US1296007A - Detachable wheel. - Google Patents

Description

J.. v. PUGH.

DETACHABLE WHEEL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I. 191.2.

Patented Mar. 4,1919.

l. V. PUGH.

DEIACHABLE WHEEL.

l. V. PUGH.

DEIACHABLE WHEEL.

APPucATloN man sePT. I. lslz.

Patented Mar. 4,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

JOHN vEENoN PUGH, 0E covENirRY, ENGLAND, AssIcNon, VBY NEsNE .assIeNMEN'rs 'ro WIRE WHEEL ooRroRA'rIoN lor AMERICA, A CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

DETACHABLE WHEEL.

Specieation of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 4. 1919.

Application led September 7, 1912. Serial No. 719,207. v

To all whom z't may concern.'

Be it known thatI I, JOHN VERNON PUGH, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Guiting House,

kthe secure locking of this nut or screwed securing device which holds the outer iipon the inner hub part independent of the action of the ratchets or other additional locking.A

devices, which have hitherto been regarded as essential in practice to insure safety.

It is well known that if two'solids of revolution c. g. cylinders, cones, screw-threaded cylinders or the like are put together one inside the other the inner one must be smaller than the outer one, and consequently must be of shorter circumference. If the two parts are kept in contact at one fixed point and `substantially out of contact at the. dianietrica-lly opposite fixed point, and either of the two parts be revolved, under condi .tions which do not involve slip, then the other part will revolve also, and .the speeds of revolution of the two parts is proportional inversely7 to the relative lengths of their circun'iterences, the inner part revolving faster than the outer part. Y

The two hub parts of a wheel of the type hereinbefore indicated are connected with one another so that they must rotate together and the clearance between them required to insure easy attachment and removal of the detachable part is such that when loaded the one hub part may be considered to be slightly' eccentric to the other. The nut or securing device is arranged when screwed up to center the outer end and to transmit a portion of the load from the inner to the' outer hub part, and a coned or tapered centering abutment is preferably provided conveniently at the inner end ot' the hub.

The above transmission ot' load produces during forward rotation of the wheels the conditions necessary for the already d scribed principle to come into action, and thus the frictional contact of the suitable c0- acting surfaces causes the nut orl securing device to screw up and consequently to retain the detchable outer hub part in position. i

According to this invention I provide that the rotative eiilect of the two contacts of the inner and outer hub parts respectively with tlie nut' or like screw thread-- ed device will be different bot-h in' direction and in magnitude, but by the einploynient of means for reducing the friction between the nut and one of the hub parts I insure that the difference will be such that the resultant effect of the contacts will be to tighten up the nut or like screw threaded device during the forward .ihovement ot-= the vehicle and t0 retain thetouter hub part upon the inner hub part and render the employment of ratchets or other additional locking devices unnecessary.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle upon which the invention is based.

Fig. 2 is a plan of a motor vehicle to wliiclidetaeliable wheels constructed in accordance with this invention are applied, the vehicle carrying a spare outer hub part.

Figs. 3, l and show various arrangements for carrying the invention into eii'ect, the outside ends of a pair of wheel hubs for use on opposite sides of a vehicle being illustrated in each figure.

In Fig. l the circles A-B represent the cross section ot two solids of revolution fitting the one within the other, the necessary clearance being exaggerated for the sake of clearness. If these two bodies are pressed together in a vertical direction as indicated by the arrows C-D,=and the one A is revolved in the direction of the arrow E, then the other B will be driven by it and will revolve as indicated Iby the arrow F, but ata' higher speed ot' revolution in the ratio of the diameter A to the diameter B.

When applying the foregoing to a detachable wheel hub constructOli, the nut part which is provided with circumferential engaging surfaces forming solids of revolution has each pressed b v the weight of lthe car tightly in contact. with one of two other, solids of revolution in the shape of the engaging surfaces of the inner and outer hub parts, the two former having of necessityT the same angular velocity when revolving.

The' nut part will during joint revolution of the parts tend to move forward or backward relative to either one of the two hub parts according to whether it is in contact with an internally disposed or an externallyr disposed circumferential engaging surface thereof, so that if it engages a similarly disposed surface of each hub part its motion is the result of the sum of the frictional driving effects of both. If, on the other hand, a nut part is formed to be in contact with an internally disposed surface of one hub part v`and an externally disposed surface of the other, then the two frictional driving effects will be opposed to one another and the inotion of the nut partis the result of their difference. According toa third alternative, the frictional driving effect of one of j the hub 4parts may be practically eliminated L by arranging friction reducing means benut part and the circumferential engaging surface of one of the hub`parts the nut is subjected practically only to the frictional Vlriving effect of the otherhub part. The

other cases are described in applications Serial Nos. 681760 and 710481.

In carrying this invention into effect as 'shown by way of example in Fig. 3, a ball race, s, is introduced between the nut,`e, and the detachable hub part, (L, the ball s `being kept in the race g ly cages (not shown in the i drawing) or in any other suitable manner.4 Inthis case fori a gwheel on the left handl side 'of the vehiclle, the nutwould screw on toa right-handed screw thread, c, on the fixed or inner hitb part, I), and on the right lhand side of the vehicle the nut would screw 0n to a left handed screw thread. the ball nace is` practicality frictionlesfs, the tend.- ency to revolve will be that due to the contact between the nut` and the inner hub part.

.'-The nlxit will revolve more slowly than the v inner ub part and consequently will tend to rotateirelative Ito the hub parts in the direcmovement .of the vehicle.

As shown-in Fig. t, a ball race, s, yis provtion to tighten it up during the forward vided between the nut, e, and the outer hub part, aasdarranged-that it acts to retain the former in connection with the latter. Portions olf internal screw threads oneleft handed `f and one right handed g are provided, these being` of different diaieter.

' The innerhub part on the left hand side of the vehicle would be 'formed with an external thread h to engage the right hand thread naaaoov g of the nut, and the inner hub part on the Vright hand side of the vehicle would be provided with an externa-l left hand thread to engage the left hand thread f of the nut.

rfhe balls s are held in the race by means of alocking ring t which forms a part of the race way. This locking ring is screwthreaded onto the nut c and is held in place by any suitable means, a screw ci being shown in the drawing. By this construction the nut is secured to the outer hub part and is removable therewith. l In order to remove the nut from the outer hub part the locking V ring (t) must be taken off releasing the balls which are next removed-and the nut isthen detached. Thereby there is provided a frictionless means, which permits the rotation ,of the nut on the outer hub part but yprevents any separatingv movement therebetween. Since the nut and outer hub part are so connected the tightening or loosening of the nut forces the outer hu'b part on or 0E the inner hub part.

As shown in Fig. 5, the' detachable hubi part, a, is provided with portions of internal right and left handed threads, and the nut, e, with corresponding left-hand thread, and

the nut, e, with right hand thread, the two i nuts being used on opposite sides of the vehicle. The ball race, s,.is situated-between the nut and theinner hubv part, and the balls s are heldin place-by a locking ring u which forms a part of the race. The

ring r is screw threadedonto thel inner hub part b andis held in position by any suitable means w. The nut e is thus held on the inner hub although permitted to rotatev relatively thereon by reason of the balls-s and hence when the nut is tuined relatively to the outerhub part that part is forced to move relatively `to ftl're"'inner hub part, while the nut retains'its position upon the inner hub part. 4

It will be seen that by the use ofgthis invention it can be arranged that a spare outer hub part which is interchangeable with a like detachable outer hub part of a vehicle wheel is automatically and safely retained Vin position as soon as the nut has' been screwed up, and that no spring or hand operated pawls or catches with the attendant ratchet teeth or"castellatio.ns are necessary to .prevent the nut from working loose, and

as the tightening is automatic, there is nocial pawl releasing devices aire required.

The spanner may also be instantly applied to the nut for tightening or unscrewing without the'previous manipulation of any catches or paWls. I

iso

It will be observedv that inv this specification the expressions detachable vehicle threaded securing device. t It will be seen that the above described modifications are merely examples of methods of carrying out the invention and that many other modifications may be employed.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to .secure by Letters Patent is l 1. In combination in a detachable wheel,

itwo hub parts sleeved and engaged to revolve together, but subject'to slight eccentric displacement, an internal circumferential surface to one part, an external circumferential surface to the other part, a nut having anti-friction roller means engaging "one surface, and transmitting radial force from one surfaceto the other, while retaining the parts inconnection,"whereby due to eccentricity it rotates relative to said parts during revolution of the wheel, and screw ythreads on the other surface engaged by said nut so handed that during forward movement tightening results .from the ielative rotation.

2. In combination in a-detachable wheel, two hub parts sleeved and engaged to revolve together, but subject tol slight eccentric displacement, an internal circumferential surface to one part, an external circumferential surface to the other part, said surfaces forming the circumferential bound- `aries of an annular saace between said ts, a nut in said annu ar space connected 'ylfanti-friction roller means to one part and. transmitting radial force to the surface lof tliejf other part, whereby due to eccentricity said .nut rotates relative to said parts durii revolution of the wheel, and screw threa sVA nl* the surface of said other part engaged by said nut and so handed that during f rwardl movementtightening resultsfrom he relative rotation.

3. In combination lin a detachable wheel,- two llub parts sleeved and engaged to revolve, together, but subject to slight eccentric displacement, an internal circumferential surface to the outerV part, an external circumferential surface to the inner part, a nut/ having anti-friction roller means for engaging one surface, and. transmitting radial force therefrom to the surface of the inner part, while retaining the parts in connectiomwhereby due'to eccentricity said nut rotates relative to said parts during revolution ofthe wheel, and screw threads on the surface of said inner part whichare right hand for a wheel for the left Side of a veliicle and left ,hand for one for the rightA side so that during.forwardIl movement tight- .ening results from the relative rotation.

to the other, at least onevof said surfaces being screw-threaded,a nut part threaded to said screwed surfacev and having antifriction engagement with said' other surface whereby it transmits radial forces while retaining oiie part vupon the other and due to eccentricity rotates relative to said parts during revolution of the wheel, and three wheel parts for the left side of a vehicle equivalent to the aforesaid but the nut hav.- ing screw threads of opposite hand to those of said right hand nut so that the relative rotation upon forward movement of ave hicle tightens the nut upon eachside.

In combination an inner hub part of a detachable wheel, an outer part sleeved on said inner part, means insuring simultaneous revolution of said parts but permitting eccentricity of their axes, `a circumferential surface to each of said part-s, said surfaces being of opposite radial disposition and at least one being'screw threaded, an annular nut part positioned between said surfaces and engaging said threads, whereby it transmits radial forces while retaining one part upon the other, and is subjected to oppositely directed turning moments imposed by said parts due to revolution of the wheel,` and anti-friction means transmitting the radial force from said nut part to one hub part and thereby causing the moment nut and other hub part while preventing the longitudinal separation thereof, whereby the nutl is tightened upon the forward movement of the wheel.

7. In a detachable wheel, the lcombination of an inner hub part. an outer hub part mounted on said inner hub part, means in# lsuring the vsimultaneous rotation of said parts-while permitting eccentricity of their axes. a nut screw threaded into engagement with one of said hub parts, a ball i'ace between said nut and said other hub part permitting the relative rotation of said nut and other hub part while preventingI the longiiso' ' tudinal separationthereof, whereby the nut is'tightened upon the. forward.movement 'of 'the wheel.

S. In a. detachable wheel, the combination of an inner hub part, an outer hub part mounted on said inner hub part, means msui-ing the simultaneous rotation of said parts While permitting eeeentricity ot their axes, `a nut screw threaded int-o engagement with one of said hub parts, a ball race between said nut and said other hub part fperl '.mitting the relative rotation of said nut and other hub part while preventing-the longi#n tudinal 'Separation thereof, and a locking yring forming part of said race and securing it to said hub part, whereby the-nut is tightened upon the forward movement of the Wheel.

9. In a detachable wheel' the combination. of an inner hub part, an outer hub part,'

ing the rlongitudinal separation thereof, .and a locking ring forming part of said race and securing it to said hub part, whereby the .nut is tightened upon the forward movement of the wheel. l

10. Ina detachable wheel, the combination of an inner hub part, an outer hub part inounted'on said inner hub part, means insuring the simultaneous rotation of said parts, 4a nut sere-w threaded on to the inner hub part and balls between said nut and outer hub part to `provide 'a lineveontact therebetween.

11. In-a detachable wheel, the combination of aninner.v hub part, an outer hab partfmounted thereon, means insuring the simultaneous'rotation of said parts, a nut screw threaded onto said inner hub part-- within the mouth ofthe outer hub part, and balls between said nut and said outer hub part to provide a series of points'of Contact therebetween. 4

In testimony whereof, I ating my signature in presence of 'two witnesses. s

JOHN VERNON PUGH.

' Witnesses:

THOMAS H. VVEsT,

BERTRAM H. MATTHEWS.

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