first, and the arch blocks last, in order to efi'ect the lateral union of the several courses of blocks entering into the circular structure.

The invert blocks, Figs. 3, 6 and 8, are precisely the same in Construction as the areh blocks, excepting that the rabbets or rccesscs instead of extending from the outside inwardly, are ,extended from the inside outwardly, and the filler blocks are applied on the inside instead of on the outside. Each invert block has the outer wall 22, the in- Aner wall 23, the side walls l ltand 25, the

anYerseweb 26 connecting the side walls, e perpendicular parttion 27, connecting thefnner and outer ,walls anrlthe transverse web, ,thedovetail tongue 28 and .the ,cqmplementel groove` 29 in their respective sides, 24 ad.25, the flanges 80end 31 on the side wall 24 on op'posite sides of the dovetail tongue, the overhanging

portions

32 and 33 adjacent to the groove 29, provided with the mortar-lockng grooves 34; and 35, and the end rabbets or recesses 36 made, as already stated, upon the inner side of the block and extendng to the ng per surface of the web 26 and strai t acrossthe opposite ende of the block. he filler bIOkB?, Eige. 4, 6, &and ,9, for these n eix' thereby distributi g t qr jned and, he ,filler bleeks i' resse home 'e morter n w I I wh eh f it s to be ?hei-med hes a h ..trans se :w

thegjonts, in ubstentially the manner describcd wth respect to the use of the tiller blocks in the arch blocks,

It is to be particularly noted that the rabbets on the arch blocks at the opposite ends are arranged on the same side of thethe purposes of the preformed filler blocks in many, if not all, structures. In this construction the blocks may be laid with the cementitious material 43 in contact with the transverse Web and extending into the cells, thus forming a clench, and st'uck down level with the surface of the block This construction is particularl` useful in const'ueting silos Where there is no abras m. as in the case of fiowing sewage or the like. Even for fiowin matter in sewers, this all cement joint is ully equal to concrete structures.

I em aware that it has been proposed to cut away the adjacent ends of structural blocks' and then fill in the cut away portions with an insertedpiece and mortar, but in the only instanoe offthisconstruction, of which I am aware, the inner walls ofthe blockjs have been made 'of greater'thiclmss than the outer walls in order to provide for the cutting of the recess or rabbet in these walls. Under p'resent practice of manufac turing structural blocks from plastic clay by means of expressing resses, it has been found imprectical to ma (e the longitudinal walls of different thicknesses owing to the unequal resistanee to which the masses of clay are exposed in the expressing operation, since the 'tubes or cellular structures as they exude from the dies are defiected inwrd or` 'eutwerd in acoordance with the difi'erences in thickness, instead of coming out straight; and the tendencylis for these tubes or structures to 'split or become deformed. Making the walls of equal .thickness insures the production of straight tubes, without'tendency to 'deflect or curve, and without sp'litting; and as the tube is cut' into block Ien'gths, on its emergence from the press and while t is still reen, the rabbets or recesses' may be cut; utit will be ebserved that the cutting does not extend intotl'e transverse web on either side, but ends with the adjacent suraces of the web, and hence the blocks may 'e provided with thefrabbets, or recesses in an entirelyeprectcal way. e

Variations in'structurel and o 'erative details ere 'within the' principle o my invention and intended to be included in the claims herein made.

What I claim is 1. A tubular structure, comp'ising segmental blocks, each of which has an oute' and an inner wall, side walls, and a transverse web connecting the side walls, said walls and web being of substantially the same thickness, the opposite ends of the block having transverse rabbets terminating with the adjacent surface of the transverse web and on the same side thereof, the blocks composing the structure being butt-jointed lengthwise and the adjacent rabbets at each butt-joint forming transverse cavities, and a filler block laid and cemented in each such cavity to close the joint between adjacent blocks.

2. A tubular structure, comprising segmental blocks, each of which has an outer and an inner wall, side walls, and a transverse web connecting the side walls, the opposite ends of the block having transverse rabbets terminating with the adjacent surface of the transverse web and on 'the same side thereof so that when two or more blocks are alined longitudinally the adjacent rabbets will form cavities, combined with a filler block cemented in each cavity so formed.

3. A tubular structure, comp'ising cellular segmental blocks, each of which hasan outer and an inner wall, side walls, -and a transverse web connecting the side walls, the opposite ends of the block having transverse rabbets terminating with the adjacent surface of the transverse web and on the same side thereof, the blocks being laid end for end thereby converting their adjacent rabbets into cavities, combined with a cellular filler block cemented in each cavity so formed.

4. A Sewer built of structural blocks, each block having an outer-and an inner wall, side walls, and a transverse web connectin the` side walls, the opposite ends of eac block having transverse rabbets of substantially equal dimensions and extending in wardly to the adjacent side of the web and in the same longitudnal plane, the rabbets of adjacent blocks when the blocks are laid end for end forming a cav'ity, and a filler applied in said cavity and closing the joint between the ends of the blocks and forming a clench with such block ends.

5. A structure of the character described, comprising' structural blocks, each block having its opposi-te ends provided with transverse rabbets of substantiallyequal dimensions and extending inwardly and in the same longitudinal plane, the rabbets of adjacent blocks when laid end for end forming a cavity, and a filler ap plied in 'said cavity and thereby closing the 'joint between the ends of adjacent blocks and forming a. clench with such block ends.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this ninth day of Ja'uary` A. D.

WILLIAM H. ROOK, JR. witnesses:

` W. R. ANDERSON,

H. E. HAAS.