US1291414A - Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons. - Google Patents
Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1291414A US1291414A US15763017A US15763017A US1291414A US 1291414 A US1291414 A US 1291414A US 15763017 A US15763017 A US 15763017A US 15763017 A US15763017 A US 15763017A US 1291414 A US1291414 A US 1291414A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coke
- still
- trap
- cracking
- stills
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
- C10G9/16—Preventing or removing incrustation
Definitions
- My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cracking petroleum hydrocarbons, one of the objects being to rotect cracking stills from the injurious e ects of coke-forming substances which tend to ac-.
- This feature of the invention increases the efliciency of a cracking apparatus by circulating the coke, or carbon, away from the point at which heat is transmitted to the still, thus permitting the heat to be transmitted freely from the still to the oil, at the same time avoiding the danger of overheating the metal of the still, and allowing the apparatus to remain in service for a considerable period of time.
- I attain this object by permitting the liquid to overflow from one cracking still to another and removing the coke-forming substance from the overflowing liquid.
- Th1s coke-forming substance consists of heavy fractions which drop by gravity to the lower portion of the liquid in the still, and the overflowing liquid is therefore, preferably, conducted from the lower portion of one still, through a coketrap, and then into another still.
- Figure I is a diagrammatical view, partly in section, of a cracking apparatus embodying the features of my invention.
- Fig. II is a diagrammatical perspective view, showing a battery of cracking stills connected by overflow conductors.
- Fig. III is an enlarged vertical section illustlatlng one of the coke-traps.
- each cracking still is arranged above a heating chamber 5 and connected by means of an air cooled vapor pipe 6 to a reflux condenser 7, said condenser 7 being connected by means of a vapor ipe 8 to a water cooled condensing coil 9, rom
- Each vapor plpe 8 is preferably Specification of Letters Patent.
- valve 10 for regulating the pressure.
- the apparatus I has shown is particularl y adapted for use in cracking high boiling point products of distillation, such, for example, as the distillates or residues resulting from the distillation of petroleum.
- the pressure in the battery of stills is preferably greater than 50 pounds per square inch, and the temperature of the contents of the stills preferably ranges from about 600 F. to 800 F. Heat is transmitted directly through the bottoms of the stills so as to vaporize and crack the oil contained therein.
- the heavy coke-forming fractions drop by gravity in the liquid and tend to accumulate on the hot still bottoms.
- the object of this invention is to remove the coke-forming fractions by causin the liquid to overflow from the bottom 0% one still, through a coke-trap and theninto another still, the coke-forming substance being thus circulated from the lower portion of the first mentioned still and deposited in the coke-trap.
- the oil to be cracked isto the still 2 by means of a pipe 14.
- the heavy coke-forming fractions are permitted to accumulate at the bottom of the coke-trap, and the lighter liquid overflows from the upper portion of the coke-trap and circulates into the still 2; A large percentage of the heavy, coke-forming substance is thus conducted to the coke-trap 13, where it will not in any way injure or affect the cracking apparatus.
- the coke, or tarry, coke-forming substance may be removed from the trap 13 by opening a valve 15 in the discharge pipe 16.
- overflow pipe 12' a coke-trap 13 and an overflow pipe 14:.
- the overflow conductors place the difi'erent stills in free communication with each other, and a uniform pressure is therefore maintained in all of the stills. This pressure is also maintained in the coke-traps and overflow pipes. All of the overflowing liquid must circulate through a coke-trap, wherein the heavy coke-forming substance will drop by gravity instead of passing from one still to another.
- naet eie means for heatingthe bottoms of said pres sure stills, a coke-trap, an overflow pipe leading from the lower portion of one still to said coke-trap, and an overflow pipe lead ing from the upper portion of said coketrap to the other still, said overflow pipes and coke-trap being in free communication with both stills so as to equalize the pressure therein, at the same time permitting liquid to be cracked and coke forming matter to overflow throu h the first mentioned overflow pipe to said coke-trap.
Description
J. W. COAST, JR.
APPARATUS FOR CRACKING HYDROCARBONS. APPLICATION FILED MAR.2I. 1917.
1,291,414. Patented Jan. 14,1919.
iii/7W6 67/ 9/7867? UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.
JOHN W. COAST, JR., OF TULSA, OKLAHOMA, ASSIGNOR TO THE PROCESS COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF MARYLAND.
APPARATUS FOR CRACKING HYDROCARBONS.
' a citizen of the United States of America, a
resident of Tulsa, in the county of Tulsa, State of Oklahoma, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for CrackingI-Iydrocarbons, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cracking petroleum hydrocarbons, one of the objects being to rotect cracking stills from the injurious e ects of coke-forming substances which tend to ac-.
cuinulate on the hottest parts of the stills. This feature of the invention increases the efliciency of a cracking apparatus by circulating the coke, or carbon, away from the point at which heat is transmitted to the still, thus permitting the heat to be transmitted freely from the still to the oil, at the same time avoiding the danger of overheating the metal of the still, and allowing the apparatus to remain in service for a considerable period of time. I attain this object by permitting the liquid to overflow from one cracking still to another and removing the coke-forming substance from the overflowing liquid. Th1s coke-forming substance consists of heavy fractions which drop by gravity to the lower portion of the liquid in the still, and the overflowing liquid is therefore, preferably, conducted from the lower portion of one still, through a coketrap, and then into another still.
Figure I is a diagrammatical view, partly in section, of a cracking apparatus embodying the features of my invention.
Fig. II is a diagrammatical perspective view, showing a battery of cracking stills connected by overflow conductors.
Fig. III is an enlarged vertical section illustlatlng one of the coke-traps.
To illustrate the invention, I have shown a battery of cracking stills designated 1, 2, 3 and 4. respectively, each cracking still is arranged above a heating chamber 5 and connected by means of an air cooled vapor pipe 6 to a reflux condenser 7, said condenser 7 being connected by means of a vapor ipe 8 to a water cooled condensing coil 9, rom
which the low boiling point product is re- 66 covered. Each vapor plpe 8 is preferably Specification of Letters Patent.
Application filed March 27, 1917. Serial No. 157,630.
provided with a valve 10 for regulating the pressure.
The apparatus I have shown is particularl y adapted for use in cracking high boiling point products of distillation, such, for example, as the distillates or residues resulting from the distillation of petroleum. The pressure in the battery of stills is preferably greater than 50 pounds per square inch, and the temperature of the contents of the stills preferably ranges from about 600 F. to 800 F. Heat is transmitted directly through the bottoms of the stills so as to vaporize and crack the oil contained therein. The heavy coke-forming fractions drop by gravity in the liquid and tend to accumulate on the hot still bottoms.
The object of this invention is to remove the coke-forming fractions by causin the liquid to overflow from the bottom 0% one still, through a coke-trap and theninto another still, the coke-forming substance being thus circulated from the lower portion of the first mentioned still and deposited in the coke-trap. The oil to be cracked isto the still 2 by means of a pipe 14. The
liquid overflowing from the still 1, passes out through the pipe 12, and is discharged into the lower portion of the coke-trap 13.
The heavy coke-forming fractions are permitted to accumulate at the bottom of the coke-trap, and the lighter liquid overflows from the upper portion of the coke-trap and circulates into the still 2; A large percentage of the heavy, coke-forming substance is thus conducted to the coke-trap 13, where it will not in any way injure or affect the cracking apparatus. The coke, or tarry, coke-forming substance, may be removed from the trap 13 by opening a valve 15 in the discharge pipe 16.
The li uld overflowing from the lower portion of the still 2, passes through a pi e 12 and into a coke-trap 13, the relative y light liquid being permitted to overflow from said coke-trap 13 through a pipe 14' and into the still 3. The stills 3 and 4: are
connected by means of an overflow pipe 12', a coke-trap 13 and an overflow pipe 14:. The overflow conductors place the difi'erent stills in free communication with each other, and a uniform pressure is therefore maintained in all of the stills. This pressure is also maintained in the coke-traps and overflow pipes. All of the overflowing liquid must circulate through a coke-trap, wherein the heavy coke-forming substance will drop by gravity instead of passing from one still to another.
I claim:
In an apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons, horizontal cylindrical pressure stills,
naet eie means for heatingthe bottoms of said pres sure stills, a coke-trap, an overflow pipe leading from the lower portion of one still to said coke-trap, and an overflow pipe lead ing from the upper portion of said coketrap to the other still, said overflow pipes and coke-trap being in free communication with both stills so as to equalize the pressure therein, at the same time permitting liquid to be cracked and coke forming matter to overflow throu h the first mentioned overflow pipe to said coke-trap.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing I hereunto aflix my signature.
JOHN w. CUAST, JR.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15763017A US1291414A (en) | 1917-03-27 | 1917-03-27 | Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15763017A US1291414A (en) | 1917-03-27 | 1917-03-27 | Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1291414A true US1291414A (en) | 1919-01-14 |
Family
ID=3358973
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15763017A Expired - Lifetime US1291414A (en) | 1917-03-27 | 1917-03-27 | Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1291414A (en) |
-
1917
- 1917-03-27 US US15763017A patent/US1291414A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2158425A (en) | Vacuum steam distillation of heavy oils | |
CA3122117A1 (en) | Method and device for cleaning contaminated used oil | |
US1291414A (en) | Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons. | |
US1348266A (en) | Art of cracking hydrocarbons | |
US2338595A (en) | Distillation process | |
US1968093A (en) | Corrosion prevention | |
US1348265A (en) | Art of cracking hydrocarbons | |
US2151310A (en) | Distillation | |
US1811195A (en) | Method of treating petroleum oil | |
US1864349A (en) | Method of evaporating liquids | |
US1916205A (en) | Apparatus for converting petroleum hydrocarbons | |
US1785042A (en) | Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons | |
US1934873A (en) | Treatment of hydrocarbon oils | |
US1904196A (en) | Apparatus for treating hydrocarbons | |
US2305046A (en) | Refining of mineral oils | |
US1982091A (en) | Conversion of petroleum oils | |
US2011479A (en) | Process for treating hydrocarbon oil | |
US1811309A (en) | Process and apparatus for producing low boiling point hydrocarbon oils | |
US1349815A (en) | Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons | |
US1258190A (en) | Art of cracking hydrocarbons. | |
US1583973A (en) | Apparatus for cracking oils | |
US1321133A (en) | sleeper | |
US1345133A (en) | Apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons | |
US1839090A (en) | Process for treating emulsified hydrocarbon oil | |
US1252999A (en) | Art of cracking hydrocarbons. |