US1294398A - Polishing-machine for floors. - Google Patents

Description

E. CAVICCHL POLISHING MACHINE FORFLOORS. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 22. 1915.

1,294,398, Patented Feb.13,1919,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2A 5 e'SO,

lnvenor. l Ercole Cuvcch, l

AULy'S.

ERCOLE CAVICCHI, OF QUINCY, MASSACHUSETTS.

POLISHING-MACHINE FOR FLOORS.

lineages.

- Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented'Feb. i8, i919.

Application med November 22, '1915. seal No. 62,755.

To all whom t may concern." A

Be it 'known that I, ERCOLE CAvrCioHiI, a*

citizen of the United States, and resident of Quincy, 'county of Norfolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement'in Polishing-Machines for Floors, of which the following description7 in connection with the accompanying rawln'g, is a specification,

like characters on the drawing representing' like para.

This invention relates to improvements in grinding or polishing machinesof the-type in which/a rotary grinding or'polishing a considerable amount of water is supplied to increasethe rapidity of abrasion and eonsiderable difficulty has been experienced in machines -of this type by reason of the centrifugal action of the grinding members forcing-the water and mud away from the center` -of the machine so that a portion of the grinding surface .would run dry.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide .a grinding tool having abrasive members so disposed that feach ofthe abrasive members will remain continuously in contact with the surface being polished the dispositionof the members being also such as to provide for the free circulation ofA water or. mud between said members so that each member willi'always be providedl'with a suiiicient amount of water to enable to act eiiciently. y i .n Another feature of the invention consists in so supportingthe abrasive members that they may be readily removed for the purpose of repairor replacement.

Another object of the invention is to pro*n vide a means whereby the entire seriesy of rotary grinding members together with' the driving head therefor may be l'readily re moved fr om the driving mechanism to facilitate transportation of the machine and also to permit easy repairing of the parts In machines of this character with which YI have been familiar the motor foractuating the driving mechanism is supported .upon `a truck, the polishing mechanism being rcarried by the truck at a considerable distance beyond vthe end of themotor so that in use it has been necessary to place heavy weights above the grinding mechanism in order to obtain the desired eihcie'ncy of operation.

VAnother improved feature of the present y invention consists in placing the axis of the polishing mechanism directly beneath the motor so that 'the greater portion of the weight of the motor will be carried directly by the polishing mechanism thereby greatly increasing the normal pressure between the polishing tools and the surface being treated.

Other features of the invention will more fully appear from :the following description, the accompanying drawings, and will be pointed out in the annexed' claims.'

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a polishing machine embodying the preferred form of my invention, the motor being shown in elevation,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine the motor having been removed, i

Fig. 3 isa plan view of the rotary driving head for the polishingtools illustrating the manner in which the tools are connected to said 'guiding member.

Fig. 4 is a bottom lan view of the rotary (i) polishing tools illus# trating one of the preferred formsv of tools,

d'riving member an 4 Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the mechanisms shown inA Figs. 3 and 4,

Fig. 6 is a detail flongitudinal sectional .viewof one of the polishing tools showing the universal .connection between .it andthe rotary driving head,

' 7 is a bottom plan view of a series of F1 polishing tools in`which the abrasive sur-` V`faces are of cylindrical form having tapered ends removably seated 'in corresponding sockets, and,` y

LFig. 8 isA a-detail vertical sectional view on lines 8 8, Fig. 7. r

f The polishing machine illustrated herein comprises a base or platform 1, preferal u,

supported Iat oneend upon a truck and at the -opposite end provided with a downwardly offset portion 2'having a boss 3 providing a. journal for, a driving shaft 4 adapted to actuate a rotary driving heady which will hereinafter be described. yThe odset portion 2 may conveniently bev made ioo in the form of'a gear casing the outer end .providing a'- journal 5 for a countershaft adapted to support suitable gears for transmitting power from the motor to the driving shaft 4. A suitable motor, such as an electric motor 6 is rigidly secured to the base of the platform 1 and its shaft is provided with a gear 7 which meshes with a gear 8 rigidly mounted upon a stud shaft 9 which is mounted in. the bearing in said platform extension, the opposite end of the stud shaft 9 being mounted in a socket 10 in a plate 11 which is secured to the platform bybolts 12. The plate 11 is also provided with a downwardly extending boss y13 in which is formed a thrust bearing 14 for the upper end of the shaft 4. The thrust bearing may be provided with antifriction members of any usual type such as plates, disks 0r balls. The shaft 9 desirably may be provided with an axial duct 15 provided with radial apertures extending to the surface of the shaft and lconnecting' with a duet 16 leading to said thrust bearing. The stud shaft 9 preferably is rigidly secured in the socket 10 by a set screw 17 and is preferably made of a sufficient length to extend beyond the end of the gear casing and apertured to receive a pin 18 by which the shaft may readily withdrawn if it is desired to dismantle the gearing.

A gear 19, having an extended hub 2O is preferably rotatably mounted upon the stud shaft 9 and the hub of the gear 8 is rigidly secured tothe hub of the gear v19 by a key so thatthe gears 8 and 19 will rotate together upon the shaft 9. The gear 19 engages a beveled gear 21 which is rigidly secured upon the driving shaft 4. vIt

'will therefore be obvious that the rotation 'mechanism thereby 'rendering it necessary to place a heavy weight above the polishing mechanism. By reason of the novel construction above described the shaft 4 is placed directly beneath the motor so that a considerable portion of the weight of the vmotor is carried directly by the polishing mechanism through thelshaft v4. The oppsite end of the platform 1 may be supported` in any convenient manner` as by means of a truck having a single or preferably a plurality of wheels.

As illustrated herein the wheels 22 are rotatably mounted upon an axle 23 which' is carried by a frame comprising arms 24,'

25 pivotally secured to a shaft 26 mounted in the offset portion 2 of the platform, said arms 24, 25 being connected by a cross piece :nase-,sse

26X to maintain the same in parallelism and to provide a rigid frame therefor.

' The axle .23 of the wheels lis adjustably secured tothe platform by means of a locking rack 27, 27 having a recess 28 adapted to engage theaxle 23, said Aracks being connected to a shaft 29 carried by brackets 30 secured to the lower face of the platform 1. The rack 27 desirably is provided with an integral offset lever'31 adapted to be depressed by the foot of theV operator to disengage the rack 27 from the axle 23. The' rack 27 is, however, normally maintained in engagement with the axle by a helical spring 32 surrounding the shaft 29 andsecuredl at one end to the rack 27 and itsopposite end engaging the under face of the platform. f

In order to preventthe complete disengagement of the rack 27 from the axle 23 and consequently the dropping of the platform I have yfound it convenient to provide the rack with a preferably integral keeper 33 which will permit the rack to be shifted so that any of the recesses thereof maybe engaged with the axle but which will prevent the entire disengagement of the rack.

Asuitable handle 34 may be connected to the platform by brackets 35, 36 which may7 be secured together and to the handle by bolts 37. A switch 38 located Iupon the handle within reach of the operator ,may conveniently be provided for the purpose of .controlling the motor. l

lhile the mechanism above described provides a means for locating the axis of the driving head for the abrasive members beneath themotor with means for maintaining the platform level notwithstanding .the wearing away. ofthe abrasive members it will be obvious that other mechanisms of equivalent function may be provided, the principal feature of the mechanism thus described" residing in the placing of the axis of the driving head beneath the motor so A110 that the weight of the latter will bear directly upon it, and providing suitable means for adjusting the height of the platform to compensate for the wearing of the abrasive members.

The drivingmechanism is preferably detachably connected with the driving head in order that the latter may be readily removed for repair and other purposes.

This is accomplished in the preferred V1.20 form of the invention illustrated herein by providing` the shaft 4 with an enlarged end 40 of angular, preferably rectangular cross section, said end being adapted to fit in a corresponding socket 41 in a hub 42 extend-123- ing downwardly from the center of the driving head 43, The driving lhead 43 is preferably in the form of a spider having three arms'l, 45, and 46 extending radially from the head' of a preferably integral rircum- 130 ferential ring 47. Each of the arms 44, 45, and 46 is preferably provided-with a taper- 'ing aperture 48 adapted to receive a stud 49 in a corresponding recess 51 in the plate 52 which carries the abrasive members.

v rlhe spherical head 50 may conveniently be retained in its socket 51 by a ca'p plate 53 centrally apertured to fit the outer -portion of the head 5() and provided with slots to receive lugs 54 extending upwardlyfrom the plate 52, the cap 53 being retained in place by cotter pinsA 55 .passing through apertures in said lugs.

Other forms of universal couplingmay of course be utilized to connect the driving head with the olishing tools. ever desirable t at such connections be uti lized as will permitthe easy removal of the polishing tool from the driving head.

In the present case as in the machine disclosedin my prior patent the drivinghead is provided with not more thanthree polishy' ing tools which ai'e connected'to the driving head by means of universal joints, consequently the tools are maintained in contact with the surface being polishedfat all times.

In my former patent vthe preferred form of polishing tool described and claimed therein was inthe form of a hollow elliptical abrasive member adapted to be reversed sothat the Sides might be caused to wear uniformly.' In the present embodiment of my invention each. of the polishing tools is provided with three abrading blocks triangularly disposed. By this arrangement not only is `each tool caused to engaged continuously the. surface being polished but each abrading block of each tool is likewise maintained in engagement with the surfacebeing treated; furthermore these abrading blocks are so located as to cause the circulation of Water from one to another.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have illustrated a driv- 'ing head as provided with three polishing tools 56, 57, 58. These tools are preferably of the same form, each comprising a subj stantially triangular plate 52 havingrecesse's 60, 61 and 62 disposed in triangular arrangement in which are seated respectively abrading blocks 63', 64'and 65.

vThese abradingblocks are spaced at differenty radial distances from the aXis of r0- tation ofthe driving member and are so' disposed that' water or mud encountered by the abrading block 6 4 will be partly thrust Each of the polishing tools 56, 57, and 58 is pivotally secured within the area of the It is how-' triangle formed by lines-joining the abrading block by a universal joint connection such as is illustrated in Fig. 6, vand above described, so that each block is free to tilt in any direction. A l

In order however to prevent an undesirable amount of tilting when an unusual obstruction is encountered the under face of the driving head 43 is provided with downwardly extending lugs 66 `located above and substantially adjacent the corners of the plate 52. In order to prevent relative rotation between the polishing tools and the rotary driving head it is provided with spirit of my invention and the scope of theV following claims, the principal feature of the invention residin in the fact that each polishing toolis provided with members disposed in triangular relation'so that allv of the tools may be caused to engage the surface being treated at all times.

It niaybe noted in this connection that one or two abrading tools might be utilized with the same general function and without the susceptibility of abrading either as Would be the case if more, thanthreetools were used. VIn my prior application the claims cover a construction in which three polishing tools are provided upon a rotary head each of said polishing tools .having a single abrading surface. The present invention and thelclaims herein are intended to -cover the rotary polishing machine having either one, two or three polishing tools and each tool provided with two or three abrading members.

`In Figs. 7 and 8 a different form ofabrading tool is illustrated in which the abrading blocks are cylindrical in form and are seated `apex of the triangle, another .cylindrical block 71 being disposed more nearly the center of rotation anda pair of cylindrical blocks 72 located at a greater distance from the center. of .rotation than either of the blocks 71. In this constructionthe blocks 72 are in ,effect a single grinding member constituting one `of the triangularly disposed series, f j

These'abrading blocks are preferably of corundum and are provided with beveled upper ends 73 which are seated in similarly Abeveledor conical apertures 74 which pref eiably extend through the plate 52x as illustrated inFig. 8. This forms a convenient constructioii for assembling and replacing the grinding members. Heretofore the abrading blocks have been secured in place in the polishing tool by. adhesive mediums such as melted sulfur, cement and the like. By seating the tapered ends of the abrading blocks in corresponding apertures however,

the' assembling and dismantling of the abradiiig members is greatly facilitated. lVhile the abrading members are assembled in Figs. 7 and 8 it will be noticed that the same may be constructed in other forms within the meaning and scope of the following claims.

In the use of the invention the rotation of the grinding head causes a creeping of the machine along the floor or other surface being polished so that the same may be" easily directed by the operator through the steering handle. In order to prevent the grinding head from coming into Contact with the walls, posts or other obstructions and vto avoid damaging thesame a guard ring is preferably placed about the grinding head.

As illustrated herein this guard device comprises a metallic ring 75 which. preferably` extends entirely around the guiding head and is supported by three brackets 76, 77, 78 connected to said ring and to the sides and front of theextension 2 of the platform.

It will be further understood that the particular mechanisms disclosed herein are illustrative in character and are not restrictive and that various modifications in form, dimensions, arrangements, etc., may be made within the spirit of the following claims f means for preventing hereto annexed.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a machine of the class described comprising a driving head and means'foi` actueach connected to( said head by universal couplings to permit the independent tilting of each tool, each tool comprising abrasive members rigidly secured thereto and arranged in triangular relation whereby said members will be maintained at all times in contact with the surface being treated and rotation of said tools relatively to said head.

3. In a'machine of the class described comprising a driving liead'andmeans for actuating the same; a plurality of polishing tools each connected to said head by universal couplings to permit the independent tilting of each tool, each tool comprising a plate having apertures with upwardly converging walls, and abrasive 4members having taper-y ing ends seated in said apertures, whereby the abrasive members may be readily removed and replaced.

4f. In a machine of the class described comprising a rotary driving head and means for actuating the same; a series of three nonerevoluble polishing tools connected to i independent tilting of each tool in any diy rection, each tool comprising abrasive members arranged in triangular relation and atv different distances from the axis of rotation of Said driving head whereby said abrasive members Will be maintained at all times in contact with they surfacev being treated and paths provided for free circulation of water throughout the area engaged by said abrasive members.

6. In a machine of the class ldescribed comprising a rotary driving head and means for actuating the same; a-series ofpolishing tools, ,each comprising three `abrasive members, connected-to said head by universal couplings to permit independent tilting of each tool in any direction, means to prevent rotation of said tools relatively to said head Without interfering with the freedom of tilting of said tools, and means for limiting the amount of said tilting of said tools.

7. In a machine of the class described comprising arotary'driving head and means for actuating the same; a series of polishing tools .connected to said head by universal couplings, lugs depending from said head loosely lengaging adjacent ends of said polishing tools adapted toV prevent relative rotation between said tools andl said head but to allow independent tilting of said tools. f,

8. In a machine of the class described comprising a driving head and means for' actuating the same; a lseries of polishing tools each having abrasive members arranged in. triangular relation, aball and socket connection between the driving head labrasive members, apertured lugs upon said tool'projecting upwardly and disposed upon opposite sides of said sockets,'keeper lplates engaging the spherical heads of said studs and said lugs and Cotter pins removably securedA in said lugs adapted ,detachably to retain said keeper plates.

10.1In a machine of the class describedcomprising a driving head and means for actuating the same, a polishing tool comprising a plate havingapertures with upv Wardly converging colloidal Walls and cylindrical members having conoidal ends tapered to fit said apertures.

l1. In a machine of the class described comprising a driving head and means for actuating the same, a polishing tool comprising a plate having. apertures with upwardly converging conoidal Walls extending through said head and cylindrical members having conoidal ends tapered to fit said apertures. A

In testimony Whereoi'l have signed my name to this specification.

nncoLn CAvIcCHI.

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